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Biomedical subjects

R Nanda

Publications and source records attributed to R Nanda.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary hemodynamic changes after intravariceal sclerotherapy with absolute alcohol.

To investigate whether alcohol used as variceal sclerosant has any effect on pulmonary hemodynamics, 14 patients with portal hypertension received intravariceal injections of absolute alcohol. Six additional patients were injected with equivalent volumes of saline and they served as controls. After intravariceal injection of absolute alcohol (8 ml in 12 patients and 12 ml in 2 patients), mean +/- SD pulmonary artery pressure was seen to increase significantly (p less than 0.01) at 1 and 5 min and return to basal level by 15 min. Similar changes in pulmonary arterial pressure were seen after intravariceal injection of saline; the difference in the rise in pulmonary arterial pressure between the two groups was not significant. The pulmonary capillary-wedged pressure and systemic blood pressure did not change significantly after intravariceal injection of alcohol. Absolute alcohol in the amount usually used for sclerotherapy has minimal and transient effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and, in this respect, it appears to be a relatively safe sclerosant.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concurrent primaries of vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 39-year old woman with in utero diethylstilbestrol exposure.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was used widely in the late 1940s in an attempt to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. In 1971 the US Food and Drug Administration proscribed its use for pregnancy support secondary to its association with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Several studies in animal models demonstrated an association with endometrial cancer among offspring following in utero DES exposure. To date, there is only one case report of endometrial cancer in women exposed to DES in utero. We present the first case, to our knowledge, of a woman exposed to DES in utero who presented with double primaries of clear cell cancer of the vagina concomitant with endometrial cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of sex steroids on human umbilical artery and vein.

OBJECTIVE: To define the vascular actions of selected sex steroids on human umbilical artery and vein and to determine whether there are any gender-specific differences in vasorelaxation between umbilical cord vessels of male and female fetuses. METHODS: Segments of umbilical artery (n = 12) and umbilical vein (n = 8) from male and female fetuses were suspended in organ baths of Krebs solution for isometric tension recording. The vessels were contracted using 60 mM potassium chloride followed by exposure to increasing concentrations (10(-7) to 10(-4) M) of sex steroid hormones (estradiol-17 beta, estriol, estrone, testosterone, and progesterone). A specific estrogen receptor antagonist (ICI 164, 384) was used to attempt to block the estradiol effect. Changes in tension were recorded. RESULTS: Of the agents tested, estradiol-17 beta had the greatest effect (25-29% relaxation at 10(-4) M concentration), which was uninhibited by a specific receptor antagonist. The other steroids tested had no significant effect, even at 10(-4) M concentration. The umbilical artery is slightly more sensitive to the effects of estradiol than the umbilical vein. There were no gender-specific differences noted in either artery or vein harvested from male or female fetuses. CONCLUSION: Estradiol-17 beta in supraphysiologic concentrations has a non-receptor-mediated vasorelaxation effect on human umbilical blood vessels.

Adult↗