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Biomedical subjects

R Nakano

Publications and source records attributed to R Nakano.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Thirty-one autopsy cases of trisomy 18: clinical features and pathological findings.

The clinical features and morphological findings in 31 Japanese infants with trisomy 18 are presented. The majority were small-for-date infants. There was no sex predominance in our series, as opposed to male:female ratios of 1:3 reported in the literature. The average age at death was greater in females than in males. Cardiovascular anomalies were consistently present; ventricular septar defect and patent ductus arteriosus being the most common malformations. Various other internal malformations including the Arnold-Chiari malformation were observed.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1989

Progesterone feedback in normal and sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemic postmenopausal women.

The feedback effect of progesterone on pituitary gonadotropin release was investigated in ten normal and ten sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemic postmenopausal women. Forty micrograms of ethinyl estradiol (E2) was administered orally throughout the study. After E2 pre-treatment, 25 mg of progesterone was administered intramuscularly and serum concentrations of LH and FSH were assayed at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours after injection. A positive feedback effect of progesterone on gonadotropin release was demonstrated in five normoprolactinemic postmenopausal women and in six sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemic women. These results suggest that the positive feedback effect of progesterone is maintained in sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemic postmenopausal women as well as in normoprolactinemic postmenopausal women.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Juvenile Sandhoff disease with local panatrophy--a case report].

A case of juvenile Sandhoff disease with Gowers' local panatrophy was reported. A mentally retarded 39 year-old man had been noticed to have localized skin atrophy on the right leg since 7 years of age, and was also aware of the atrophy of his right leg since his junior high school age. His parents were first cousins. He had multiple localized atrophic skin lesions on the right side of his nape, the right side of lower back, and the right thigh. These skin lesions did not show any signs of sclerosis. Although he was mentally retarded (IQ=44), the neurological examination was normal including funduscopy. Histological examination of the atrophic skin le led that the epidermal basal layer was hyperpigmented and that the dermis and subcutaneous fatty tissue were extremely atrophic. The nerves meandered across the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, and had membranous lipid storage cytosomes in the axon and Schwann cells. Biochemical studies revealed marked deficiency fo leukocyte hexosaminidase activity. Total hexosaminidase activity was decreased to 18% of normal controls, and hexosaminidase B activity was completely deficient. Other lysosomal enzymes in leukocytes were normal in activities. Both parent showed intermediate levels of leukocyte hexosaminidase A and B activities. Electron microscopy analysis of a rectal biopsy specimen showed neuronal accumulation of dense osmophilic deposits, as well as membranous cytoplasmic bodies in Meissner's plexus. On the basis of the patient's age at onset and the above findings, the patient was diagnosed to have juvenile Sandhoff disease. The local panatrophy observed in the present case could be the result of the accumulation of GM2-ganglioside in autonomic nervous system, and may well be a new clinical feature of GM2-gangliosidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Binding sites for gonadotropins in human postmenopausal ovaries.

The binding of human LH and human FSH to postmenopausal ovarian tissue from 21 patients with cervical carcinoma was analyzed. The binding sites for FSH and LH were demonstrated in postmenopausal ovarian tissue. The surface-binding sites for gonadotropins were localized in the cells of cortical stroma of the postmenopausal ovary. In addition, diffuse cytoplasmic staining of endogenous estrogen and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity were detected immunohistochemically and histochemically in the cells of the cortical stroma. Electron microscopic study also suggested steroidogenic function in the cells of the cortical stroma. The results of the present study suggest that postmenopausal ovaries contain specific binding sites for pituitary gonadotropins and play a role in ovarian steroidogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of recurrent endometrial cancer (clear cell adenocarcinoma) remarkably responsive to combination chemotherapy containing cisplatin].

A 60-year-old woman with recurrent stage II endometrial cancer (clear cell adenocarcinoma) was treated with combination chemotherapy containing cisplatin (CDDP). She had undergone abdominal radical hysterectomy (Okabayashi operation) and pelvic lymph node dissections. Endometrial cancerous tissue infiltrated the cervix and lymph nodes. Six months after the operation, the patient had ascites and dyspnea. She was given 25 mg CDDP intra-abdominally and combination chemotherapy containing CDDP (CAP: CDDP 100 mg, ADR 30 mg, CAP 500 mg) three times intravenously. After an administration of CDDP and combination chemotherapy, the amount of ascites and the serum level of CA 125 decreased remarkably. Although the combination chemotherapy containing CDDP for gynecological malignancy has not been sufficiently evaluated as for ovarian carcinomas, the therapy deserves further evaluation in patients with recurrent of endometrial cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Masked gonadotropin-binding sites in human corpora lutea during menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

To evaluate the possible existence of masked receptors for luteinizing hormone (LH)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the human corpus luteum, we examined the effect of neuraminidase pretreatment on the specific binding of (125I)hLH to luteal particulates obtained from 11 patients during the menstrual cycle and 4 patients during early pregnancy. The pretreatment with neuraminidase significantly enhanced the specific binding of hLH to corpora lutea at the different stages of the luteal phase. Scatchard analyses revealed that neuraminidase increased the number of LH binding sites without altering the affinity for LH. Furthermore, the specific binding of hLH to human corpora lutea during pregnancy significantly increased after the pretreatment with neuraminidase. The data suggest that distinct populations of receptors for LH/hCG are masked within the human luteal cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Glucagonoma syndrome.

A 53-year-old Japanese man with a skin eruption characteristic of glucagonoma syndrome had had misdiagnoses for 10 years. The plasma glucagon level was not abnormally high on the first admission, and 4 years later the level was elevated as determined by the 30 gm arginine tolerance test. An alpha cell carcinoma detected in the tail of the pancreas was associated with a lymph node metastasis; the skin eruption cleared up 10 days after the partial pancreatectomy with lymphadenectomy. The clinical features of glucagonoma syndrome should be given attention.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1988

Pituitary and testicular response to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in normal and sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinaemic men.

Pituitary and testicular response to an intravenous infusion of 480 micrograms luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) for 8 hours (1 microgram/min) was investigated in 8 male volunteers in normal and hyperprolactinaemic state. Eight normal men were given 150 mg of sulpiride daily for 14 days. Serum prolactin (PRL) levels were elevated significantly, but basal serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) did not change following daily oral administration of sulpiride in 8 normal men. Eight men showed biphasic LH response to LHRH infusion in both normal and hyperprolactinaemic state, and there was a rather exaggerated response in serum LH concentration in hyperprolactinaemic state. Serum FSH response to LHRH was similar in normal and hyperprolactinaemic state. Although slight increase in serum testosterone concentration was observed during LHRH infusion in normal and hyperprolactinaemic state, the statistical difference was not significant. The result of the present study suggests that the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, as measured by serum gonadotrophin and testosterone responses, is well reserved.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Gonadotrophin dependence of steroidogenesis by human corpora lutea of different ages during the menstrual cycle.

In vitro production of progesterone and estradiol by human corpora lutea of different ages was evaluated in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). Progesterone production by the luteal tissue was enhanced by as little as 0.1 IU/ml HCG and maximally stimulated by approximately 10 IU/ml HCG. Estradiol production was enhanced by 100 IU/ml HCG. Under control conditions, the synthetic activities of progesterone and estradiol were highest in the luteal tissue isolated from the mid-luteal phase corpora lutea and were lowest in the late luteal phase corpora lutea. The addition of HCG (100 IU/ml) stimulated progesterone and estradiol production by early and mid-luteal phase corpora lutea, whereas HCG had no effects on steroidogenesis by late luteal phase corpora lutea. The results suggest that the age of the corpus luteum might be an important factor governing luteal cell responsiveness to gonadotrophins.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Birth order in delivery of twins.

A comparison between the first-born twin A and the second-born twin B was made in 103 pairs of twins delivered vaginally at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wakayama Medical College, and at Kosaka Women's Hospital. The twins were compared for birth weight, 1- and 5-min Apgar scores, and umbilical blood gas and pH. Although the mean values showed no significant difference in birth weight between twin A and twin B, the 1- and 5-min Apgar scores were higher for twin A, and the incidence of low 1- and 5-min Apgar scores was greater for twin B. The B twins with a birth weight less than 2,500 g or delivered in the nonvertex presentation were especially at disadvantage. Blood gas analysis revealed a significant difference favoring twin A in umbilical PO2 and PCO2. The results of the present study suggest that there are differences at birth favoring the A twins despite similar perinatal mortality for both and that the B twins are at disadvantage.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1987

Serum gonadotrophin and sex steroid hormone levels during mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases in hyperprolactinaemic women with regular menstrual cycles.

Hyperprolactinaemia was found in 15 of 135 infertile patients with regular menstrual cycles, biphasic basal body temperature record and no galactorrhoea. In those 15 women, mean serum prolactin levels during the mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle were 29.8 (SEM 1.8) ng/ml and 29.5 (SEM 1.3) ng/ml, respectively. Although serum FSH and LH levels were similar in normal and hyperprolactinaemic women, serum oestradiol level during the mid-follicular phase was subnormal in hyperprolactinaemic women (P less than 0.05). In contrast, serum oestradiol and progesterone levels during the mid-luteal phase and luteal phase length were similar in normoprolactinaemic and hyperprolactinaemic groups. The results suggest that hyperprolactinaemia is associated with defects of follicle development as measured by oestradiol production during the mid-follicular phase, but not with corpus luteum function as measured by progesterone production during the mid-luteal phase, and luteal phase length.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pelvic angiography in malignant trophoblastic disease.

Pelvic angiography was analyzed in 24 patients with malignant trophoblastic disease. Abnormal findings such as prominent uterine arteries, hypervascularity of the uterus, arteriovenous shunts, tumor staining and pooling were observed. Translucency was observed in all patients with choriocarcinoma. This finding was observed in only 3 of 11 patients (27.3%) with invasive mole and was not apparent in patients with an undetermined group. These differences were statistically significant. Translucency of pelvic angiography in malignant trophoblastic disease was more suggestive of choriocarcinoma than of invasive mole. Thus, translucency in pelvic angiography may be a distinctive finding with which to differentiate choriocarcinoma from invasive mole, without resection of the uterus.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

The effect of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) on steroidogenesis by the human luteal tissue.

The effect of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) on progesterone and estradiol production was studied in human luteal tissue. Tissue slices were incubated in Ham's F-10 medium under an atmosphere of 95% O2: 5% CO2 at 37 degrees C for 4 h. Slices were treated with or without human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the presence or absence of LHRH. HCG stimulated progesterone and estradiol production by human luteal tissue in a time- and dose-related manner. LHRH stimulated the basal progesterone production in five (one early luteal and four mid-luteal) of 17 corpora lutea, and stimulated the basal estradiol production in three (all mid-luteal) of 16 corpora lutea. On the other hand, LHRH inhibited HCG-stimulated progesterone production in four (two early luteal and two mid-luteal) of 22 corpora lutea, and inhibited HCG-stimulated estradiol production in four (one early luteal and three mid-luteal) of 18 corpora lutea. In the acute short-term incubations of human luteal tissue, therefore, LHRH had little effect on basal and HCG-stimulated steroidogenesis. However, in a few corpora lutea taken in the early or mid-luteal phase, LHRH stimulated basal steroidogenesis and inhibited HCG-stimulated steroidogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Feedback of estrogen in postmenopausal women.

The effect of exogenous estrogen on gonadotropin secretion was studied in postmenopausal women. Twelve postmenopausal Japanese women were administered 40 micrograms/day of ethinyl estradiol (EE) orally throughout the study. The ages of the volunteers ranged between 51 and 86 years. In the fourth week of the study, a daily dose of 200 micrograms of EE was also given orally to each subject for 4 days. The original administration of 40 micrograms/day of EE resulted in a gradual decline in both FSH and LH during the treatment. The degree of change in percent in decrease of FSH release was greater than that of LH release. When EE 200 micrograms/day was also given for 4 consecutive days a positive feedback action in both the FSH and LH levels was evident. The duration to the peak of the positive feedback action in LH and FSH was 5.3 and 4.4 days, respectively. These results suggest that the negative and positive feedback actions of estrogen on FSH and LH release are preserved in postmenopausal women.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Gonadotropin binding sites in human ovarian follicles and corpora lutea during the menstrual cycle.

Gonadotropin binding sites were localized by autoradiography after incubation of human ovarian sections with 125I-labeled gonadotropins. The binding sites for 125I-labeled human follicle-stimulating hormone (125I-hFSH) were identified in the granulosa cells and in the newly formed corpora lutea. The 125I-labeled human luteinizing hormone (125I-hLH) binding to the thecal cells increased during follicular maturation, and a dramatic increase was preferentially observed in the granulosa cells of the large preovulatory follicle. In the corpora lutea, the binding of 125I-hLH increased from the early luteal phase and decreased toward the late luteal phase. The changes in 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the corpora lutea corresponded to the 125I-hLH binding. Thus, the changes in gonadotropin binding sites in the follicles and corpora lutea during the menstrual cycle may help in some important way to regulate human ovarian function.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1986

Effects of sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia on human ovarian follicles during the late follicular phase.

The effect of hyperprolactinemia during the midfollicular through the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle on follicular development and follicular fluid hormone concentrations was studied. Fourteen women underwent laparotomy in the late follicular phase for gynecologic reasons; 6 were treated with sulpiride daily from the midfollicular to the late follicular phase (sulpiride group) and 8 received no treatment (control group). Daily administration of sulpiride (150 mg orally) significantly elevated serum prolactin (PRL) levels in all six women. In the small follicles (less than or equal to 8 mm in diameter), follicular fluid 17 beta-estradiol (E2) concentration was significantly lower (P less than 0.01), and testosterone (T) concentration was higher (P less than 0.05) in the sulpiride group. In the large follicles (greater than or equal to 9 mm in diameter), however, follicular fluid E2 and T concentrations showed no significant differences between the sulpiride and control groups. In the sulpiride group, the mean diameters of the follicles were significantly smaller than in the control group (P less than 0.01). These observations suggest that PRL exerts a suppressive effect on the smaller but not the larger follicles during the late follicular phase.

Adult↗