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Biomedical subjects

R Nüesch

Publications and source records attributed to R Nüesch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Hearing loss after discontinuing secondary prophylaxis for cryptococcal meningitis: relapse or immune reconstitution?

Relapse and immune reconstitution syndrome are difficult to distinguish in HIV-infected patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). We report on a 26-year-old HIV-infected male (CDC C3) with hearing loss on the right side 2 months after discontinuing secondary prophylaxis for cryptococcal meningitis. CD4 cell counts had increased from 32/microl to stable counts > 200/microl for the preceding 6 months on ART but HIV replication was not fully suppressed (7,000 copies/ml). Magnetic resonance imaging identified lesions at the origin of the right cranial nerve VIII. Lumbar puncture revealed monocytic pleocytosis, slightly increased protein, but normal glucose and lactate levels, negative microbiological studies. Fluconazole was restarted and a new ART regimen was started in order to fully suppress HIV replication. Clinical and radiological signs were reversible during follow-up, and secondary prophylaxis was stopped after 6 months without adverse events. We review 26 published cases of cryptococcal infections with immune reconstitution syndrome and highlight the distinguishing features.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2006

Phosphorus removal and recovery from wastewater by tobermorite-seeded crystallisation of calcium phosphate.

Investigations were focused on the development of a technology for phosphorus (P) recovery straight from wastewater. Facing the finiteness of the natural resources of this essential nutrient, the declared goal must be the sustainable use of available phosphorus sinks such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) for the generation of P rock substitutes. A feasible method for simultaneous elimination and recovery of phosphorus from wastewater proved to be the P-RoC process - the phosphorus recovery from wastewater by induced crystallisation of calcium phosphate, applying tobermorite-rich waste compounds of the construction industry. The experiments were performed in fixed bed-, stirred- and expanded bed reactors in laboratory--as well as in pilot-scale experiments. The efficiency and longevity of the P-RoC process was determined by the supply of Ca ions and the initial P concentration. Total P (P-tot) contents in the generated crystallisation products of up to 13% P-tot (30% P2O5) were achieved. Mineralogical investigations proved the formation of a hydroxy-apatite-(HAP)-like coating onto the seed material's surface. Reuse options for the generated crystallisation products, such as substitute for phosphate rock or as new fertiliser, were assessed.

Calcium Compounds↗
PubMed2005

[Worms and the lung].

Due to international travel and migration helminthic infections are increasingly imported to countries were they are not endemic. A vast variety of helminthes may involve the lung. The lungs are either site of the infection or temporarily involved during maturation of helminthic larvae. In many affected patients the clinical picture is not specific and not typical. A thorough patient's history including a detailed travel history will lead to diagnosis, which must be confirmed by detecting the parasite either directly or with serological tests. The appropriate method depends on the parasite suspected and its life cycle within the human body. A combination of these methods will show the best results for most helminthes. As specific therapy is widely available for most helminthiases a precise diagnosis is important.

Anthelmintics↗
PubMed2005

Phosphate elimination and recovery from wastewater by active filtration using crushed gas concrete.

Laboratory long-term upstream fixed-bed experiments were carried out to investigate the efficiency of phosphorus elimination with the effluent of a biological sewage treatment plant using crushed gas concrete. The development of the pH-value in the column outflow as well as the reaction kinetics was investigated. Furthermore, the phosphorus yield was balanced for phosphorus recovery and the calcium phosphate compounds generated were specified by mineralogical analysis methods. These activities were followed by a study with respect to the suitability of the material as raw material for the phosphate industry.

Construction Materials↗
PubMed2001

[Lymphadenopathy].

Lymphadenopathy is a very common problem that affects patients of all ages. Differential diagnosis is extensive, in general lymph nodes that have been present for longer than 1 month and measure more than 1 x 1 cm should be considered for further examinations, including laboratory testing and biopsy for histological and microbiological examinations.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Q fever].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Thrombocytopenia after kidney transplantation.

We report a case of posttransplant malaria in which the patient developed progressive thrombocytopenia after receiving living related donor kidney transplantation. The donor, who flew in from Sri Lanka for the procedure, had suffered from malaria 18 months earlier. Malaria should be suspected in transplant patients receiving organs from donors originating from countries with a high prevalence of malaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The Lower Cation Exchange Capacity Limit of Montmorillonite.

Wyoming montmorillonite (Volclay) with different charges were produced by Li-incorporation and the interlayer cations were replaced by tetramethyl ammonium. Their XRD pattern showed a regular sequence of expanded and collapsed interlayers. The regularly interstratified structure corresponds to a regularity of Reichweite R = 1. The expanded part of the interlayers was calculated by comparing XRD pattern with simulations using NEWMOD software. The calculations of the cation exchange capacity CEC for the expanded interlayer part gives a constant value of 65 +/- 2 mmol/100 g fully swellable montmorillonite. This value is denoted as the lower CEC limit of montmorillonite. We propose a model which considers montmorillonite to be a stacked two-dimensional polyelectrolyte. The model propose that interlayers of the stack collapse spontaneously by cation shifting into the neighboring interlayers, if the charge density of a montmorillonite has a value below the lower CEC value. The shifted cations of the collapsed interlayer increase the charge density in the neighboring interlayers and prevent their collapse. A regularly interstratified structure arises with the sequence expanded/collapsed/expanded interlayer, which can be observed by XRD. The behavior of low charged montmorillonite is explained with the properties of a two-dimensional polyelectrolyte. Below the critical layer charge, the Van der Waals forces dominate over electrostatic repulsive forces and the interlayers collapse. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗