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Biomedical subjects

R Matre

Publications and source records attributed to R Matre.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Changes in lysosome populations in the rat kidney cortex induced by experimental proteinuria.

1. Experimental proteinuria (262.9 mg protein/24 hr urine) was induced in rats by repeated intraperitoneal injections of BSA. 2. Hypertrophy of the kidney cortex was significant 8 days after the start of the BSA injections, and the activities of lysosomal enzymes in kidney cortex and urine were significantly higher in proteinuric compared to nonproteinuric rats. 3. Lysosome populations in the kidney cortex were examined by rate sedimentation of the homogenate and by rate zonal and isopycnic centrifugation of the lysosome-rich ML fraction. 4. The activity of lysosomal enzymes in the kidney cortex increased slightly, essentially in the large, fragile lysosomes mainly recovered from the proximal tubule. 5. Proteinuria induced a shift/reduction in the density of small lysosomes from 1.235 and 1.20 g/ml to 1.225 and 1.185 g/ml, respectively. 6. Proteinuria induced a new population of small lysosomes (density 1.185 g/ml) enriched in cathepsin D.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Complement receptors CR1 on human peripheral nerve fibres.

Receptors for C3 and C4 in human peripheral nerve tissue were studied by examining the adherence of complement (C) coated erythrocytes (E) and by using monoclonal antibodies against epitopes on the receptors for C3b (CR1), C3d (CR2) and C3bi (CR3). E (erythrocyte)-bearing C3b or C4b adhered to sections of myelinated peripheral nerves and the binding was inhibited only by anti-CR1 antibodies. By immunofluorescence, anti-CR1 antibodies stained the nerve fibres, whereas anti-CR2 and anti-CR3 antibodies did not. The staining was apparently localized to the Schwann cell membrane. E-bearing C3bi or C3d did not adhere to myelinated or unmyelinated nerves. CR1 are therefore the only C3 receptors expressed in human peripheral nerves. E-bearing C3b or C4b did not adhere to unmyelinated nerves from adults or to nerves from fetuses at a gestational age of approximately 21 weeks, whereas monoclonal anti-CR1 antibodies stained myelinated, unmyelinated and fetal nerves equally well. The results indicate that CR1 in unmyelinated and fetal nerves are either functionally inactive or express a lower affinity for C3b/C4b than CR1 in myelinated nerves. There were no significant differences in the binding of E-bearing C3b or C4b to myelinated peripheral nerves from 50 individuals, indicating that CR1 activity is not distributed phenotypically.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of fasting on lysosomes in kidney cortex of glomerulonephritic rats.

The effect of food restriction (FR) on the kidney cortex lysosomes prepared by rate and isopycnic zonal centrifugation was studied in rats with passive Heymann glomerulonephritis (PHN). FR reduced the renal mass by 41%, but the capacity for handling of labelled endocytosed proteins by the lysosomes was not different from fed PHN rats. While PHN with heavy proteinuria increased the recovery of lysosomal enzymes in the large lysosomes located in the proximal tubule, no changes were observed in FR-PHN rats in spite of significant proteinuria. The density of the small lysosomes was significantly shifted/reduced (from 1,200 and 1,235 g/ml to 1,185 and 1,225 g/ml, respectively) in both fed and FR-PHN rats, suggesting that the handling of extra loads of protein may enhance the absorptive function of small lysosomes found in the lower part of the nephron. FR reduced the mechanical fragility of lysosomes in the kidney cortex of PHN-rats. The highly increased urinary excretion of lysosomal enzymes in fed PHN rats was not observed in FR-PHN rats. As a conclusion, FR reduces both the fragility of lysosomes and the proportion of digestive enzymes in fragile lysosomes. These lysosomal enzymes may be of pathogenic importance in PHN causing cell damage when liberated from disrupted lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Plasma exchange in myasthenia gravis: changes in serum complement and immunoglobulins.

Serum concentrations of C4, IgG, IgA, and IgM were followed in 8 selected patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) during a 5-day course of plasma exchange (PE), using donor plasma as a replacement solution. C3 activation products (C3b, iC3b and C3c) and the terminal SC5b-9 complement complex were measured in 4 of the patients. All patients improved during the treatment, including 2 patients without detectable antibodies to AChR in serum. The main findings of the study were marked complement activation and an approximately 50% fall in the serum concentrations of IgM and C4 during PE, independent of the concentrations in the donor plasma. The concentrations of IgG and IgA did not change significantly. The fall in C4 during PE is presumably caused by C4 consumption. We postulate that the fall in IgM is an effect of a complement-induced vasodilatation and that PE-induced complement consumption may influence the effect of PE in patients with MG.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Class and IgG subclass distribution of antibodies against peripheral nerve myelin in sera from patients with inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify antibodies against peripheral nerve myelin (PNM) in sera from 90 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and from 70 patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Fifty-nine percent of the patients with GBS and 51% of the patients with CIDP had increased levels of anti-PNM antibodies. Antibodies were also found in 0%-14% of sera from patients with other neurological diseases and in 8% of normal blood donors. Mean levels of IgG, IgM and IgA anti-PNM antibodies were increased in sera from patients with GBS, and mean IgG and IgA anti-PNM antibody levels were increased in sera from patients with CIDP when compared with sera from normal blood donors. The mean IgG anti-PNM antibody response observed in patients with GBS or CIDP was dominated by the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

IgG Fc receptors in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

A murine monoclonal antibody to receptors for IgG (FcR) in human placenta was used in a competitive ELISA to demonstrate soluble FcR in human sera. Sera from 20 blood donors, 30 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined. Soluble FcR were demonstrated in all sera. However, significantly lower amounts of FcR were demonstrated in the patient groups as compared to blood donors. Whether this is due to increased consumption or reduced production has to be further investigated. The findings may be of significance in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

Fc gamma-receptors and HLA-DR antigens on endothelial cells in psoriatic skin lesions.

Receptors for the Fc-part of IgG (FcR) and HLA-DR antigens on endothelial cells in normal and lesional skin from patients with psoriasis were studied in cryostat sections, using soluble immune complexes and monoclonal antibodies. FcR and HLA-DR antigens were detected on endothelial cells of dermal vessels both in sections of normal and lesional skin. The expression of FcR varied from one vessel to another and on endothelial cells within one and the same vessel. The expression of FcR and HLA-DR antigens was enhanced in sections of lesional skin compared with normal skin and most pronounced in lesional skin from active psoriasis. The enhanced expression may be mediated by interferon produced in psoriatic lesions. The presence of FcR and HLA-DR antigens on endothelial cells adds further evidence of he involvement of these cells in immune processes in the skin.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Demonstration of human erythrocyte C3b receptors (CR1) by haemadsorption and indirect haemagglutination techniques.

A closed chamber haemadsorption (HA) technique with tissue sections and an indirect haemagglutination (IHA) technique with monoclonal anti-C3b receptor (CR1) antibody were used to measure CR1 on human erythrocytes (E) (ECR1). In the HA technique the indicator cells were sheep E coated with rabbit IgM antibodies (A) and various amounts of human C3b (EAC). The ECR1 activity was classified according to the degree of haemadsorption of EAC. High ECR1 activity was found in 24% of healthy blood donors, intermediate activity in 62%, low activity in 12% and no activity in 2% of the blood donors. The results obtained using the IHA technique showed a good correlation with the results obtained using the HA technique. Both techniques are sensitive and the results are highly reproducible. The techniques are easy to perform and do not require expensive reagents or equipment. The HA and IHA techniques therefore offer an alternative to other techniques for measuring ECR1 activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Expression of glomerular C3b receptor activity in normal human kidneys.

The glomerular C3b receptor (CR1) activity was measured in cryostat sections of 100 normal kidneys obtained at autopsy using haemadsorption of erythrocytes (E) sensitized with rabbit IgM antibodies (A) and human complement (C) (EAC). The CR1 activity was classified as high, intermediate or low according to the degree of haemadsorption of EAC. High glomerular CR1 activity was found in 25% of the kidneys, intermediate activity in 62% and low activity in 12% of the kidneys. EAC did not adhere to glomeruli in 1% of the samples. The distribution of the glomerular CR1 activity is very similar to the phenotypic distribution of CR1 activity on erythrocytes from healthy individuals.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Bannwarth's syndrome: serum and CSF IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi examined by ELISA.

A newly identified spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, has recently been established as the causal agent of chronic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome, BS). An etiological diagnosis can be obtained by specific antibody determination. To detect intrathecally produced Borrelia antibodies, we examined paired serum and CSF samples from 10 BS patients and 41 controls. CSF/serum IgG specific antibody indices were calculated by relating the CSF/serum ratio of specific antibody activity to the CSF/serum ratio of total IgG and of albumin; 8/10 BS patients compared to 4/39 controls had elevated index values. In only one of the 4 positive controls could spirochetal infection be excluded. We conclude that determination of specific antibody indices is a reliable and sensitive diagnostic test for nervous system B. burgdorferi infection.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

In situ demonstration of Fc gamma-receptors in human chronic marginal and apical periodontitis.

The distribution of receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc gamma R) in chronic marginal and apical periodontitis were studied by using a monoclonal antibody against placental Fc gamma R and soluble immune complexes as indicators. Cryostat sections were used in indirect immunofluorescence technique. Fc gamma R were detected on varying numbers of cells in the inflammatory cell infiltrates, on endothelial cells of certain vessels and in fibrous tissue. In chronic marginal periodontitis Fc gamma R were also observed on cells within the oral gingival epithelium (OGE) and the pocket epithelium (PE). There was a distinct fluorescence in stratum spinosum and occasionally in stratum basale of OGE and in the coronal portion of the PE. Fc gamma R on Langerhans cells could not be demonstrated. In apical periodontitis Fc gamma R were also detected on cells within the epithelium. In some cases epithelium in periapical cysts was positive. Soluble immune complexes bound to morphologically similar, but fewer cells compared to the monoclonal antibody against Fc gamma R. The results indicate that Fc gamma R are generally expressed on cells in inflamed tissue. Thus, this presence of Fc gamma R on certain specialized cells such as endothelial cells and keratinocytes, may endow these cells with functions previously thought to be restricted to cells of the lymphoreticular system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Changes in lysosome populations in the rat kidney cortex induced by passive Heymann glomerulonephritis.

Acute passive Heymann glomerulonephritis in rats induced heavy proteinuria and highly increased urinary activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, acid beta-galactosidase and acid phosphatase. The cortical activity of these acid hydrolases was increased essentially in the large lysosomes as demonstrated by subfractionation of the lysosome-rich mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction, by rate zonal centrifugation. Banding density of small lysosomes shifted or reduced to slightly lower value (1.225 g/ml), which is between the banding densities of small 'light' (1.20 g/ml) and small 'dense' lysosomes (1.235 g/ml) in normal rat kidney cortex. Labelled protein reabsorbed in the proximal tubule is recovered in these populations of small lysosomes as well as in the large lysosomes or 'protein droplets'. Glomerulonephritis also induced a new population of small 'light' lysosomes (density 1.185-1.195 g/ml) enriched in cathepsin D. The previously demonstrated morphological, biochemical, and physiological heterogeneity of renal lysosomes was confirmed and emphasized in the kidney cortex of glomerulonephritic rats. The main changes in the lysosomal populations appear to reflect the increased protein reabsorption as confirmed by the proteinuria.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1987

Serum concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement components in women using an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD).

Immunoglobulins A, G and M and the complement components C3, C4 and CI-INH were quantified in sera from 59 women using an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Most of the women were using a Cu IUCD, and the mean duration of use was 7.3 years. No differences in the concentrations were detected compared with control subjects. Our data, however, do not exclude a possible temporary change in the concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement components.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of UV radiation on interferon, immunoglobulins and complement components in serum from healthy individuals.

An infectivity inhibition micro-method was used to detect interferon (IFN) in sera from 20 healthy individuals before and after UVA irradiation, and in sera from 22 healthy individuals before and after UVB irradiation. The serum levels of IFN, immunoglobulins (Ig) and complement components (C) were examined before irradiation, after 10 and 20 exposures, and 4 weeks after irradiation. The median serum IFN level in both the UVA and the UVB group increased significantly during irradiation, most markedly during the 10 first exposures. Four weeks after irradiation the median IFN level was reduced in both groups, but had not reached the pre-irradiation levels. The IFN level was unchanged or reduced in 2 individuals in the UVA group and in 5 individuals in the UVB group. Characterization experiments indicated the presence of both acid-stable and acid-labile IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma. The mean serum IgG concentration was significantly reduced 4 weeks after UVA irradiation, whereas IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 were not affected. The mean serum concentrations of IgG and C4 were significantly reduced 4 weeks after UVB irradiation, whereas the mean concentrations of IgM and C3 were significantly increased. The concentration of IgA was not affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Serum concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement components in patients with recurrence after resection of gastric carcinoma.

Immunoglobulins and complement components were quantitated in sera sampled at 3-6-month intervals from 20 patients with recurrence after resection of gastric carcinoma stages I-III (pTNM). Concentrations of IgA, C3, C4, and C1-INH at clinical recurrence were increased in a significant number of patients as compared to the concentrations 3-6 months prior to recurrence. The mean concentration of C3, C4, and C1-INH were higher than prior to recurrence. At the time of recurrence, the concentrations of C3, C4, and C1-INH were higher than the corresponding postoperative concentrations among 14 patients alive and disease-free for 5 years or more. Three to six months prior to recurrence, the concentrations of C4 and C1-INH were also higher than those of the 5-year survivors. The data indicate that serial quantitation of immunoglobulins and complement components may beof value in the follow-up after resection of gastric carcinoma.

Aged↗