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Biomedical subjects

R Manthorpe

Publications and source records attributed to R Manthorpe.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effect of bromhexine, ambroxol, and placebo on clinical and histopathological changes in "Sjögren" mice.

Hybrids of New Zealand black and New Zealand white mice were used in an animal model for Sjögren's syndrome. The animals were treated with bromhexine (Bisolvon), ambroxol (Mucosolvan), or placebo from their 20th week of life for 10-17 weeks. The parotic glands were examined in a masked fashion by light and transmission electron microscopy after treatment. Significant inhibition of pathological changes in the parotic glands was observed by both methods in hybrids receiving 60 mg/kg bromhexine. Other types of treatment had no effect. In addition, the animals receiving the high dosage of bromhexine had a significantly higher survival rate than other hybrids.

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1985

Detection of antibody against extractable nuclear antigen by an enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. Results from patients with rheumatic and internal medical diseases.

Anti-ENA antibody determination by ELISA technique may offer a valuable diagnostic help in the discrimination of patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) from those with other chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases. Determination of this antibody was performed in a prospective designed investigation among 101 blood donors, 154 patients with various non-rheumatic internal medical diseases, and 229 patients with chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases, including five patients with MCTD. A positive titre of anti-ENA antibody was found in approximately 10% of blood donors and patients with various internal medical disorders. A highly positive anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) titre was found in the patients with MCTD, but was also observed in patients with other chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases, giving a predictive value of 56% for MCTD. We conclude that highly positive anti-RNP antibody values do not automatically indicate the diagnosis MCTD. Other diagnostic possibilities should still be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Langerhans cells in labial minor salivary glands in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Langerhans cells were demonstrated among the mononuclear cells in inflamed labial minor salivary glands in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Langerhans cells were visualized by the monoclonal antibody, OKT6, by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. The possible role of Langerhans cells as antigen-presenting cells in diseased glandular tissue in primary Sjögren's syndrome must be further studied.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Lewis blood type frequency in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. A prospective study including analyses for A1A2BO, Secretor, MNSs, P, Duffy, Kell, Lutheran and rhesus blood groups.

Seventy-five patients in two randomly selected groups (N = 40 plus 35) with primary Sjögren's syndrome were tested for Lewis, A1A2BO, secretor, MNSs, P, Duffy, Kell, Lutheran and rhesus blood group antigens. The results were compared with the frequencies in a control group and in the general population. The Lewis blood group frequency differed (p less than 0.05) from that of the general population, due mainly to an increased Le(a-b-) frequency. Similar immuno-haematological findings have not been reported earlier in patients with rheumatological diseases. If confirmed by other centres, the results may be of importance for our understanding of the immunological mechanisms of chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sjögren's syndrome.

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Connective Tissue Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Primary Sjögren's syndrome treated with Efamol/Efavit. A double-blind cross-over investigation.

Thirty-six patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome participated in a randomised double-blind, cross-over, 3-week, study to compare the effect of Efamol (1500 mg X 2) with that of placebo. Efamol contains 9% of the prostaglandin-E1 precursor gamma-linolenic acid, which is presumed to occur in reduced levels in Sjögren's syndrome. Efamol treatment improved the Schirmer-I-test (P less than 0.03) while values of break-up time,-van Bijsterveld score, corneasensitivity, tear-lysozyme and nuclear chromatin in conjunctival epithelial cells did not reach the statistical 0.05 level.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunoglobulin deposits in the epidermis of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. A consecutive study.

In biopsies from macroscopically healthy skin, IgG deposits were demonstrated in the intercellular areas of the epidermis by a direct immunofluorescence technique, in 17 of 25 consecutive patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Intercellular epidermal deposits of IgA were found in 4 and of IgM in 1 of the 25 patients. Deposits of IgG in the dermal blood vessel walls were found in 9 patients, IgA in 1 and IgM in 3 patients. In 3 of 23 patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome intercellular IgG deposits were found in the epidermis, and in 2 of these 3 patients IgA deposits were likewise demonstrated. No immunoglobulin deposits were found in the dermo-epidermal junction zone in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome. No deposits of immunoglobulin were found intercellularly in epidermis or in dermal blood vessel walls in 23 sex and age matched healthy controls. Blood samples obtained simultaneously from all patients and controls showed no correlation of serum IgG levels with deposits in the skin. We conclude that investigation for IgG deposits in the intercellular area of the epidermis and/or in the dermal vessel walls in macroscopically healthy skin may be of diagnostic help in patients with chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antibodies against nuclear components in schistosomiasis. Results compared to values in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and osteoarthrosis.

Occurrence of autoantibodies against nuclear material was compared in groups of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA n = 22), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE n = 24), osteoarthrosis (OA n = 25), and chronic schistosomiasis mansoni (CSM n = 28). Anti-ds DNA antibody was detected by an ammonium sulphate precipitation radioimmunoassay antibodies against extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) were detected and differentiated in RNAse-resistant and RNAse-sensitive components (Sm and RNP antigens) with an ELISA technique. IgG organ-non-specific and granulocyte-specific antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were detected by immunofluorescence technique with quantitative titration of positive reactions and determination of complement-fixing properties. The results in groups of patients with SLE, RA and OA were of confirmative nature and supported that the different methods detect different systems of autoantibodies and nuclear autoantigens. In CSM it was demonstrated that 23 of 28 cases had positive reactions to the RNAse-resistant part of ENA (the Sm-antigen), a significant difference from the three other groups of patients (P less than 0.001). The antibody was in all cases of IgM class, in seven cases also of IgA class. Antibodies against nuclear material in CSM are probably a consequence of heavy disturbance of the immune system in this chronic infection with great permanent antigen load. It is a matter of discussion, whether production of these antibodies is induced by nuclear material from the host or from the parasite.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Mucosolvan in the treatment of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Results from a double-blind cross-over investigation.

Thirty-six patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome were randomized to Mucosolvan (60 mg X 2 daily) or placebo, in a double-blind cross-over study. Each period of treatment was 3 weeks with 1 week wash-out in between. None of the objective ophthalmological tests (Schirmer-1-test, break-up time, van Bijsterveld score, cornea sensitivity, appearance of nuclear chromatin in conjunctival epithelial cells, tear lysozyme) improved during the investigation period.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lacrimal and salivary secretion in Sjögren's syndrome: the effect of systemic treatment with bromhexine.

In a randomized clinical study, 32 patients with Sjögrens syndrome (SS) were given placebo/bromhexine (Bisolvon) 48 mg daily for 3 weeks. Various ophthalmological and oral variables as well as different proteins in tear fluid and saliva were registered. Bromhexine stimulated the tear secretion significantly, presumably without changing the protein composition of the tear fluid. In saliva the IgM concentration in contrast to other proteins decreased in patients with high pre-treatment values. Bromhexine may be of valuable help in the treatment of some patients with SS.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Selective inhibition of collagen biosynthesis in the dental pulps of glucocorticoid-treated rabbits.

Prednisolone (2 mg/kg) was injected daily for 14 days. Collagen and protein biosynthesis were measured in isolated molar and incisor pulps by the incorporation of [14C]-proline into protein and collagen in vitro. Collagen solubility, free proline content, prolyl hydroxylase activity, collagenolytic activity and DNA and RNA contents were also assayed. Rabbits injected with saline or starved served as controls. Collagen synthesis was inhibited selectively in both prednisolone and starvation groups. No other aspect of collagen and protein metabolism was affected by either prednisolone treatment or starvation. Thus glucocorticoid administration reduces collagen formation in the pulp, resembling the anti-anabolic effect of starvation. Glucocorticoid treatment at high daily dosages, therefore, may disturb normal development and metabolism of teeth.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Alkaptonuria and ochronosis. A survey and 5 cases.

A survey of alkaptonuria and ochronosis is given, based on the literature and on 5 additional cases. The disease, which is autosomal recessive, results from a decreased amount of the enzyme homogentisic acid oxidase, due to which tyrosine and phenylalanine cannot be broken down via the normal pathway. The diagnosis is made by determination of urinary urinary homogentisic acid excretion, as the clinical and radiological findings are not pathognomonic. The symptoms, which extend over decades, result from the deposition of pigment in the extracellular macromolecules of the connective tissue, particularly of the skin and joints.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serum isoamylases in Sjögren's syndrome. Concentration levels and intra-individual variation.

A study of isoamylase in serum from 53 patients with Sjögren's syndrome demonstrated that the levels of both pancreatic type and salivary type amylases remain within reference value limits in most cases. However, abnormal low or high values for pancreatic type amylases were seen more frequently than in the control groups. The intra-individual variation in concentration levels of both isoenzymes among patients with Sjögren's syndrome were significantly greater than in the control groups. These observations are interpreted as signs of subclinical lesions of the pancreas and the salivary glands occurring during the course of the disease. Sjögren's syndrome should be borne in mind and sought in cases of unexplained hypo- or hyperisoamylasemias.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Autoantibodies in patients with oral lupus erythematosus, lichen planus and leukoplakia. An aid in diagnosis.

Of 35 patients with oral discoid lupus lesions, 9 (25%) were diagnosed as Systemic (SLE) and 26 as Discoid (dle) lupus erythematosus. Antibodies to whole nuclei (ANAL), dsDNA (anti-DNA ab) and extractable nuclear antigens (anti-RNP ab, anti-Sm ab) as well as serum immunoglobulin levels (Ig) were determined in these patients, in 20 patients with reticular oral lichen planus (LP) and 20 with homogeneous oral leukoplakia (LEUK). High IgG ANA titres were found in the SLE cases, highly increased anti-DNA ab in 6 SLE cases (67%) and one DLE case (4%), slightly increased anti-DNA ab in 9 DLE (35%) but only two (5%) of the LP nd LEUK cases. The prevalence of autoantibodies and increased anti-DNA ab did not differ significantly between DLE cases with oral lesions only and those with cutaneous lesions as well. Increased Ig were present in 6 SLE (67%), 8 DLE (31%), and 3 LEUK (15%) but none of the LP cases. High ANA titres and/or elevated anti-DNA ab disclosed 8 of the 9 SLE and one of 26 DLE cases. Slightly elevated anti-DNA ab and elevated Ig indicated the diagnosis in 9 and 8, respectively, of the 26 DLE cases. It is concluded that determination of ANA, anti-DNA ab and Ig is of diagnostic importance in patients with verified or suspected oral discoid lupus lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antibodies to SS-B in chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases. Relationship with HLA-Dw2 and HLA-Dw3 antigens in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

SS-B antigen, purified from rabbit thymus, was used in an indirect enzyme immunoassay to demonstrate the presence of IgG-, IgA-, and IgM-type SS-B antibodies in sera from patients with well-defined and characterized chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease. High levels of antibodies to SS-B were found in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome. Patients with Sjögren's syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus had significantly higher SS-B antibody values than patients with Sjögren's syndrome secondary to rheumatoid arthritis or patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus, alone. Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis without secondary Sjögren's syndrome also had a markedly elevated level of antibodies to SS-B. Antibodies of all immunoglobulin classes were found, although the highest values were either IgG- or IgM-type. In primary Sjögren's syndrome, antibody values to SS-B were higher in patients with HLA-Dw2 and/or HLA Dw3 than in those with other HLA-Dw types. We conclude that these antigens or specific immune-response genes close to the D region may be important for the development of antibodies to SS-B.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1982

Pulmonary function in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

In 43 women and 3 men suffering from primary Sjögren's syndrome pulmonary function was correlated to various clinical, haematological and serological disease activity parameters. Primary Sjögren's syndrome was defined as the presence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia, in the absence of other well-defined chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases. Only objective tests were used in the evaluation of the patients [2]. Total lung capacity, residual volume, vital capacity, functional residual capacity and ventilatory capacity were normal. The diffusion capacities measured for CO were significantly reduced compared with the predicted values. This indicates that pulmonary interstitial disease is a common feature of primary Sjögren's syndrome. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between reduced diffusion capacity and previous pneumonia, previous pleurisy, tiredness, dyspnoea, ESR and p-orosomucoid. No correlation was found to certain other clinical disease parameters, the duration of disease or tobacco smoking.

Adult↗