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Biomedical subjects

R Moreau

Publications and source records attributed to R Moreau.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of the short-term prognosis of cirrhotic patients admitted to intensive care, using 4 scoring systems].

A prospective evaluation of 4 scoring systems routinely used as prognostic indexes: 2 in hepatology units (Classification of Child-Turcotte, Classification of Pugh et al.) (specialized systems) and 2 in intensive care units (Acute Physiology Score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score) (non-specialized systems) was undertaken in 61 cirrhotic patients. Overall accuracy, defined as the percentage of survivors and non-survivors correctly classified, was not significantly different whatever the specialized system used (range: 59.0 p. 100 to 75.4 p. 100). Similarly, no difference was observed between the two non-specialized systems (overall accuracy of 81.9 p. 100 for the Acute Physiology Score and of 90.0 p. 100 for the Simplified Acute Physiology Score). However, the overall accuracy given by the Simplified Acute Physiology Score was significantly higher than that obtained with the specialized systems (p less than 0.05). Furthermore, this nonspecialized system was as easy to calculate and more reproducible than the specialized systems. These results suggest that the Simplified Acute Physiology Score may be substituted for the Child-Turcotte and Pugh classifications as a prognostic index in cirrhotic patients admitted to intensive care units.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of glypressin on the splanchnic and systemic circulation in patients with cirrhosis].

Although not demonstrated in patients with cirrhosis, it is generally claimed that administration of vasopressin in the form of triglycyl-lysine-vasopressin (glypressin) may prevent untoward systemic effects of this former hormone. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of intravenous administration of 2 mg of glypressin on splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics in 9 patients with cirrhosis under stable circulatory conditions. One hour after the injection, the following statistically significant changes were observed as compared to the baseline values (m +/- SEM): wedged hepatic venous pressure, -9 +/- 2 p. 100; hepatic venous pressure gradient, -16 +/- 3 p. 100; azygos blood flow, -24 +/- 6 p. 100; heart rate, -16 +/- 3 p. 100; cardiac index, -23 +/- 2 p. 100; systemic vascular resistances, +47 +/- 11 p. 100; wedged pulmonary arterial pressure, +44 +/- 15 p. 100. In conclusion, in patients with cirrhosis in a stable hemodynamic condition, intravenous administration of glypressin decreased portal venous pressure and blood flow into the superior portal systemic collateral circulation but did not prevent the untoward systemic hemodynamic effects of vasopressin.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Radiologic anatomy of the bony lacrimal canal. Axial projections].

Radiologic exploration of the bony lacrimal duct is principally indicated in lacrimal disorders secondary to facial injuries. The use of an axial projection enables analysis of possible displacements or obliterations. Its associations with lacrimography is often indispensable.

Facial Injuries↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of Paget's disease with 1-ethane-1-hydroxy-1-diphosphonate].

The authors treated 11 patients suffering from severe and/or quickly developing Paget's disease (3 of whom had leontiasis ossea), using etidronate (E.H.D.P.) at doses of 7 to 15 mg.kg/day for a period of 6 months. The patients were followed up for 18 months, on average. The following were the conclusions of the investigation: E.H.D.P. is an effective treatment of Paget's disease: the decrease in hydroxyprolinuria was greater and more durable than that of the alcalin phosphatases; a variation between these two values even seems to appear under treatment. However, although some patients responded very well to the treatment, others were less responsive; at the dosages used, E.H.D.P. reduced the scanning hyperfixation of the active pagetic areas in 6 patients: it likewise more or less markedly reduced hyperosteoclastosis, with no apparent increase in the osteoid volume; two patients suffering from upper maxillary disease regressed clinically (dentures had become too large); headache and hypacusia were not modified; the response to the treatment seems to depend on three factors: the activity of the patient, the dosage used, and an individual factor which may be linked to the severity of the osteoidosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Contribution of dynamic isotopic tests in the study of algodystrophies].

The authors studied 20 patients suffering from algodystrophy (23 localizations) by triple scintigraphy with technetium, using pyrophosphate to study the importance of bone changes, marked red blood cells to measure the vascular volume, and pertechnetate to measure the interstitial compartment. These tests were done on the average 1.4 months after the outset of the disease. This work made it possible to demonstrate in the algodystrophy: a pronounced bone hyperfixation that was uneven according to the patients; a frank increase in the vascular volume, notably on the capillary level, and a reduction of the circulatory output (calculated on 4 distal localizations), and an increase of the interstitial compartment higher than that of the vascular volume and corresponding to the edema. These results demonstrate a circulatory stasis. In 4 patients treatment with calcitonine reduced the vascular volume but not the bone hyperfixation. In 1 patient, treatment with pindolol reduced the bone hyperfixation and the vascular volume. The authors underline the advantage of such methods in creating a better knowledge of the physiopathology of algodystrophies and effective means of treating them.

Blood Volume↗
PubMed1977

Detection of hepatoma in liver cirrhosis.

The analogic liver scintigram using 99mTc sulfur colloid in cirrhotic patients does not permit determination of the nature of the areas of decreased uptake. Scintigrams with 67Ga citrate generally show increased activity in cases of hepatoma. In some cases, however, 67Ga citrate is less concentrated in neoplasic tissue, and it is not possible to detect a tumoral lesion in a cirrhotic liver. This is why we used double isotope scintigraphies with 67Ga citrate and 99mTc sulfur colloid, with digital subtraction, after simultaneous recording of 99mTc and 67Ga data on magnetic tape by means of an interface. In our series of 22 patients, the comparison of the results obtained by this double isotope technique with histology showed no false positive in substraction scintigrams. There was one false negative because of the lack of significance in the subtracted image for one of the six patients with cancer of the liver. For three of the six patients with hepatoma, the gallium scintigram showed an increased uptake in the tumor area. For the three other cases, the gallium uptake was equilibrated throughout the liver scintigraphy. It was therefore in cases where the gallium scintigram showed no increased activity that the subtraction technique was of greatest value, for it permitted the diagnosis of hepatoma in two cases.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1976

[Gamma-myelography in neurosurgery].

The gamma-myelography is rapid and riskless investigation whose practice is very easy to perform while doing CSF study. The choice of radioactive tracer in liquid or gaseous phase depends on suspected abnormality. In case of medullar compression, it enables to affirm the diagnosis of block and define its level. It does not enable to know the intra or extradural localization of a lesion. For this reason we often use in the same time a 99mTc stannous pyrophosphates scintigraphy of rachis. Association of these two technics is particularly interesting in case of pressure myelitis due to vertebral metastatic localization. In traumatic pathology, gamma-myelography can be realized in cases of emergency, because of its inocuity and rapidity of its realization (10 min. with use of 133 Xenon).

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1975

[Role of the ventriculocisternostomy in the treatment of non-communicating hydrocephalus].

44 ventriculo-cisternostomies were carried out on infants and children who manifested non communicating hydrocephalus. They were performed through perforation of the floor of the 3th ventricle with the aid of a leukotomy trochar which was introduced through a frontal ventriculography burr hole, and then guided under X ray control. The study of this group showed that the operation is benign, although the mortality is not null, and is effective except in the case where non communicating hydrocephalus develops after meningeal haemorrhage of meningitis. The late results seem good, but the time lapse is too short for a final conclusion. The preoperative radio-isotopic cisternography does not unable prediction of the cases which will be failures; it does however sometimes make it possible to foresee those which will be successful. The post-operative radio-isotopic cisternography is useful in checking on the permeability of the shunt.

Cerebral Ventricles↗