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Biomedical subjects

R Marre

Publications and source records attributed to R Marre.

153 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Properties of Escherichia coli strains of serotype O6.

Escherichia coli isolates of serotype O6 show a broad spectrum of virulence: virulent strains often cause urinary tract infections; other strains are considered nonpathogenic. In order to analyze the properties of E. coli O6 strains, different phenotypic and genotypic test systems were used. Our data indicate that O6 strains represent a rather heterogenous group of bacteria, which differ in the genotypic presence as well as in the phenotypic expression of virulence factors. In contrast to the isolates 536 (O6:K15) and RZ 475 (O6:K5) the strain DSm 6601, belonging to serotype O6:K5:H1, produces neither toxins nor mannose-resistant hemagglutinating (MRHA) adhesins. However, the strain possesses chromosomally located gene clusters coding for F1C (foc) and type I fimbriae (fim). In addition, the strain secrets the iron-uptake substances aerobactin and enterobactin and produces at least one microcin. The strain is serum-sensitive and is less virulent in in vivo animal tests.

Bacterial Proteins↗
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Interpretive criteria for susceptibility testing of coagulase-negative staphylococci with special reference to netilmicin.

Antibiotic susceptibility of 171 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci from 66 preterm infants at a neonatal intensive care unit was tested by the microbroth dilution method. Results were interpreted according to DIN as well as according to NCCLS. Because of the bimodal distribution of MIC values within the CNS population tested, results of susceptibility interpretation according to DIN were identical to NCCLS with the exception of netilmicin (NCCLS: 89% susceptibility; DIN: 16% susceptibility). Since netilmicin is frequently used for treatment of infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, this difference may be of clinical significance.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colonization and infection with fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli among cancer patients: clonal analysis.

Escherichia coli with high-level fluoroquinolone resistance were isolated from feces and/or various body sites of 16 cancer patients who were on oral fluoroquinolone prophylaxis. Population analysis of fecal isolates in 11 patients showed that fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli was the only aerobic gram-negative bacillus present and exhibited a relatively homogenous fluoroquinolone MIC distribution. Molecular typing by pulsed field gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA digests or by random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting confirmed the clonal nature of gastrointestinal tract colonization with E. coli. Genotyping of ten colonies picked from the same fecal culture demonstrated identical strains in four of four patients examined. Identical genotypes from the same patient were isolated over prolonged periods of time in 12 of 12 cases examined, with one patient (with the longest follow-up of 14 months) who lost his initial genotype and became persistently colonized with a new genotype. In the 11 patients who developed infection due to fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli, molecular typing also indicated that fecal colonization was associated with, and presumably preceded infection due to an indistinguishable genotype of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A fatal infection due to Fusarium oxysporum in a child with Wilms' tumour. Case report and review of the literature.

Fusarium oxysporum was isolated twice from the blood culture of a 5-year-old boy with inoperable Wilms' tumour (stage IV) 4 weeks after a cytoreductive therapy with actinomycin D, vincristine and adriamycin. The child died 3 weeks after the first isolation of the fungus with signs of hepatic failure and consumptive coagulopathy. The importance of infection with Fusarium spp. in immunocompromised neutropenic patients and their pathogenetic role are discussed in the view of the literature.

Child, Preschool↗
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Fungaemia due to Candida pelliculosa in a case of acute pancreatitis.

We describe a case of fungaemia due to Candida pelliculosa (teleomorph: Hansenula anomala) in an otherwise non-immunocompromised patient with acute necrotizing pancreatitis of unknown origin. This species of Candida should be added to the list of pathogenic fungi which are increasingly important not only in patients with underlying immunosuppressive disease but also in patients with, for instance, severe surgical illness.

Acute Disease↗
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A fatal infection with Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus terreus in a child with agranulocytosis of unknown origin.

Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus terreus were isolated from cutaneous nodules in a 5-year-old girl with agranulocytosis of unknown origin. Histopathological examination supported the diagnosis of an infection with two opportunistic moulds. Aspergillus terreus was also isolated from the secretions of the maxillary sinuses of the patient. In spite of antimycotic therapy, the child eventually died from respiratory failure.

Agranulocytosis↗
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Mycetoma due to Exophiala jeanselmei and Mycobacterium chelonae in a 73-year-old man with idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia.

Exophiala jeanselmei and Mycobacterium chelonae were isolated from cutaneous nodules in a 73-year-old man with mycetoma of the right lower leg. Further evaluation revealed CD4+ lymphocytopenia without evidence of HIV infection. Antibodies to HIV 1/2, p24 antigen and HIV 1/2 (PCR) and reverse transcriptase activity were not detectable. The patient was not a member of any HIV risk group. He had not previously undergone therapy or suffered from immunodeficiency. This case clearly demonstrates that infections with opportunistic moulds and/or atypical mycobacteria should be taken into consideration not only in patients with classical immundeficiency diseases but also in apparently healthy patients because infection with these agents can be the first sign of underlying immunodeficiency.

Aged↗
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[Bacteriologic studies of the amniotic fluid following amniocentesis].

After transabdominal amniocentesis puncture needles and samples of amniotic fluid were microbiologically examined. The antibacterial activity of the amniotic fluid after inoculation of different germs was compared. Positive microbiological results were found in 43 of total 573 puncture needles, but there were germs of the skin flora in 40 cases. Five amniotic fluid samples out of total 424 were contaminated, whereby skin commensals were detected in four samples. The bacteriostatic activity against the examined germs was individually. Complete growth inhibition over 24 hours was observed in cultures with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Staph. aureus and E. coli, a less growth inhibition over nearly 10 hours for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The growth of Strep. faecalis was not suppressed. As result of the frequent observation of skin commensals in amniocentesis puncture needles and amniotic fluid samples clear lines for the performance of the amniocentesis on antiseptic condition basis and for the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in case of positive microbiological findings were recommended.

Amniocentesis↗