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Biomedical subjects

R Mornex

Publications and source records attributed to R Mornex.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyperthyroidism by autonomous metastasis of thyroid carcinoma (author's transl)].

Nine years after surgical ablation of a trabeculo-vesicular carcinoma of the tyroid, a patient developped bone and liver metastasis. She had clinical signs of thyrotoxicosis, clear increase of blood T3 and sligh increase of T4. The TSH secretion was blocked. Exogenous TSH increased iodine uptake in the thyroid and not in the metastasis. After 2 doses of 120 mCi of 131I, she became hypothyroid, the liver was normal and the scan revealed the disappearance of uptake in thyroid and in metastasis. Such a clinical course was previously found in only 10 cases despite the frequent funcitonal differenciation of the metastasis of thyroid carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proceedings: Iodine metabolism in isolated human thyroid cells (hyperplastic goitre and toxic adenoma) (author's transl)].

We present here data on hormone synthesis and thyroxine secretion by isolated human thyroid cells. Thyroid cells were dispersed by trypsinization. Thyroid tissue was surgically obtained from two euthyroid patients with hyperplastic goitre and from two thyrotoxic patients with toxic adenoma. In 6 hr incubation experiments, we observed that isolated human thyroid cells, i) concentrated iodide, ii) synthetized iodothyronines, iii) released thyroxine in the incubation medium. Each parameters was TSH dependant. That thyroxine release was due to a secretion process is suggested by similar and further documented data obtained with isolated hog thyroid cells. This technique may provide further help for thyroid physiopathology investigation in humans.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[New research techniques in human nutrition].

Accurate determination of energy requirement and nutrients metabolism is essential to improve physiological knowledge and for physiopathological purpose in human nutrition. This evaluation is an absolute necessity for food industry. Energy expenditure could be precisely determined by indirect calorimetry or doubly labeled water technic. Nutrients metabolism and substrates turn-over studies are now accessible without health hazard using tracers labelled with stable isotopes. These three methods are the basic tools for the new Research Nutrition Center which are now in progress.

Calorimetry, Indirect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pheochromocytomas].

This study of pheochromocytoma addresses only the four aspects which changed dramatically. The diagnosis depends on the clinical picture, biological tests (plasma methoxamine) and the elimination of catecholamines and their metabolites. Abdominal CT scan localizes the tumor. M.I.B.G. scintigraphy is complementary. When the pheochromocytoma is part of a generalized endocrinopathy (MEN II) familial screening is essential. The incidence of malignant tumours is probably higher than the published 10%; these tumors are either of primary malignancy or malignant after a long latency period. Survival, even in primary malignant tumours is considerable. Multiple localizations are detected by M.I.B.G. scintigraphy and determine the treatment strategy. Surgical therapy with a near zero mortality is the factor which most favourably influenced the prognosis. The still high peroperative morbidity, not prevented by adrenolytic therapy, can be counteracted with appropriate pharmacological agents.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma with [131I]metaiodobenzylguanidine: a French multicenter study.

Six Medical Centers in France were involved in a prospective study evaluating the efficacy of [131I]metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) in the treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma. Fifteen patients aged from 28 to 75 years bearing tumor sites demonstrating a good MIBG uptake were included in this study. Catecholamines were elevated in 13/14 cases, VMA in 9/14 and metanephrines in 13/14. Two to 11 therapeutic activities of 131I-MIBG were administered, with a mean number of therapeutic doses per patient of 4 and a mean single activity of 4.7 GBq (range 2.9 to 9.25 GBq). Seven patients were alive, and seven patients died 6 to 29 months after their first MIBG administration (mean follow-up of 36 months); 1 patient was lost to follow-up. Two patients had a partial tumor response only, 4 had a hormonal response only, and 3 had both a partial tumor response and a hormonal response (complete in 2 cases). Six patients did not respond to the treatment, 4 of them died. Of the 9 responding patients, 4 relapsed, 3 of whom died subsequently. Haematological toxicity was always transient and mild, except in 1 case.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dissociation between the effects of TSH and dibutyryl cAMP on thyroxine secretion by isolated thyroid cells. Similarity of actions on iodide uptake and thyroxine synthesis (author's transl)].

We have compared the effects of TSH and dibutyryl-cAMP (DBC) on three parameters of iodine metabolism in isolated hog thyroid cells: iodide uptake, thyroxine (T4) synthesis and T4 secretion. As WILSON, we observed a similarity between TSH (60 mU/ml) and DBC (3 mM) actions on iodide uptake and T4 synthesis. But DBC did not reproduce the TSH stimulation of T4 secretion. Since TSH increased T4 secretion in the presence of DBC, the lack of effect of DBC was not due to an alteration of the secretory process by DBC. The present observation might suggest that the stimulatory effect of TSH on T4 secretion by isolated thyroid cells is not mediated by the adenyl cyclase-cAMP system, or could indicate that DBC may not act like cAMP on some target enzyme systems.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin-mediated glucose disposal in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects treated by continuous subcutaneous or intraperitoneal insulin fusion.

In order to determine if intraperitoneal insulin infusion could improve the insulin resistance of type 1 diabetic patients we have used the englycaemic insulin clamp technique in order to study the effects of insulin on glucose disposal in four C peptide negative type 1 diabetic patients treated by continuous subcutaneous or intraperitoneal insulin infusion and in five control subjects. Compared to control subjects, the diabetic patients treated by subcutaneous insulin infusion had a decreased maximal capacity of glucose utilization (diabetics: 12.6 +/- 0.3 mg.kg-1.min-1; controls: 15.7 +/- 0.7 mg/kg-1.min-1, p less than 0.01) and a trend towards higher half-maximally effective insulin concentrations (diabetics: 70 +/- 11 mU/l-1, controls: 48 +/- 4 mU/l-1). Treatment of the diabetic patients by intraperitoneal insulin infusion for 2 months decreased their mean peripheral free insulin levels (during subcutaneous infusion: 23.5 +/- 2.2 mU/l-1; during intraperitoneal infusion: 18.4 +/- 1.4 mU/l-1, p less than 0.05). However, mean daily insulin requirements were not decreased (during subcutaneous infusion: 0.59 +/- 0.05 U/kg-1.day-1; during intraperitoneal infusion: 0.57 +/- 0.03 U/kg-1.min-1). Moreover, the diabetic patients had a consistently lower maximal capacity of glucose utilization (12.6 +/- 0.7 mg kg-1.min-1) than control subjects (p less than 0.01) without modification of the half-maximally effective insulin concentration (62 +/- 10 mU.l-1). In conclusion, the only benefit of intraperitoneal insulin infusion was a reduction of peripheral free insulin levels; this decrease of peripheral insulinaemia was not associated with an improvement in the insulin resistance of diabetic patients.

Adult↗