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Biomedical subjects

R Naccarato

Publications and source records attributed to R Naccarato.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Epithelial dysplasia in endoscopic gastric mucosal biopsies.

To define the frequency of gastric epithelial dysplasia (precancerous lesion), 1463 biopsies from 842 endoscopically studied patients were reassessed. Mild dysplasia was found in 19.9% of the cases, moderate in 4.1%, severe in 0.95%. Since the clinical and biological significance of the lesion is still an open question, indications for follow-up are discussed in the light of personal views, together with a critical evaluation of the recently proposed classifications.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

Role of trypsin/creatinine clearance ratio in the differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatic disease.

Trypsin/creatinine clearance ratio--a recently proposed screening test for pancreatic cancer--was assessed in 45 subjects (17 control subjects, 15 patients with pancreatic cancer, and 13 with chronic pancreatitis). A statistically significant increase of the ratio was detected not only in pancreatic cancer, but also in chronic calcifying pancreatitis. Thus, the previously reported clinical usefulness of the test in pancreatic cancer diagnosis was not substantiated by the present data. Although not fully investigated as yet, reasons for an abnormal ratio are probably independent of the neoplastic or inflammatory nature of the pancreatic disease. Science renal enzyme excretion (alpha-glucosidase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, leucine aminopeptidase) was not found to be invariably elevated when trypsin/creatinine clearance ratio was increased, tubular damage cannot be assumed as constituting the only reason for an altered clearance ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Renal handling of sodium and water in early chronic liver disease. Evidence for a reduced natriuretic activity of the cirrhotic urinary extracts in rats.

Acute expansion of extracellular fluid volume during maximal water diuresis was induced in 8 chronic liver disease patients without clinical evidence of fluid retention, and in 8 controls. Fractional reabsorption of sodium was inferred in the proximal tubule, in the ascending limb of Henle's loop, and in the more distal site of the tubule. The results indicate that the significantly reduced increment of sodium excretion in cirrhotic patients was due to its augmented reabsorption in the proximal tubule. To establish whether there was a reduced activity of a natriuretic factor, a biologic assay was performed in 16 albino Wistar rats by using urine samples collected immediately after completion of a saline load and processed with gel filtration. The infusion of this fraction resulted in a significant lowering of the increment of urine output, and absolute and fractional sodium excretion only in the rats infused with urine extracts from cirrhotic patients. The results of this study raise the possibility that a reduced production of a natriuretic factor may play some role in the pathogenesis of sodium retention, which is observed in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hepatitis B virus serum markers (HBsAg, antiHBs, antiHBc): prevalence among drug addicts in north-east Italy.

Sera from 128 drug addicts without overt liver disease living in North-East Italy were tested for HBsAg, antiHBs, antiHBc. HBV infection serum evidence was present in 79.6% of the tested subjects: 14 (10.93%) were found to be HBsAG¿76 (59.3%) antiHBs+ and 12 (9.37%) had antiHBc alone. The overall prevalence of HBV infection was four fold higher than that observed in age matched controls. Our figures are essentially in agreement with those observed in low HBV prevalence countries, indicating that drug addicts are a peculiar group, highly exposed to HBV infection irrespective of the entity of HBV circulation in a given population. However, the risk of HBsAg chronicity is not enhanced in drug abusers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

"Plasma"-type ribonuclease in pancreatic cancer diagnosis: a critical appraisal.

The so-called "plasma" ribonuclease (RNase), described as increased in most patients with pancreatic cancer, was studied in the blood of 92 subjects utilizing the method of Reddi and Holland, to evaluate its reliability in detecting pancreatic tumors. A significant increase of "plasma" RNase was found in pancreatic cancer (p less than 0.01) as compared with controls, non-calcifying chronic pancreatitis (p less than 0.01), calcifying chronic pancreatitis (p less than 0.01), and chronic recurrent pancreatitis (p less than 0.01). Nevertheless increased "plasma" RNase activity was also found in 18/43 patients with chronic pancreatitis, as well as in the majority of the non-pancreatic malignant tumors studied. Furthermore, in 2 out of 22 subjects with pancreatic cancer the enzyme activity was found to be normal. These data suggest that increased "plasma" RNase, although very frequent in pancreatic cancer, is not a marker of pancreatic malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Viral hepatitis type A. Seroepidemiological study in Padova and its district].

In order to ascertain the real frequency of HAV infection in North-East of Italy a seroepidemiologic survey was carried out on the population of Padova and its district. The serum samples obtained from 1812 subjects (approximately the 2% of registered people) subdivided according to sex and age (5 to 5 year groups), were tested for anti-HA by radioimmunoassay. The mean prevalence of anti-HA was 69.2%. Positive subjects' frequency of 50% was reached in 15-20 year-old group, whereas more than 90% of people over 35 years of age were positive. No significant differences were observed between the sexes or between town and country populations, while the increase of the anti-HA prevalence curve was delayed in the higher socioeconomic level group. These findings testify the relevant socioeconomic and public health levels improvement in the last decades, while, on the other hand, point out the increasing risk of adulthood HAV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[The microsomal antibody (LKM) in liver pathology: its association with other autoantibodies].

Twenty patients found LKM antibody positive during the routine screening for autoantibodies, were studied for the association with other autoantibodies. Sixteen sera (80%) were found positive either for ANA (50%) or SMA (50%) or both (20%). Eleven patients (55%) were over 40 years old, 3 patients were HBsAg+ve, 4 have toxic and alcohol-related liver disease. These results provide evidence that the LKM antibody is not confined to young people chronic active hepatitis, but is present also in CALD of adult with various etiology. Its association with other autoantibodies (especially ANA) suggest that also LKM could be a marker of autoimmunity. The presence of ANA may be an expression of more severe stages of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

CEA concentration and cytology in duodenal fluid collected during the Secretin-Pancreozymin test. Attempt at an early diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma by means of simple procedure.

CEA concentration in juice collected during the Secretin-Pancreozymin test, and cytology were evaluated in order to establish whether they may be used as an aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma before resorting to x-ray examinations. Thirty-three subjects were studied: 6 normal subjects, 12 with chronic pancreatitis, 3 after recovery from acute pancreatitis, 8 with gall-stones, 3 with carcinoma of the pancreas and 1 with cancer of the biliary tract. Three duodenal juice samples (at 30, 60 and 90 mins of hormonal infusion) were taken in each subject for CEA, cytology, bicarbonate and trypsin determinations. Although a significant statistical difference was noted between normal subjects and patients with carcinoma of the pancreas in the 30-min-juice sample, CEA concentration in the duodenal juice did not seem a reliable index in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. The information provided by cytology was also very scanty and sometimes misleading. The clinical picture and radiological investigation still remain the surest basis for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Incidence of skin changes during active chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Comparison with normal controls].

The frequency of the principal skin changes held to be typical of chronic diseases of the liver has been evaluated together with the frequency of diseases of primarily dermatological interest in a group of 116 chronic liver patients (73 with cirrhosis, 43 with active chronic hepatitis) and in a group of 90 controls comparable by sex and age. The frequency of skin changes secondary to liver disease was statistically higher in the patients with respect to the control group. The incidence of primarily skin diseases associated with liver disease was, by contrast, extremely rare. The simultaneous presence of spiders, hepatic palms and white nails was observed in 21% of the chronic liver patients, while it was never encountered in the controls. Clinical observation of these changes (particularly the triad mentioned) is therefore highly indicative of chronic liver disease, even without a significant clinical history.

Adult↗