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Biomedical subjects

R Nakamura

Publications and source records attributed to R Nakamura.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Hematogenous metastasis in pancreatic cancer].

Out of 248 pancreatic cancer patients, 82 with hematogenous metastases were clinicopathologically analyzed. The incidence of hematogenous metastases on laparotomy were 31% in the liver, 1.2% in the lung, and 0.4% in the adrenal gland and navel. The incidence of liver metastasis, which was present in 23% and 46% of the patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas and of the body and tail of the pancreas, respectively, was higher than that of carcinomas of the other digestive organs. In the autopsy findings of the cases submitted to tumor resection, early metastases to the liver, lung, cerebellum and ovary were recognized to have occurred postoperatively. A higher rate of liver metastasis with lymph node involvement in the early stage of the disease was peculiar to pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of increased systemic venous pressure on thoracic duct and peripheral lymph flow in dogs.

In congestive heart failure, lymph flow from the cannulated thoracic duct is greatly increased. However, there has been scant data on lymph flow in the intact lymphatic system with systemic circulatory congestion. In the present study, thoracic duct and peripheral lymph flow were qualitatively determined using heated cross-thermocouples in seven mongrel dogs. Central venous pressure was raised artificially by infusing large volumes of crystalloid solution equivalent to a maximum of 30% of body weight. Although both thoracic duct and peripheral lymph flow increased with an intact (closed) lymphatic system, the increase was notably less than with a transected (opened) cervical thoracic duct. With systemic circulatory congestion, cannulated thoracic duct lymph flow circumvents a major lymph impediment to lymph flow (i.e. high central venous pressure) and therefore considerably overestimates in vivo central lymph flow in this condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Presence of zoonotic pathogens (Yersinia spp., Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp., and Leptospira spp.) simultaneously in dogs and cats.

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of zoonotic pathogens simultaneously in animals. The isolation of human pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye), Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yp), Campylobacter jejuni (Cj), Salmonella spp. (Sal) and Leptospira spp. (Lep) in 318 cats and 252 dogs were performed in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. A total of 13 isolates of Yp (4 strains) and Sal (9 strains) were recovered from intestine and/or mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of 13 cats (4.1%) but not Ye, and Cj was not examined. A total of 88 isolates of Ye (15 dogs, 15 strains), Yp (16 dogs, 16 strains), Cj (10 dogs, 13 strains) and Sal (39 dogs, 44 strains) were recovered from intestine and/or MLN of 76 dogs (30.2%). Two species of Ye O3, Cj and Sal were recovered from either intestine or MLN of 4 dogs but not from cats. Lep was not detected in dogs and cats kidney. The 101 isolates from dogs and cats belonged to Ye 3B/O3/II (biotype/serotype/phage type) (2 strains), 4/O3/VIII (10 strains) and 2/O5,27 (3 strains), Yp serotypes 1b, 2b (each 3 strains), 2c (2 strains), 4a (2 strains), 4b (4 strains), 5a (5 strains) and 7 (1 strain), Cj serotypes TCK 9, 13, 26 (each 1 strain), 21 (2 strains) and untypable (8 strains) and 24 serotypes of Sal. Ye O3 and Yp were detected frequently in cold months. There was no definite seasonal variation of Ye O5,27 Cj and Sal in internal origin of dogs and cats. Ye O3, Yp and Cj were counted at 10(2) to 10(7) cells per g of the jejunal-to-rectal contents, but Sal at less than 10(2) cells per g of the intestinal contents. Ye O3, Yp and Sal were recovered from mesenteric lymph nodes, but not Ye O5,27 and Cj.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Epidermal growth factor binding is altered in pancreatic acini from diabetic rats.

The effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding were studied in rat pancreatic acini. 125I-EGF binding was one-half maximal at 20 min, and maximal at 90 min. Saturation data revealed a decreased binding capacity in diabetic acini when compared with normal acini. Insulin, in vivo, normalized the decreased binding capacity. 125I-EGF internalization was also decreased in diabetic rat acini. Further, the inhibitory effect of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK8) on cell-associated 125I-EGF radioactivity was significantly greater in diabetic than in normal rat acini. These findings suggest that insulin deficiency may lead to defective regulation of the exocrine pancreas by EGF.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Glycylprolyl-diaminopeptidase in human leukocytes: selective occurrence in T lymphocytes and influence on the total serum enzyme activity.

Using biochemical methods glycylprolyl-diaminopeptidase (GP-DAP, EC 3.4.14.5) was measured in purified leukocyte subpopulations and found selectively in T lymphocytes. In 129 subjects with normal hepatic function a significant correlation was observed between the serum GP-DAP activity and the peripheral blood lymphocyte count. In four patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, four weeks of thoracic duct drainage resulted in a reduction of the peripheral blood lymphocyte count and a concomitant decrease of the serum GP-DAP activity. These observations suggest that lymphocytic GP-DAP may contribute to the total serum GP-DAP activity.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

In vitro and in vivo effect of proglumide on cholecystokinin-stimulated amylase release in mouse pancreatic acini.

The effect of proglumide on cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated amylase release was studied in vitro and in vivo in dispersed acini from mouse pancreas. In an in vitro study, proglumide at concentrations between 0.3-10 mM inhibited CCK-stimulated amylase release dose-dependently, while proglumide did not influence the basal amylase release at concentrations between 0-3 mM. Dose-response curves to CCK for amylase release shifted to the right with increase in proglumide concentration. This inhibition by proglumide was reversible. In addition, the effect of proglumide was selective for CCK and its related peptide, and this drug did not inhibit other secretagogues such as carbachol or gastrin releasing peptide in mouse acini. In contrast to its inhibitory effect in vitro, in vivo administration of proglumide (500 mg/kg/day, i.p., for 5 days) to mice did not cause the rightward shift of the dose-response curve to CCK for amylase release from dispersed acini.

Amylases↗
PubMed1984

Ecological studies of Yersinia enterocolitica. II. Experimental infection with Y. enterocolitica in pigs.

Fattening pigs were inoculated with the human pathogenic strains of Yersinia enterocolitica, biovar 4 serovar 3 phagovar 8 and biovar 2 serovar 5.27. Each pig received 2.6 X 10(9) organisms by catheter into the stomach and thereafter 10% sodium bicarbonate solution, by the same route. The serovar 3 strain became established in the intestines of four out of six 11-week-old pigs and in all three 24-week-old pigs. Serovar 5.27 established in the intestines of all four 10-week-old pigs. In these pigs, both serovars were excreted in the feces at 10(2)-10(6) cells g-1 for a few weeks. However, the serovar 5.27 was excreted in the feces at less than 10(3.3) cells g-1 for 2 weeks by 24-week-old pigs. Horizontal transmission with the serovar 5.27 strain was observed on the 5th-11th day, and the bacteria were present in the intestines during the 2nd week. However, the serum titers to O-agglutinin were 1/10 and less, but in one pig, the titer was 1/40 against serovar 5.27 strain.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Prospective systematic study of Yersinia spp. in dogs.

A total of 93 Yersinia spp. were isolated from 68 of 252 dogs in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. The Yersinia spp. were 70 Yersinia enterocolitica isolates from 50 dogs, 2 Yersinia frederiksenii isolates from 2 dogs, 5 Yersinia intermedia isolates from 5 dogs, and 16 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolates from 16 dogs. Fifteen of 70 Y. enterocolitica isolates belonged to biotype 4 serotype O3 phagotype 8 (6 isolates), biotype 4 (maltose negative) serotype O3 phagotype 8 (4 isolates), biotype 3 (Voges-Proskauer and sorbose negative) serotype O3 phagotype 9 (2 isolates), and biotype 2 serotype O5.27 (3 isolates). The other 55 Y. enterocolitica isolates belonged to biotype 1 and were classified into serotypes O4, O5, O7 .8, O9, O10 , O12 , O13 .7, O14 , O15 , and untypable. Sixteen Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates belonged to serotypes IB (two), IIB (two), IVA (two), IVB (three), VA (five), and untypable (two). These isolates were mostly detected in cold months. Y. enterocolitica serotype O3 and Y. pseudotuberculosis were isolated more frequently from puppies. Y. enterocolitica serotype O3 was recovered at less than 10(7.0) cells per g of the jejunal-to-rectal contents and at less than 10(2) cells per g of mesenteric lymph nodes. Y. pseudotuberculosis was recovered at less than 10(4.3) cells per g of the cecal-to-rectal contents and at less than 10(2.9) cells per g of mesenteric lymph nodes. Almost all strains of Y. enterocolitica biotype 1, Y. intermedia, and Y. frederiksenii were recovered at less than 10(2) cells per g of gastric-to-rectal contents.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Right hemisphere dominance in arousal induced by facilitating positions.

To clarify whether there is left-right difference in arousal induced by position changes, vocal reaction times (RTs) were measured at three different positions of the arms for 10 normal subjects. RTs at the facilitating position of either arm were faster than RTs at the neutral position, and RTs at the facilitating position of the left arm were faster than those of the right. The results indicate that the left facilitating position is more effective for increasing arousal than the right one.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1984

Distribution of alpha-adrenergic receptors in the rabbit nephron.

In order to determine the distribution of alpha-adrenergic receptors within a nephron, a method was used to determine the specific binding of [3H]-prazosin to isolated fragments of rabbit renal tubules. When 10(-8) moles/liter [3H]-prazosin was incubated with proximal convoluted tubules, 61.4% of total binding was accounted for specific binding. The [3H]-prazosin binding to the proximal convoluted tubule was a linear function of the tubular length and reversible. It was inhibited with 10(-4) moles/liter phenoxybenzamine by about 60%, and with 10(-4) moles/liter norepinephrine by about 25%, but not with either atenolol or isoproterenol. No specific binding of [3H]-prazosin was observed in the proximal straight tubule and in the cortical collecting tubule. These data are in good agreement with the view that alpha-1 adrenergic receptors are mainly distributed in the proximal convoluted tubules.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Arousal response induced by postural changes in patients with subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy, "SMON".

In reaction time (RT) experiments, shifts of arousal level induced by postural changes were examined in 10 normal subjects and 10 patients with SMON. Vocal RTs were recorded at neutral position (N) and facilitating position of the left arm (FA) or the left leg (FL). RT-ratios between two positions, FA/N and FL/N, were used as variables to estimate the arousing effect of facilitating positions. Also the correlations between these variables and several clinical signs such as patellar tendon reflex (PTR), sensory disturbance and dysesthesia were calculated. The grade of dysesthesia was strongly related to FL/N. It is assumed that proprioceptive input from the lower extremities causes abnormally high arousal response in patients with dysesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Influence of arm positions on EMG-reaction time of the biceps brachii for elbow flexion and forearm supination.

The influence of starting positions of the arm on EMG-RTs of the biceps brachii muscle for elbow flexion and forearm supination was examined using 16 normal subjects. Two angles of the elbow joint, 45 degrees and 110 degrees flexion, and two positions of the forearm, 45 degrees supination and 90 degrees pronation, were used as the factorial combinations of all four. The EMG-RT for elbow flexion decreased in the order of 110 degrees Pronation greater than 45 degrees Pronation = 110 degrees Supination greater than 45 degrees Supination, and that for forearm supination decreased in the order of 45 degrees Supination greater than 45 degrees Pronation = 110 degrees Supination greater than 110 degrees Pronation. These results were kinesiologically interpreted that variations of EMG-RTs were based on the change in the number of synergic muscles participating in an intended movement and the muscle length of the prime mover at the start of the movement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Two components of motor time: the tension lag and the tension-developing phase.

Motor time (MT) of the rectus femoris muscle for knee extension under loading on the leg with different weights and latency of isometric tension from the onset of electromyographic activities of the muscle were examined in 7 normal men. MT was linearly related to weights-loaded, indicating that the rate of rapid development of tension was almost linear even in its early phase. MT without a load obtained by calculation using the regression equation and the estimated weight of the leg and foot coincided with latency of isometric tension. It is assumed that MT is composed of two consecutive phases, a tension-lag phase and a rapid tension-developing phase.

Adult↗