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Biomedical subjects

R Madhok

Publications and source records attributed to R Madhok.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Tenidap.

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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1995

Effect of cyclosporin A on interleukin-6 and soluble interleukin-2 receptor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cyclosporin A (CyA) therapy on circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Twenty four RA patients with active disease were studied. Plasma was collected before and after 16 weeks of CyA treatment. IL-6 was measured by B9 bioassay and sIL-2R by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The initial median IL-6 concentration of 165 IU/ml decreased significantly to 71 IU/ml after 16 weeks (p < 0.05). Similarly, the initial median plasma sIL-2R value of 665 U/ml decreased significantly to 570 U/ml (p < 0.05). This decrease was accompanied by an improvement in clinical parameters of disease activity. Some association between sIL-2R, IL-6, haemoglobin, and platelets was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study has demonstrated that, in vivo, CyA therapy in RA can significantly reduce circulating concentrations of IL-6 and sIL-2R. Modulation of both T and non-T cell derived cytokines may be one mechanism by which CyA improves rheumatoid disease. Whether this is a direct effect of CyA on the cells within the rheumatoid joint producing these cytokines or an indirect effect mediated by other cytokines which can influence IL-6 and Il-2R values remains to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Oral iloprost as a treatment for Raynaud's syndrome: a double blind multicentre placebo controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy, tolerance and safety of 50-150 micrograms orally administered iloprost given twice a day versus placebo in patients with Raynaud's syndrome. METHODS: The study was multicentre (n = 3), double blind and placebo controlled. Sixty three patients who had eight or more vasospastic attacks per week were enrolled. After a one week run-in period, all patients received either iloprost or placebo treatment to a maximum tolerated dose of 150 micrograms twice a day for 10 days. Diary cards assessed the duration and severity of the vasospastic attacks. Side effects were monitored by direct questioning. A global assessment of treatment efficacy was made by the patient at the end of treatment and two weeks later. RESULTS: Patient opinion tended to favour iloprost at the end of the 10 day treatment phase (p = 0.09) and this was significant at day 24 (the follow up visit) (p = 0.011). Although the duration and severity of attacks tended to decrease in the iloprost treated group, these results tended not to reach statistical significance (for severity p = 0.06 at end of treatment, p = 0.09 on day 24). CONCLUSION: Iloprost administered intravenously has been shown to be of benefit in the treatment of the Raynaud's syndrome associated with systemic sclerosis, but this route of administration is inconvenient. This study evaluated the use of iloprost administered orally to patients with Raynaud's syndrome. Patient documented improvement was significantly improved by iloprost. Diary card analysis showed a trend in favour of iloprost, but these results did not reach statistical significance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-2 receptor levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with low dose oral methotrexate.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of oral methotrexate (MTX) on circulating levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: We measured serum concentrations of IL-6 (n = 20) and sIL-2R (n = 16) before MTX therapy and again after 12 weeks. RESULTS: MTX significantly reduced IL-6 and sIL-2R after 12 weeks of therapy, and although the levels remained low at 24 weeks of therapy, the reduction was not significant. Reduction in cytokine levels was paralleled by an improvement in clinical indices. Placebo treatment did not significantly alter IL-6 or sIL-2R. CONCLUSION: MTX appears capable of cytokine modulation, although the mechanism is not clear.

Administration, Oral↗