[Molecular biological diagnosis of non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung and its application to therapy].
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
Biomedical subjects
R Maruyama
Publications and source records attributed to R Maruyama.
[Patterns of hospitalization and nonhospitalization of the elderly based on individual data of total number of days hospitalized and frequency of hospitalization in one year].
With the aim of developing a method to determine the trends in the time spent by elderly at home or in the hospital, elderly living in a municipality of Hokkaido were classified into four groups according to the number of days spent at home or in the hospital in one year. The classification was based on individual data of the number of days hospitalized in one year obtained from health insurance records. The four groups were: "no hospitalization", "short hospitalization" (< or = 180 days in one year), "long hospitalization" (> 180 days in one year), and "continuous hospitalization". The number of subjects used in this study was 1,302 (532 men and 770 women) in 1992, and 1,345 (551 men and 794 women) in 1993. The findings were as follows: (the two figures in parentheses are the percentages for 1992 and 1993, respectively) 1) The percentage of "no hospitalization" was the highest (66%, 67%), followed by "short hospitalization" (24%, 25%), "continuous hospitalization" (6%, 4%), and "long hospitalization" (4%, 5%). There were no significant differences in the group percentages between 1992 and 1993. There were also no significant differences in the group percentages for men or women between 1992 and 1993. 2) In both years, there was a lower percentage of "short hospitalization", and a higher percentage of "long hospitalization" and "continuous hospitalization" among women than men. There was no difference in the percentage of "no hospitalization" between sexes. 3) In both years, about 70% of elderly people who had been hospitalized were only hospitalized once in the year. However, in the "long hospitalization" group, more than half of the people had been hospitalized two or more times in one year. This classification method is thought to be useful for a longitudinal study of hospitalization and nonhospitalization trends among the elderly in one community.
Aged↗
Kinetic analysis of recurrence and survival after potentially curative resection of nonsmall cell lung cancer.
BACKGROUND: About two-thirds of the patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who undergo a potentially curative resection eventually suffer from recurrent disease. However, it has yet to be elucidated as to how survival after recurrence is influenced by different variables, including timing, type of recurrence, or other clinicopathological features. There have been few studies concentrating on the kinetics of growth of occult micrometastatic tumor cells that eventually manifest as tumor recurrence. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 197 patients who developed recurrence after a potentially curative resection for NSCLC. RESULTS: The median disease-free interval was a little over 1 year (395 days), as was the median postrecurrence survival-383 days. We created a model for the kinetics of recurrence by assuming that: (1) a tumor of 10(9) cells is the usual limit of detection, (2) patients generally die before the tumor reaches 10(12) cells, and (3) it takes 1 year for average lung cancer cells to show a 10-fold increase. The model indicated that as much as 10(9) tumor cells should have been present immediately after the operation. Alternatively, the residual tumor cells should have an accelerated growth after the surgery. CONCLUSIONS: These models indicate the importance of developing a sensitive detection method for occult metastatic cells and to understand the tumor dormancy mechanism.
Adult↗
Secondary plasmacytoma of the testis: report of a case.
We report a case of secondary plasmacytoma of the testis. The patient previously had had plasmacytoma of the nasal cavity, and then recurrences occurred in the right ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, nasopharynx and clavicle before testicular plasmacytoma has developed. This is the 49th case of testicular plasmacytoma reported in the world literature.
Humans↗
Combined resections of the diaphragm and the liver for a locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
A 73-year-old man was admitted to our hospital to undergo treatment for right lung cancer (large cell carcinoma) which had directly invaded the liver through the diaphragm, and presented with T3N0M0, stage IIIa disease. A right lower lobectomy was performed with lymph node dissection, combined with a partial resection of the diaphragm and the liver, as well as a reconstruction of the diaphragm using the latissimus dorsi muscle. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was free of disease 1 year later at the time when this paper was written.
Aged↗
Incontinentia pigmenti and Behçet's disease: a case of impaired neutrophil chemotaxis.
We describe a patient with incontinentia pigmenti who developed the clinical picture of intestinal Behçet's disease. Diagnosis of Behçet's disease was base on a recurrent genital and oral ulcer and a positive HLA-B51. Impaired neutrophil chemotactic activity and an elevated plasma IL-6 level were found. Chromosomal study revealed no abnormality in the patient or her family. We discuss the possibility that there are common immunological abnormalities in the two syndromes.
Adult↗
Sonography of pedunculated exogastric leiomyoblastoma.
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Aged↗
Diffuse laminar endocervical glandular hyperplasia.
A case is reported of diffuse laminar endocervical glandular hyperplasia, which is very rare among pseudoneoplastic endocervical glandular lesions. The patient was a 54 year old woman who had been suffering from watery vaginal discharge for about 7 years, and the lesion was found in the cervix of the hysterectomy specimen. Microscopically, the lesion showed a diffuse, laminar proliferation of hyperplastic endocervical glands, sharply demarcated from the underlying stroma. The significant nuclear atypia was absent. Inflammatory response was mild. Immunohistochemically, carcinoembryonic antigen was negative. Differential diagnosis from other non-neoplastic conditions and well differentiated adenocarcinoma is discussed.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
[A case report of gastric leiomyoblastoma showing exogastric pedunculated development].
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Aged↗
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery of bullous and bleb disorders of the lung using endoscopic stapling device.
The video-assisted thoracic surgical (VATS) approach appears to be a viable alternative to thoracotomy when surgical management of bullous and bleb disorders of the lung is required. Fifty patients with giant bullae (n = 6) and spontaneous pneumothoraces (n = 44) were recently treated by our group using the VATS approach and endoscopic stapling devices. Of the 50 patients, 47 were managed completely by the VATS approach, including six giant bullae that were asymptomatic in five and infectious in one and 41 pneumothoraces, of which 16 were first episode and 25 with recurrent pneumothorax. Median operating times for the bullous and bleb excisions were 147.8 and 45.9 min, respectively (p < 0.01), and median chest tube durations were 5.2 and 1.2 days, respectively (p < 0.05). There was no mortality, and significant morbidity was limited to prolonged air leak in more than 5 days in three patients and postoperative atelectasis in two patients. Median hospital stays of patients with bullous excision was 11.3 days compared with 4.7 days of those with bleb excision. We conclude that the VATS treatment is a safe, effective procedure in patients with bullous and bleb disorders of the lung even in asymptomatic giant bullae or spontaneous pneumothoraces with the first episode. The advantages of the VATS approach for these diseases are ease of operation, less pain, early mobility, and superior cosmetic results.
Adolescent↗
Intracranial chondromyxoid fibroma extending into the jugular foramen.
A case is reported of an intracranial chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) in a 67 year old man. The tumor originated in the petrous part of the temporal bone and extended into the jugular foramen. Microscopically, the tumor showed a lobular appearance, and was composed of spindle or stellate cells in an abundant myxoid, chondroid stroma. Immunohistochemically, S-100 protein was positive in the tumor cells and myxoid stroma. Intracranial CMF, especially in an elderly person, is exceedingly rare. Clinical and pathological findings are presented with reference to the previously reported articles.
Aged↗
Regulation of oxygen delivery and consumption in anesthetized rats during acute hypoxia.
Physiological roles of ventilatory responses to acute hypoxia in the regulation of O2 transport and consumption were evaluated quantitatively in halothane anesthetized and spontaneously breathing rats with or without peripheral chemoreceptor afferents. Ventilation (VE), blood gas values, cardiac output (Q), and whole-body O2 consumption (VO2) were measured at various levels of inspired O2 concentration (FIO2) before and after denervation of carotid chemoreceptor afferents. In the carotid sinus nerve (CSN)-intact rat, the reduction in FIO2 from > 0.27 (hyperoxia) to about 0.10 (mild-moderate hypoxia) elicited an augmentation of VE which was accompanied by a well maintained total amount of O2 delivered to tissue (Q x O2 content of arterial blood, DO2) and VO2. The increase in VE was, however, turned off and the VE value did not differ from that in hyperoxia at FIO2 lower than 0.10 (moderate-severe hypoxia) (hypoxic ventilatory depression, HVD). Significant decreases in Q, DO2, and VO2 were also seen at FIO2 < 0.10. After CSN section, VE, Q, DO2, and VO2 values decreased progressively with the reduction in FIO2 from hyperoxia to mild hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.20-0.15). These findings indicate that the normal DO2 and VO2 are preserved in the presence of carotid chemoreceptor afferents in the FIO2 range > 0.10 and that HVD is accompanied by the decrease in VO2. Summarizing all results, VO2 decreased linearly with the reduction in PaO2 lower than about 60 mmHg or DO2 lower than 4 ml/min/100 g bw (critical PaO2 or DO2 for metabolic suppression), above which VO2 remained unchanged. The decrease in VO2 in lower PaO2 or DO2 levels (hypoxic hypometabolism) ensues perhaps from "adaptive" mechanisms reducing O2 demand when adequate O2 supply to tissue is limited.
Animals↗
Cerebral myxopapillary ependymoma.
A rare case of myxopapillary ependymoma is reported. The tumor occurred in the cerebral hemisphere of an 8-year-old girl and had no relationship to the lateral ventricles. Microscopically, it showed abundant mucin production around papillary or reticular structures. Immunohistochemically, these tumor cells were weakly positive, with glial fibrillary acidic protein demonstrated in part of the tumor and vimentin strongly demonstrated throughout the tumor. The results may indicate the poorly differentiated nature of this tumor. This is the second reported case of intracranial myxopapillary ependymoma.
Brain Neoplasms↗
Dependence of biphasic heart rate response to sustained hypoxia on magnitude of ventilation in man.
We studied the dynamic profile of respiratory and circulatory activities during sustained isocapnic hypoxia in healthy males. In response to end-tidal PO2 depression to about 55 Torr, minute ventilation first increased briskly and then depressed. Such biphasic response to hypoxia was also observed in the heart rate. A significantly positive correlation was found between the magnitudes of ventilatory and heart rate responses. No significant increases were found in arterial noradrenaline and potassium, but adrenaline significantly increased gradually with time. Furthermore, when VT and f were intentionally maintained constant so as to prevent the biphasic ventilatory change, the biphasic heart rate response previously seen in spontaneous hypoxic breathing disappeared. We suggest that the heart rate is mainly determined by the pulmonary vagal inflation reflex. Putative neurochemicals to elicit hypoxic ventilatory depression, and arterial catecholamine and potassium concentrations may not be directly related to the specific profile of the biphasic heart rate response during moderate hypoxia.
Adult↗
Tinea corporis due to Microsporum canis from an asymptomatic dog.
The patient was a 19-year-old female student who purchased a puppy from a pet shop four weeks earlier. At the time of her first examination, an annular edematous erythema with adherent scales and vesicles surrounding its margin was seen on the left forearm. On direct examination of the vesicles, fungal elements were detected, and Microsporum canis was isolated. The puppy was a Pomeranian and was kept in the house at all times. No clinical lesions were seen on the puppy, and the Wood's lamp test was negative. However, M. canis was isolated from the animal by the hairbrush method. Symptoms disappeared after the patient was treated topically with terbinafine cream for three weeks. Although the dog received no treatment whatsoever, there was no evidence of the disease on the pet. Results of the hairbrush method performed on the pet two and three weeks later were negative, but, at five weeks, it was again positive. Human infection with M. canis from an asymptomatic dog was demonstrated in this case. Attention should be paid to preventing infections from animals without lesions.
Adult↗
Dynamic profile of cardiovascular activity in relation to augmented ventilation and humoral agents during hypercapnic hypoxia.
A time course of cardiovascular activity in 8 healthy males in relation to augmented ventilatory activity and humoral factors was observed during step CO2 elevation with constant hypoxia. During the first step increase, by 3 Torr in end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2), the heart rate (HR) initially tended to decrease, then slowly increased to slightly below that of the previous eucapnic level, whereas ventilation maintained a gradual rise throughout this period. On the other hand, during second step PETCO2 elevation, by a further 3 Torr, both HR and ventilation progressively increased. The plasma catecholamine (CA) concentration was also significantly elevated during this period, suggesting a concomitant enhancement in sympathetic activity. Blood pressure (Bp) was progressively augmented throughout the entire hypoxic challenge. We conclude that 1) the characteristic profile of HR change may be explained by the observation that initial HR depression by peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation is gradually overridden by delayed hyperventilation, CA elevation, and enhanced sympathetic activity; 2) Bp augmentation may be elicited by increased CA release and sympathetic activity; and 3) plasma K+ concentration does not change so as to affect cardiovascular and respiratory activity.
Adult↗
Boar transition protein 2 and 4 isolated from late spermatid nuclei by high-performance liquid chromatography.
The boar late spermatid nuclei retaining transition proteins (TPs) could be obtained from the testis by the use of antipain to inhibit TP-degrading proteinases of the nuclei. The enzymes detected in acid extract including the basic proteins were inactivated by reduction and carboxymethylation of the proteins. The reduced and carboxymethylated basic proteins were fractionated by differential precipitation between 3% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and 3-20% TCA. From the 3% TCA-precipitate, boar TP2 and TP4 were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on Nucleosil 300 7C18. The two TPs were characterized by acid urea- and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses and amino acid analysis. Boar TP2 closely resembled rat and mouse TP2s, and ram protein 3 in its high content of serine and basic amino acids, the presence of cysteine and molecular weight. Boar TP4 was similar to ram protein P1 in its high content of basic amino acids, the presence of cysteine and molecular weight. But the TP2 and TP4 differed in electrophoretic mobility on acid urea-gel and solubility in 3% TCA from those of the other species. The HPLC used here also enabled us to efficiently separate boar TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP4, and to estimate that the amount of the TP2, TP3 and TP4 was about 1/8, 1/4 and 1/4 that of the TP1, respectively.
Amino Acids↗
Prognostic significance of alpha-1-antitrypsin in early stage of colorectal carcinomas.
We have previously shown that human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, RCM-1 and CoCM-1, synthesize alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) in culture. We have studied immunohistochemically the incidence of alpha 1-AT on histologic sections from paraffin-embedded tissues of surgically resected colorectal carcinomas and their metastatic foci, polypectomized adenomas, and normal mucosae. alpha 1-AT was detected in 89 (61%) of 145 carcinomas (including 14 carcinomas in adenoma), and 12 (39%) of 31 adenomas. But only 2 (4%) of 55 normal colorectal mucosae were positive for alpha 1-AT. In metastatic tumor cells of colorectal carcinomas in lymph nodes and other organs, alpha 1-AT positivity was 60% and 82%, respectively. The incidence of alpha 1-AT was markedly higher in advanced adenocarcinomas than in early ones and more frequent in adenocarcinomas of right side (including transverse colon) than those of left side and rectum, regardless of their histological malignancy grades. In mucinous carcinomas the frequency was greater (8 of 9 cases) than in conventional adenocarcinomas. Clinical follow-up of the patients with colorectal carcinomas suggested that alpha 1-AT positivity in Dukes' stage A/B tends to correlate with unfavorable prognosis irrespective of the grade of histologic differentiation of carcinoma, but there is no significant relation in Dukes' stage C/D. Our findings suggest that alpha 1-AT in colorectal carcinoma is related to the invasive and metastatic capacity. It may thus serve as a biologic marker for prognosis of colorectal carcinomas at relatively early stages (Dukes' stage A/B).
Adenoma↗