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Biomedical subjects

R M Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to R M Weiss.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Comparative pressure-length-diameter relationships of neonatal and adult rabbit ureters.

Pressure-length-diameter relationships of neonatal and adult rabbit ureters were studied in vitro. The increase in diameter, in response to an intraluminal pressure load of 10, 20, and 40 g per cm2, was faster and greater in the neonate than in the adult. Incubation in norepinephrine decreased the diametral deformation of neonatal ureters but had little effect on deformation in the adult ureter. The in vitro neonatal rabbit ureter, thus, appears to be more compliant and more sensitive to norepinephrine than the adult ureter.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Seven-year survival of child with rhabdomyosarcoma of prostate.

A case is reported of a twenty-two-month-old child who has survived for seven years without recurrence after multimodal therapy of a rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate. The patient was treated with preoperative irradiation, radical surgery, and intraoperative and postoperative actinomycin D.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of autonomic dysreflexia with phenoxybenzamine.

Our 9 patients with severe autonomic dysreflexia treated with phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-sympatholytic agent, had a dramatic relief of symptoms. Bladder and urethral pressure studies before and after treatment with this agent suggest that the inappropriate rise in urethral resistance in these patients is a result of an appropriate but extraordinary response to bladder filling.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1976

Management of urinary fistulas after renal transplantation.

Urinary fistulas developed in 13 of 134 patients after renal transplantation. Bladder fistulas originating from the anterior suture line in 6 patients were satisfactorily managed by urethral or paravesical drainage. Fistulas arising from the donor ureter were best treated by surgical repair using the recipient's own ureter. Caliceal fistulas in 3 patients were successfully treated with nephrostomy drainage. A favorable outcome was achieved in 11 of the 13 patients, with closure of the fistula and preservation of renal function.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Urologic complications of inflammatory bowel disease.

Urologic complications occurred in 54 of 233 patients with inflammatory bowel disease followed during a 15-year period. Urinary calculi, enterovesical fistulas and ureteral obstruction were the most common problems. Urinary tract complications may arise many years after primary bowel disease has been diagnosed. Symptoms frequently may be absent or obscured by those of the gastrointestinal disorder. We recommend that urologic evaluation be included periodically in the long-term management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Reflux and trapping.

Although functional ureteral obstruction results in a decrease in the rate of antegrade urine flow, urine may still traverse the obstructed segment in a retrograde direction. Decreased musculature is found in the obstructing area. The combination of these processes results in reflux with trapping. This process has been demonstrated radiographically at both the ureterovesical and the ureteropelvic junctions.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

Time course of ureteral changes with obstruction.

Chronic obstruction is characterized by a marked degree of ureteral dilatation and tortuosity which develops in the presence of a relatively low intraluminal pressure. To define the mechanism for the development of this relationship, the pressure-tension-deformation relationships of acute and chronically obstructed ureters were investigated. Rabbit ureters, in vivo, were obstructed and deformation correlated with intraluminal pressure. During the initial 3 h of obstruction, ureteral resting pressure increased from approximately 0 to 42 cm H2O, and diameter increased 16% with a slight increase in length. Subsequently, average wall tension (tensile stress) and intraluminal pressure declined, although deformation persisted. Between 6 h and 8 days after the onset of obstruction, intraluminal pressure remained essentially unchanged. During this time interval, ureteral deformation continued gradually and progressively as the ureter underwent creep both circumferentially and longitudinally. This was associated with a marked increase in average wall tension. At 8 days the diameter had increased by 170% and the length by 25%.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The obstructed bladder syndrome in the neonate.

Eleven neonates with bladder obstruction, causing retention of urine, and a large, palpable lower abdominal mass were treated at the Yale-New Haven Hospital during a five year period. Intrinsic and extrinsic lesions, including urethral atresia, posterior urethral valves, ectopic ureteroceles, hydrocolpos and a neuroblastoma of the pelvis, were diagnosed by cystography, vaginography, pyelography and barium enema examination or a combination of these reoentgenographic methods. The multiplicity of underlying lesions make the obstructed bladder syndrome in the neonate a unique condition.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Secondary bladder neck obstruction in patients with urethral valves: Treatment with phenoxybenzamine

Two cases are reported of functionally significant bladder neck obstruction following urethral valve fulguration which resulted in inability to void. Both patients responded to the administration of phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent. Treatment of patients with suspected bladder neck obstruction with this agent provides a reversible method of decreasing urethral resistance without the potentially harmful effects of surgical bladder neck revision.

Dilatation↗
PubMed1975

Palliative urinary diversion for pelvic malignancy.

Palliative urinary diversion was done in 47 cases for ureteral obstruction secondary to advanced pelvic malignancy. The average survival time was 5.3 months, with only 50 per cent of the patients alive at 3 months and only 22.7 per cent alive at 6 months. After the diversion 63.8 per cent of the survival time was spent in the hospital. Patients with carcinoma of the prostate fared better than those with other sites of tumor origin, which may reflect the natural history of this tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pressure measurements in ileal conduits.

To study the dynamic properties of ileal conduits and to attempt to diagnose obstruction at an early point in time, that is prior to the development of conduit or upper urinary tract dilatation, a continuously perfused catheter technique was used to measure pressures within the conduit during filling and emptying, and to measure the resistance to flow at the stomal level. The mean values of residual urine, resting pressure, voiding pressure and stomal profile pressure were significantly higher in obstructed than in non-obstructed conduits. However, there was an overlap between values in each parameter, thus necessitating analysis of the entire pressure data in any given case. The data also show that even a small increase in residual urine above normal, 4.0 plus or minus 0.9 cc, may be an indication of early obstruction and that stomal caliber does not necessarily correlate with the degree of obstruction.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Serum diiodotyrosine.

Serum diiodotyrosine (DIT) was measured by radioimmunoassay in healthy subjects patients with thyroid disease and a variety of laboratorty animals. Ninety-two healthy adults had a mean level of 101 ng/100 ml. There was no sex difference in DIT levels but DIT fell with aging. There was no change with short term oral SSKI administration. Athyrotic subjects had measurable but reduced levels (mean = 52 ng/100 ml). Hyperthyroid subjects had levels slightly, but not significantly, higher than controls (mean = 149 ng/100 ml). Treatment of hyperthyroidism was followed by a small but significant fall in DIT levels, but there was no change in DIT levels with thyroid hormone therapy of hypothyroidism. A large species variation in serum DIT levels was found among laboratory animals with mean levels ranging from 17 ng/100 ml in mice to 428 ng/100 ml in dogs.

Adenoma↗