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Biomedical subjects

R Nass

Publications and source records attributed to R Nass.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Case report: recovery and reorganization after congenital unilateral brain damage.

Recovery and neural reorganization after congenital left- and right-brain injury is assessed on dichotic listening and tachistoscopic visuo-perceptual tasks. A matched-pair approach for age and type of lesion is used. Over-all, deficits are less pronounced than in adults. Innate specialization of both left and right hemispheres is supported by the data. In addition, a left-right maturational gradient is suggested by the all-around better performance of the child with left-hemisphere pathology. The later maturing, relatively less-committed right hemisphere is better able to compensate after unilateral injury.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1983

Ontogenesis of hemispheric specialization: apraxia associated with congenital left hemisphere lesions.

In adults apraxia is more common after left-hemisphere damage. The engram for control of skilled motor movements has therefore been considered a specialized function of the left hemisphere. The ontogenesis of motor control was studied in a group of prepubertal children with congenital unilateral hemispheric lesions. Left-hemisphere lesions caused greater impairment of rapid independent finger movements, suggesting that specialization for motor control is innately programmed in the left hemisphere. No subject evidenced apraxia to verbal command, but adult-like performance is not yet expected at the age the group was tested, and effects of side of lesion could appear later.

Apraxias↗
PubMed1982

Dysaesthesias and dysautonomia: a self-limited syndrome of painful dysaesthesias and autonomic dysfunction in childhood.

Three children with an acute self-limited syndrome characterised by painful dysaethesias, hypertension, and autonomic dysfunction, in the absence of motor and reflex abnormalities, are presented. They appear to have had a variant of acute polyneuritis involving sensory and autonomic systems. The pathophysiology of hypertension in the Guillain-Barré syndrome and of acute pandysautonomia is discussed. Excessive adrenergic function is considered as a cause of the pain component of the syndrome.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Gangliogliomas.

Gangliogliomas, composed of nerve and glial cells, are rare tumors of the central nervous system. The clinical and radiological findings in five cases, along with a review of the literature, suggest that these are slow growing neoplasms which are better treated by surgery than by radiation. They occur throughout the neuraxis; an infratentorial location is more common than the early reports would suggest. The clinical picture and radiological findings are suggestive of a slow growing mass, but are not specific for the tumor type.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebral dysfunction following infantile dietary chloride deficiency.

Twenty-two children who were chloride-depleted in infancy due to a chloride-deficient diet and who had resultant hypochloremic alkalosis were analyzed in regard to their signs and symptoms, metabolic studies, and growth parameters. Deceleration of weight, linear growth, and head growth occurred in most, and persistent growth failure occurred in some. The majority had cognitive deficits at follow-up. Comparison with growth parameters in a chronically malnourished group of children who had a variety of disorders revealed a similar degree of deceleration of weight (p = 0.50) and height (p = 0.70), but more severe deceleration of head growth (p = 0.01). Comparison with follow-up cognitive deficits reported in the United States medical literature in children with similar severity of nutritional deprivation indicates that the chloride-depleted infants had more frequent and more severe cognitive deficits (p = 0.09). Cognitive deficits have been documented in U. S. children who are nutritionally deprived only when disorders causing concomitant chloride depletion are responsible for the malnutrition.

Alkalosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Empty sella syndrome in childhood.

The empty sella syndrome is common in middle-aged women, usually presenting with headache, and only occasionally associated with endocrine or visual abnormalities. It is rare in childhood. Childhood cases tend to present either with endocrine disturbances, visual symptoms, or with craniofacial syndromes. We present three cases of complete empty sella with childhood onset, each discovered unexpectedly during evaluation of endocrine or visual dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial dissecting aneurysms in childhood.

Children presenting after trauma with headache, seizures, hemiplegia and coma may have an intracranial dissecting aneurysm. Specific angiographic findings provide confirmation of this diagnosis. The dissection occurs subintimally and differs clinically and pathologically from dissecting aneurysms of extracranial arteries. The course in children beyond infancy is catastrophic, justifying consideration of potentially life saving surgical intervention.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of the central nervous system in neonates and young children.

Twelve normal neonates and young children, ages 32 weeks gestation to 20 months, and 22 abnormal children up to four years old had MRI scans using a 0.5 T superconducting scanner. A faint signal that was presumed to be myelin was detected in the thalami at 32 weeks; myelination of the occipital lobes was present at full term, and visible throughout the hemispheres by 8 weeks of age. Anatomical locations of congenital lesions were well demonstrated, especially in sagittal views. The signal changes of perinatal abnormalities, such as hemorrhage and hemiatrophy, were often specific. Abnormal position of the spinal cord, spinal lipomas, and other congenital lesions were also well visualized.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗