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Biomedical subjects

R Munro

Publications and source records attributed to R Munro.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Reverse passive haemagglutination test for the rapid identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and detection of penicillinase production.

In a comparison of the reverse passive haemagglutination test (RPHA) with the direct immunofluorescent and rapid carbohydrate utilisation tests for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from clinical specimens, 315 isolates of oxidase-positive Gram-negative diplococci were tested as pure 24-hour-old subcultures and samples from 108 similar organisms were taken directly from primary isolation plates. A similar test system was used to detect penicillinase production. Results showed agreement in 97.8% of organisms tested with the RPHA and conventional methods for identification of N. gonorrhoeae; similarly there was good agreement with conventional methods for detection of penicillinase production. The test was reliable and could be read within four hours; a result was therefore available on the same day the clinical specimen was received. The time and work involved in identifying N. gonorrhoeae using the RPHA was less than with conventional methods, but differentiation between N. gonorrhoeae and other Neisseria species from throat swabs proved difficult.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patterns of resistance to anaerobic organisms in Australia.

This study investigated patterns of resistance in anaerobic organisms isolated at Westmead Hospital in Sydney, Australia, during the years 1987 to 1988. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to ampicillin, sulbactam/ampicillin, metronidazole, clindamycin, and cefoxitin were determined by agar dilution for 200 anaerobes from clinically significant infections. Antibiotics active against nearly all of these anaerobes included metronidazole and sulbactam/ampicillin, which demonstrated good activity against beta-lactamase producing Bacteroides spp. with the exception of Bacteroides distasonis. Resistance in non-beta-lactamase producing anaerobes was similar to that seen with ampicillin. As expected, ampicillin resistance was common in the Bacteroides fragilis group where beta-lactamase production was frequent. In addition, beta-lactamase was detected in 33% of other Bacteroides spp. Ampicillin resistance was also seen in 5 to 15% of additional anaerobes that did not produce beta-lactamase. Clindamycin resistance occurred in 4 to 18% of the B. fragilis group. Clindamycin resistance was also seen in 7 to 8% of Clostridium spp. and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci. Resistance to cefoxitin was variable in the B. fragilis group with the highest levels of resistance occurring in the indole-negative subgroup. Resistance in other anaerobes was not commonly seen.

Ampicillin↗