Biomedical subjects

R Muschter

Publications and source records attributed to R Muschter.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1979

[Gynaecomastia and mammography (author's transl)].

The term gynaecomastia indicates an increase in the mass of the normally rudimentary male breast; morphologically there is hyperplasia and differentiation of the epithelial and mesenchymal breast components. Gynaecomastia is not a disease in itself, but a symptom of some underlying disease or the result of drugs. Of 2895 breast operations performed at the surgical clinic of the University of Göttingen, 2.97% were operations on men with gynaecomastia. Amongst 79222 mammograms in the Radiological Clinic of the University, there were 900 mammograms (1.14%) of 392 men with gynaecomastia. Most benign and malignant conditions in men are retromammary in localisation. For this reason clinical evaluation is frequently wrong. The use of mammography as an additional diagnostic method in men is therefore more important than it is in women. Systematic analysis of the mammograms performed on men has made possible a classification of gynaecomastia according to the radiological appearances: I Septal linear structures (8.5%), II Opacities of varying density and size (26.5%), III Circular, usually inhomogenous shadows (15.5%), IV Homogeneous, demarcated foci of varying size (35.5%), V Soft-tissue hyperplasia-pseudo-gynaecomastia (10%).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

[Differential diagnosis of gynaecomastia in the mammogram (author's transl)].

The purely clinical examination of swelling in the region of the male mammary gland involves a high error quota and must, therefore, be supplemented by other methods. Mammography has proved to be a reliable diagnostic method in the differential diagnosis of diseases of the mammary gland in the male; this method is of great importance in a positive sense as well. Gynaecomastia, with its typical criteria, must first of all be excluded. This enables the doctor to differentiate between various forms of gynaecomastia and to classify them into a kind of scheme. In all patients over 25 years of age, a carcinoma must be suspected particularly in case of a unilateral finding.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Predictability of the size of laser-induced lesions in T1-Weighted MR images obtained during interstitial laser-induced thermotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The purpose of this study was to predict diameters of lesions induced by laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT) of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from MRI signal/tissue temperature correlations during on-line monitoring with a temperature-sensitive fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence. Twenty LITT procedures with Nd:YAG (1,064 nm) and diode (830 nm) lasers were monitored on line with a T1-weighted FLASH sequence at 1.5 Tesla. Interstitial prostate temperature (T) was measured on line in 10 LITT procedures and laser energy deposition in 12. Slopes of linear regression curves for signal intensity (SI) over T were applied to determine SI at 60 degrees C to estimate diameters of intraprostatic LITT lesions. Diameters of unperfused LITT lesion cores in contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images served as gold standards. Linear regression curves with an average slope of -.54% SI/degrees C were obtained in 17 LITT procedures. Correlation coefficients were r = .92-.95 for SI/T and SI/energy deposition. Baseline variation of SI at body temperature was +/-3.9%, corresponding to +/-7 degrees C. Prediction of size (13 lesions) from on-line FLASH imaging was correct in 10 of 13, whereas 3 lesions were overestimated. Prediction of LITT lesion diameters from on-line MRI monitoring is possible with a temperature-sensitive FLASH sequence in the prostate. Accuracy may suffice to assign target regions of interest to tissue locations to be protected from coagulation.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Postoperative MRI in patients undergoing interstitial laser coagulation thermotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

OBJECTIVE: We conducted MRI of the effects of laser-induced thermal therapy (LITT) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients (average age 64 years) were examined with MRI 24-48 h before and after LITT of BPH. Sagittal and axial T2-weighted FSE MR images were evaluated for signs of coagulation necrosis in the prostate gland and the presence of intra- and extraprostatic edema. RESULTS: Coagulation areas showed as a hypointense central core with a hyperintense rim. Intraprostatic edema led to a volume increase of 18-108% both in the central and in the total gland. Periprostatic edema was severe in preprostatic and prevesical tissue as well as lateral to the prostate, moderate in the presacral space, and mild perirectally and dorsal to the prostate. Follow-up examinations 2 weeks to 6 months after LITT in five patients showed decrease of coagulation necrosis volume, prostate size, and edema. CONCLUSION: MRI appears to be a reliable method to monitor LITT effects in patients with BPH.

Aged↗