Antenatal diagnosis of prune belly syndrome.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
R Nishimura
Publications and source records attributed to R Nishimura.
Magnetic resonance imaging of uterine leiomyosarcoma.
The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a patient with uterine leiomyosarcoma are reported. MRI provides higher contrast resolution in soft tissues than ultrasonography or CT, and the MRI findings described in this case report suggest that MRI can be used to help differentiate between leiomyosarcoma from myoma.
Female↗
Treatment of edentulous maxillae with osseointegrated implants.
Edentulous maxillae can be restored with implant supported fixed restorations containing denture teeth on a metal framework, implant-retained removable overlay prostheses, or porcelain fused-to-metal fixed prostheses. Esthetics and hygiene access are two important factors in determining the restoration best suited for each patient. Treatment planning considerations and treatment procedures for the various techniques are discussed.
Dental Implants↗
Carbohydrate structures of beta-core fragment of human chorionic gonadotropin isolated from a pregnant individual.
Highly purified beta-core fragment was obtained from urine of a pregnant woman with use of an immunoaffinity column. The amino acid sequence of beta-core fragment indicated that it is composed of two polypeptides linked by a disulfide bond. The two polypeptides correspond to the 6-40 and 55-92 portions of hCG beta-subunit. Both Asn13 and Asn30 residues were glycosylated. The N-linked sugar chains of beta-core fragment were quantitatively released as radioactive oligosaccharides by hydrazinolysis, followed by N-acetylation and NaB3H4 reduction. The radioactive oligosaccharides were fractionated by serial lectin column chromatography and Bio-Gel P-4 column chromatography, and their structures were investigated by sequential exoglycosidase digestion and periodate oxidation. The results indicated that they were a mixture of the four oligosaccharides: Man alpha 1----6(+/- Man alpha 1----3)Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(+/- Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAc. The structural characteristics of the sugar chains of beta-core fragment are quite different from those of the beta-subunit of hCG whose structures were typical biantennary sugar chains containing the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----2 group as their outer chains.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Solubilization of the receptors for avian pancreatic polypeptide in chicken, canine, and pig brains.
When n-octyl-beta-D-glucoside was used in several detergents to extract active avian pancreatic polypeptide (APP) receptors, a specific binding of [125I]APP to the solubilized chicken cerebellar and porcine hippocampal membranes was found. The binding of [125I]APP to the solubilized receptors was dependent on incubation time, temperature, and protein concentrations and appeared to have a slightly acidic optimal pH. APP binding to chicken and porcine brain extracts showed a high specificity for APP, although the chicken receptors do not discriminate well between APP and its related peptides, neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. Scatchard analyses of competitive binding data indicated the presence of two classes of binding sites in the brain extracts as in membrane-bound receptors; however, the high affinity component of the chicken receptor showed a decreased affinity after extraction. APP receptors in chicken and porcine brain extracts retained their insensitivity to the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate). Cross-linking studies were performed with the homobifunctional cross-linker disuccinimidyl suberate and brain membrane receptors solubilized with n-octyl-beta-D-glucoside. An APP receptor species with a M(r) of 67,000, the same size as that of the labeled protein in native membrane homogenates of chicken and pig brains, was identified. However, in the canine brain we observed a M(r) 85,000 receptor protein, suggesting that species differences exist among the structures of brain APP receptors. The solubilized cross-linked APP receptors in these species were adsorbed by wheat germ agglutinin-agarose and by concanavalin A, indicating that they are glycoprotein in nature. The availability of the solubilized receptors from vertebrate brains with n-octyl-beta-D-glucoside represents an important step toward the purification and molecular characterization of the APP receptors.
Animals↗
Carbohydrate structures of beta-core fragments of human chorionic gonadotropin isolated from a pregnant individual.
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Carbohydrate Sequence↗
Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on the ligament healing in rabbits.
Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on ligament healing were investigated using 80 rabbits. All animals received square resection (4 mm x 4 mm) of both patellar ligaments in full thickness at their center. They were divided into 4 groups of 20 rabbits each and stimulated with different electromagnetic intensity of 0 (control), 2, 10, and 50 gauss (G) for 6 hr daily. Pulse frequency and pulse width were 10 Hz and 25 microseconds, respectively. After PEMFs stimulations for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, 5 animals of each group were euthanized and the regenerated tissue at the defective portion was investigated histologically and biomechanically. Histologically, the tissue stimulated by PEMFs showed an earlier increase in capillaries and fibroblasts and more matured, prominent longitudinal orientation of collagen fibers than those of control groups. Among the rabbits stimulated electromagnetically, those stimulated at 50 G revealed the earliest ligament healing. Tensile strength of regenerated ligament tissues of any PEMFs groups increased significantly at 1 and 2 weeks after operation, however, at 3 and 4 weeks after operation, there were no significant differences between groups. Among these values, those of 50 G group were the highest consistently during most of the experimental period. From the above results, PEMFs enhanced the earlier stage of ligament healings and 50 G gauss seemed to be the most effective among the 3 field intensities used. This promoting effect may potentiate the earlier recovery of the function after the ligament injury.
Animals↗
Enhancing effect of butorphanol on medetomidine-induced sedation in pigs.
Enhancing effect of an opiate agonist-antagonist butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) on sedation induced by medetomidine (80 micrograms/kg) was evaluated in pigs. Butorphanol significantly enhanced the depth of medetomidine-induced sedation and prolonged the duration of that assessed by posture score and spontaneous movement of pigs. The combination of medetomidine and butorphanol produced excellent muscle relaxation and moderate surface analgesia which was enough for procedures with mild pain in pigs.
Animals↗
Antagonism of medetomidine sedation by atipamezole in pigs.
The efficacy of atipamezole as a medetomidine antagonist was evaluated in pigs. The atipamezole doses (intramuscularly) were 80, 160, 320 and 480 micrograms/kg of body weight, which were one, two, four and six times higher than the preceding medetomidine dose (80 micrograms/kg, intramuscularly). Atipamezole effectively reversed medetomidine-induced sedation, and the optimal action was seen at doses of 160 and 320 micrograms/kg. Recovery from sedation was quick and smooth, and adverse effects such as hyperactivity or tachycardia were minimal with either dose.
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
Radiographic investigation of ulcerative lesions in the carpal joint in Japanese black calves.
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Age Factors↗
A balanced anesthesia with a combination of xylazine, ketamine and butorphanol and its antagonism by yohimbine in pigs.
The effects of intramuscular injections of xylazine (2 mg/kg)-ketamine (15 mg/kg) [X-K15], and xylazine (2 mg/kg)-ketamine (5 mg/kg)-butorphanol (0.22 mg/kg) [X-K5-B] were compared in atropinized (0.05 mg/kg) miniature pigs (pigs). Both combinations induced the anesthesia for more than 1 hr, however X-K5-B induced the more potent and well balanced anesthesia as compared with X-K15, although the amount of ketamine was reduced to one third. The duration of loss of pedal reflex, an indicator of surgical anesthesia, in X-K5-B (62 +/- 13 min) was significantly (P less than 0.05) longer than in X-K15 (28 +/- 19 min). In addition, X-K5-B was accompanied by loss of laryngeal reflex in all pigs. Recovery from anesthesia in X-K5-B was much smoother than in X-K15, and the administration of yohimbine (0.05 mg/kg) could rapidly and smoothly reverse the anesthesia induced by X-K5-B, although it was accompanied by a transient fall in blood pressure and tachycardia. The combination of xylazine, ketamine and butorphanol appears to be a relatively safe and widely available anesthesia for the period of one hour in pigs.
Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
Sedative effects of medetomidine in pigs.
Sedative effects of medetomidine, a potent selective and specific alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, were evaluated in pigs using 5 different doses (30, 50, 80, 100 and 150 micrograms/kg of body weight) and compared with those of xylazine (2 mg/kg). Atropine (25 micrograms/kg) was mixed with both drugs to prevent severe bradycardia. All drugs were administered intramuscularly. Medetomidine at a dosage of 30 micrograms/kg produced more potent sedation than xylazine. The depth of sedation induced by medetomidine was dose dependent within the range from 30 to 80 micrograms/kg. At 100 or 150 micrograms/kg, the depth of sedation was mostly the similar level to that at 80 micrograms/kg but the duration was prolonged. The degree of muscle relaxation produced by medetomidine also seemed to be dose dependent from 30 to 80 micrograms/kg and was stronger than that produced by xylazine. An increase in the duration of muscle relaxation was dose dependent up to 150 micrograms/kg. No analgesic effect was produced by xylazine, however moderate analgesia was obtained by medetomidine. There were no marked changes in heart rate and respiratory rate during the observation period in pigs of any groups, however mild hypothermia after the administration of both drugs was observed. From these results, medetomidine has a significant and dose-dependent sedative effects which are much more potent than that of xylazine, and a combination of 80 micrograms/kg of medetomidine and 25 micrograms/kg of atropine is suitable for sedation with lateral recumbency and moderate muscle relaxation without notable side effects in pigs.
Analgesia↗
Detection of uremic peaks in dogs by anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography.
Sera of dogs with gentamicin-induced uremia were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography system with strongly basic macroreticular anion exchange resin. Satisfactory separation of peaks was achieved with good reproducibility after deproteinization of sera with trichloroacetic acid at a final concentration of 3%, confirming that the system was suitable for qualitative analysis of uremic serum. The chromatograms showed that the number of peaks and the peak area had relation to concentrations of serum urea nitrogen or creatinine and severity of uremia. Four peaks were selected as suspected canine uremic peaks with high correlation to serum creatinine concentrations which were hardly influenced by extrarenal factors. The results suggested that these four fractions might contain uremic toxins.
Animals↗
A mixture of paraphenylenediamine and imidazole: its effect on the extraction of lipid droplets during electron microscopy staining.
To prevent extraction of lipids during a double staining procedure for electron microscopy, the tissue slices, double fixed with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide to preserve microvesicular lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, were immersed for 2 hr in veronal buffer (pH 9.0) containing 0.5% p-phenylenediamine and 0.5% imidazole immediately after postfixation. The stained sections of the immersed tissue slice showed blackened, well circumscribed lipid droplets similar to those in corresponding unstained sections. Moreover, highly contrasting features of the cellular architecture could be visualized with the double stained, as well as routinely prepared sections.
Adrenal Cortex↗
[Assessment of urinary beta-core fragment of hCG as a tumor marker of cervical cancer].
Beta-core fragment (beta-CF), a fragment of the hCG beta-subunit missing its carboxyterminal peptide, can be detected in the urine of women throughout pregnancy or in trophoblastic disease. It is also found in the urine of patients with nontrophoblastic cancers. We examined the beta-CF level in urine samples from patients with cervical cancer and assessed its value as a tumor marker. beta-CF was measured by an enzyme immunoassay with hCG beta-core directed monoclonal antibody No. 229. Based on the cut-off value (0.2ng/ml) from control subjects, the overall positivity rate for urinary beta-CF in the cervical cancer group was 45% (57 of 128 patients), increasing from 32% (23 of 73) in stage I to 100% (2 of 2) in stage IV. These positivity rates exceeded or equaled those of the other markers, SCC, CEA, CA19-9 and CA125, simultaneously measured in the patients' serum. There was no significant difference between the positivity rates for the two histological types of cancer, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Serial determination in 28 patients with increased urinary beta-CF prior to therapy showed that 24 patients had a decreased concentration after successful treatment, but 2 of 4 patients with still increased urinary beta-CF during or after treatment subsequently relapsed. The determination of urinary beta-CF may provide a useful tool in monitoring the response to treatment in patients with cervical cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Frequency of the hypercalcemia-leukocytosis syndrome in oral malignancies.
There have been a number of reports over the last 15 years of patients with cancer who develop both leukocytosis and hypercalcemia, particularly in patients with cancers of the oral cavity. In this study, the authors report the frequency of hypercalcemia and leukocytosis in 225 patients with oral malignancies. Ten patients (4.4%) had hypercalcemia, 11 patients (4.9%) had leukocytosis, and five (2.2%) had both hypercalcemia and leukocytosis. The occurrence of these two distinct paraneoplastic syndromes in the same patients was greater than could have been expected from chance alone (chi-square = 45.8, P less than 0.0001). This study demonstrates that although hypercalcemia and leukocytosis are relatively uncommon in oral cancers, when they do occur they are frequently associated. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first report in which the frequency of the association hypercalcemia and leukocytosis is studied in detail in large numbers of patients with oral cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[CT appearance of small renal angiomyolipoma].
Twenty-six small renal angiomyolipomas (AML) in 21-patients, detected incidentally by ultrasonography, were evaluated with CT. Conventional CT findings of AML were classified into three types by the degree of the fatty areas in the mass. Type 1 is a mainly fat density mass like a lipoma observed in 7 lesions (26.9%). Type 2 is a fatty mass intermixed with areas of tissue density and found in 15 lesions (57.7%). Type 3 is a mass without fatty portion and observed in 4 lesions (15.4%). These latter lesions were indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma on CT. It is important to diagnose a small lesion of the kidney as AML correctly for proper treatment.
Adult↗
Structures of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human chorionic gonadotropin from a patient with extragonadal germ cell tumour.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) purified from the urine of a male patient with extragonadal germ cell tumour contained four asparagine-linked sugar chains in one molecule. The sugar chains were quantitatively released from the polypeptide moiety by hydrazinolysis and recovered as oligosaccharides after N-acetylation. The oligosaccharide mixture was separated into a neutral (N) and three acidic (A1, A2 and A3) fractions by anion-exchange column chromatography. By sequential exoglycosidase digestion, methylation analysis and lectin column chromatography, the structures of these oligosaccharides were found to be the same as those of female gestational choriocarcinoma hCGs. Both contain eight kinds of sugar chains: triantennary, abnormal and normal biantennary, and monoantennary complex-type sugar chain with or without a fucosylated core portion.
Adult↗