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Biomedical subjects

R Mayer

Publications and source records attributed to R Mayer.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Congenital and acquired penile curvatures: diagnosis and outcome with the Nesbit procedure.

A surgical correction according to Nesbit [1] was performed in 9 patients with congenital penile curvature as well as in 5 patients with acquired penile curvature in the context of Peyronie's disease and in 1 case after an old penile fracture. Dynamic cavernosography with simultaneous passive erection and photographic documentation of the curvature in two planes served as basic preoperative diagnostic methods. Besides the recording of a local report, the postoperative results were evaluated by means of a detailed questionnaire in all patients. 8 patients in the group of congenital curvatures as well as 3 patients of the group with acquired penile curvatures were shown to be completely satisfied with the functional result of the surgical correction. With the knowledge of the result of the operation, 13 out of 14 patients would indeed agree to the operation if asked again. This experience indicates that treatment according to Nesbit is justified in the therapy of both congenital and acquired penile curvatures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Detection and characterization of a selective endopeptidase from Plasmodium berghei by using fluorogenic peptidyl substrates.

By using fluorogenic peptidyl-3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole a highly selective endopeptidase for the Val-Leu-Gly-Arg sequence was demonstrated in endoerythrocytic stages of Plasmodium berghei. Val-Leu-Gly-Arg-endopeptidase showed a maximum activity in pH range 7.0-8.0; it was completely inhibited by 1 mM leupeptin and 1 mM antipain. A complete inhibition was also obtained by 15 mM chloroquine. This trypsin-like activity was negligible in uninfected red blood cells. The high sensitive fluorogenic procedure could be performed on cell fractions, cell lysates as well as supernatants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Intramedullary subependymoma of the cervical spinal cord: case report.

The third case of intramedullary subependymoma of the cervical spinal cord is reported. This is the first such case for which intraoperative views are available. It was possible to remove most of this lesion with the aid of the operating microscope, the carbon dioxide laser, and the use of somatosensory evoked potentials. The diagnosis was clouded by the coexistence of Holmes-Adie pupils and absent reflexes in the lower extremities. All three reported intramedullary subependymomas have been found in the cervical spinal cord of middle-aged patients. Tumors in this clinical setting should not be assumed to be unresectable astrocytomas without careful histopathological and intraoperative evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Blood glucose, ACTH, cortisol, T4, T3 and rT3 after cholecystectomy. Comparative studies of continuous peridural anesthesia and neuroleptanalgesia].

15 patients (12 women and 3 men) undergoing cholecystectomy were randomized into two groups. 8 patients were operated on under continuous thoracic epidural anaesthesia in combination with light general anaesthesia. Postoperatively they were kept painfree by continuous infusion of an 0.125% solution of bupivacaine via epidural catheter at a rate of 0.25-0.3 ml/kg X h over a period of four days. The 7 patients in the control group were operated on under neuroleptanalgesia. Piritramide was given for postoperative analgesia. All patients received 40 ml/kg X day of electrolyte solution during the period of investigation. Blood was collected at 8 am, 12 am, 4 pm, 8 pm, and 12 pm on the day of operation and on the third postoperative day, at 8 am on the first and second postoperative day, and at 8 am, 12 am, and 4 pm on the fourth postoperative day. Plasma glucose, ACTH, cortisol, T4, T3, and reverse T3 were measured. During the operation and for 12 h thereafter a mild hyperglycaemia was observed in the neuroleptanalgesia group but not in the epidural group. The differences were significant. A rise in ACTH was seen in both groups during and shortly after operation. The increase in cortisol concentration following this ACTH release was significant only in the neuroleptanalgesia, but not in the epidural group. From the first to the fourth postoperative day ACTH levels were low and cortisol concentrations within the normal range. On the third day it appeared that a diurnal variation in cortisol levels was again present. Cortisol suppression following the administration of 2 mg dexamethasone on the fourth postoperative day was detectable in both groups. Of the thyroid hormones, T4 remained unchanged and at a normal level during the investigation. T3 decreased and reverse T3 increased significantly, the maximum rise being observed on the second day. There were no differences between the groups. These changes are defined as low T3 syndrome, following caloric deprivation, injury, and stress. The metabolic and hormonal alterations caused by cholecystectomy are marked only during operation and shortly thereafter and only in this period are they influenced by epidural analgesia. From the first postoperative day onwards they are almost negligible so that a mitigation by using continuous epidural analgesia is not to be expected.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1984

[Sonography of Achilles tendon rupture].

The authors report on the possibility of demonstrating Achilles tendon rupture via ultrasound. The characteristics echo pattern in the healthy (normal) Achilles tendon, and the sonographic criteria of the various types of rupture, are described. Sixteen patients with clinically suspected subcutaneous Achilles tendon rupture were examined using a 5 MHz transducer. In ten cases, an Achilles tendon rupture could be demonstrated, all of which were confirmed by surgery. In six patients, rupture could be excluded; after renewed clinical examination, these cases were successfully treated as distorsions. In clinically evident rupture of the Achilles tendon, ultrasound examination may not only provide further diagnostic information on the localisation and type of rupture, but also on the condition of the tendon at the site of rupture. It can also supply pointers regarding secondary changes, such as haematoma, oedema, and deviations in the position of the Achilles tendon. In doubtful cases, ultrasound can be a helpful additional diagnostic method.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1984

[Erection and ejaculation disorders following retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in non-seminomatous testicular tumors].

From 38 patients, who had undergone retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in the period between April 1980 and October 1983, reliable statements were obtained referring to pre- and postoperative erectile and ejaculatory abilities. The thoracolumbar outflow (Th12-L3) of the centers for emission and psychogenic erection is usually damaged in this procedure. About 12% of the radically lymph node dissected patients complained of permanent erectile disturbances; 85% of the radically lymph node dissected patients revealed ejaculatory disorders, 58% of them with a total loss of ejaculation. About 50% of them showed a considerable psychic involvement. In 12 patients a modified lymph node dissection procedure was performed with the intention to preserve ejaculatory capability. Nevertheless 6 (50%) of them revealed postoperative ejaculatory failure, 3 of them with a total loss of ejaculation. Thus our own experiences and a review of the literature indicate that this modified lymph node dissection often fails in its purpose and can not always be considered a valuable procedure for preservation of ejaculation. The administration of sympathomimetic drugs and/or imipramine is a promising approach in the treatment of ejaculatory failure.

Ejaculation↗
PubMed1983

Rapid reaction studies on the oxygenation reactions of catechol dioxygenase.

The reaction of oxygen with catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from Pseudomonas arvilla ATCC 23974 in complex with catechol, 4-methylcatechol, and 4-fluorocatechol has been studied using single turnover stopped flow spectrophotometry. Two sequential enzyme intermediates have been resolved and their visible spectra characterized by computer-assisted methods. These intermediates are spectrally similar to those observed in a similar study with protocatechuate dioxygenase (Bull, C., Ballou, D. P., and Otsuka, S. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 12681-12686 (1981), although the first intermediate seen with the latter enzyme was not observed in this study. The rate of formation of intermediate I is oxygen-dependent and also accelerated by electron-donating substituents on the C-4 of the substrate. This is consistent with the proposed substrate reduction of dioxygen to form a hydroperoxide. Intermediate I is thus suggested to be a 6-hydroperoxycyclohexa-3,5-diene-1-one. The decay of intermediate I is also accelerated by electron donors and is consistent with the rearrangement of intermediate hydroperoxide via an acyl migration mechanism. It is inconsistent with mechanisms involving nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl carbon. Intermediate II is proposed to be an enzyme-product complex based on the resemblance of its visible spectra to those of the benzoate complex of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and enzyme-product complexes of protocatechuate dioxygenase. Careful 18O2-labeling experiments have shown that no label is lost to the solvent, implying that no free hydroxide forms during catalysis.

Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase↗