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Biomedical subjects

R Miralles

Publications and source records attributed to R Miralles.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a descriptive study and analysis of survival in 73 cases].

The clinical features and prognostic factors influencing survival in 73 patients diagnosed of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from June 1984 to November 1988 were evaluated. Mean age was 32 years. The predominant risk group were drug abusers (67%). The most common opportunistic infections were extrapulmonary tuberculosis and esophageal candidiasis. After 6 months, with 42 patients followed up, the probability of survival was 69% +/- 11 (95% confidence interval); after 12 months, with 28 patients, it was 65% +/- 12 (95% confidence interval); and after 18 months, with 11 patients, it was 54% +/- 15 (95% confidence interval). Patients younger than 30 years and those with extrapulmonary tuberculosis had a longer survival than the rest (p = 0.046 and p = 0.014, respectively). The remaining evaluated variables did not have any influence on survival.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Results of operation for lumbar disc protrusions in children.

Intervertebral disc protrusions are rare in children and adolescents, and we report our experience of 9 cases, all of whom were girls. Diagnostic problems are common and objective findings dominate the clinical picture at this age. Eight patients were treated by operation; no spinal fusions were carried out. Six patients with a follow up of from 6 to 15 years were reviewed. There were no recurrences, but episodes of low back did occur. Radiographs showed a variable diminution in the height of the disc in every case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Study of the antimicrobial sensitivity, auxotype, serotype and plasmid analysis of 75 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Barcelona].

The sensitivity of five antimicrobials (penicillin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, ceftazidime and spectinomycin) was assayed in 75 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains, isolated from May 1986 to December 1987 in a general hospital in Barcelona. Auxotype, serotype and plasmid analysis studies were also performed on these strains. Twenty-six (34%) penicillinase-producing strains were found. 49% of the non-penicillinase-producing strains showed intermediate resistance to penicillin and 12% were resistant with MIC greater than 1 mg/1. 6% were resistant to tetracycline and cefoxitin, respectively, and all were sensitive to ceftazidime and spectinomycin. All the penicillinase-producing strains had the plasmid Africa and three of them had a diffuser plasmid of 24.5 mD. With regard to the auxotype study, most of the strains were prototrophic (38%) followed by the proline dependent ones (38%). 64% of the penicillinase-producing strains belonged to the serogroup W I, while 77% of the non-penicillinase-producing strains were in the W II/III serogroup.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Incidence of nosocomial infections. Comparison of 2 surveillance systems: clinical vs microbiological follow-up].

The effectiveness of a clinical and a microbiological follow-up systems for the detection of hospital-acquired infection (HI), both independently and simultaneously applied, were prospectively evaluated. The observed incidence rate was 11.4%. The clinical follow-up detected 81.3% of HI while microbiological follow-up detected 59.7%. This difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). It took 43 and 45 minutes to detect each instance of HI with the clinical and microbiological methods, respectively. Clinical methods are the most adequate to obtain maximal sensitivity in the overall surveillance of hospital-acquired infection, whereas microbiological follow-up may be useful for the detection of some types of HI such as bacteremia or urinary tract infection.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1989

Influence of balanced occlusion and canine guidance on electromyographic activity of elevator muscles in complete denture wearers.

Electromyographic recordings were made from the anterior temporal and masseter muscles during maximal voluntary clenching with complete dentures in the intercuspal position and in the laterotrusive jaw position with balanced occlusion and canine guidance. The different pattern of activity of the two muscles in the laterotrusive occlusal schemes studied suggests that their motoneuron pools receive different inputs. The lower activity in both muscles with canine guidance suggests that canine guidance may be a significant factor for preventing parafunctional activity in edentulous patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Influence of variation in anteroposterior occlusal contacts on electromyographic activity.

A full upper stabilization splint divided into three pairs of occlusal bilateral blocks was made for eight healthy young adult subjects. The three pairs of blocks allowed the location of the centric occlusal contacts to vary and to be distributed over equivalent periodontal surfaces. The electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporal muscles was recorded with surface electrodes during maximum voluntary clenching over the centric occlusal blocks. The electromyographic activity from the elevator muscles with the anterior blocks was significantly less than with the intermediate and posterior occlusal blocks. With use of the intermediate blocks, the activity from the elevator muscles was significantly less than with the posterior blocks. The elevator activity with the posterior blocks was similar to that with the full coverage splint.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparative electromyographic study of elevator muscles in patients with complete dentures and natural dentition.

An analysis of integrated electromyographic (IEMG) activity of masseter and anterior temporal muscles was undertaken in fifteen patients with complete dentures and eight adult subjects with natural dentition. Bipolar surface electrodes were used for IEMG recordings during maximal voluntary clenching and saliva swallowing in the inter-cuspal position. The IEMG activity of both muscles during maximal voluntary clenching was significantly lower in patients with complete dentures than in subjects with natural dentition. During saliva swallowing the activity in both muscles was similar in both groups. This may have a great clinical significance in the maintenance of the functional state of the different structures of the stomatognathic system in complete denture wearers, since the process of swallowing is a 24-h function repeated about 600-2400 times each day.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Influence of the activator on electromyographic activity of mandibular elevator muscles.

Integrated electromyographic (IEMG) activity was recorded in 15 children with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion undergoing treatment with an activator. EMG activity was recorded with surface electrodes from anterior temporal and masseter muscles, with and without the activator in the postural mandibular position, during saliva swallowing and maximal voluntary clenching. Similar IEMG activity in the postural mandibular position and during maximal voluntary clenching, with and without activator, was observed. During saliva swallowing, the activity in both muscles was significantly higher with the activator. This supports the rationale for diurnal wear of the activator. Simple linear regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the change of masseter muscular activity during saliva swallowing and age of the children (r = -0.51), suggesting that treatment with the activator should be started at an early age.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1988

Empyema caused by Kingella denitrificans and Peptostreptococcus spp. in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma.

Empyema caused by Kingella denitrificans and Peptostreptococcus spp. was diagnosed in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma. This appears to be the third report providing evidence of a pathogenic role for K. denitrificans, and the first concerning infection in the pleural space and in a patient with underlying immunosuppressive disease. K. denitrificans should be added to the list of fastidious gram-negative bacteria associated with opportunistic infections in the compromised host.

Actinomycetales Infections↗