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Biomedical subjects

R M Steiner

Publications and source records attributed to R M Steiner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The functional and anatomic evaluation of the cardiovascular system with rapid-acquisition computed tomography (cine CT).

Cine CT combines the advantages of digital cross-sectional imaging with those of angiography. It provides vivid portrayal of complex anatomic relationships as well as important functional data not easily obtainable elsewhere, including quantitation of myocardial wall thickening and regional myocardial blood flow. The blood flow in major vessels following coronary artery bypass graft surgery and cardiac output have been quantified with accuracy. The future of cine CT will depend ultimately on controlled studies comparing this technique with other modalities, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, radionuclide angiocardiography, and contrast-enhanced catheter angiography.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1986

Multimodality approach to thoracic aortic dissection.

The advantages and disadvantages of three imaging modalities--computed tomography, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging--are reviewed in this chapter. All three modalities have the advantages of cross-sectional and/or multiplanar imaging and low or absent morbidity. Both ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging obviate the need for radiation. The ultimate value of magnetic resonance imaging still must await large, statistically significant, comparative studies.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1985

Early Legg-Perthes disease (ischemic necrosis of the femoral head) demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.

A case of early Legg-Perthes disease (ischemic necrosis of the femoral head) is presented to illustrate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in demonstrating the presence of and extent of alterations of intensity of the ischemic femoral epiphysis compared with the normal. The unique advantages of flexible imaging planes and ability to perform follow-up examinations without the hazards of ionizing radiation are stressed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Congenitally corrected transposition in adults with left atrioventricular valve incompetence.

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great vessels (CCT) is usually detected in childhood owing to the presence of associated cardiac malformations. If such malformations are absent, the patient may remain asymptomatic until adulthood; such persons usually present with left atrioventricular valve incompetence and conduction disturbances. The chest radiograph may be the first clue to the diagnosis, demonstrating the typical cardiovascular silhouette produced by the convex left ascending aorta. The authors examined seven cases of CCT manifested in adulthood and found that in four of them the diagnosis was not apparent from the plain image because the ascending aorta instead followed a concave course. Hallmarks of this phenomenon are discussed, and two radiological signs are presented: the double mediastinal stripe and the straight left lower cardiac border.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of platelet function by contrast media: iopamidol and ioxaglate versus iothalamate. Work in progress.

The effects of an ionic contrast agent, meglumine iothalamate (Conray-60), and two newer low-osmolality radiographic contrast media, sodium meglumine ioxaglate (Hexabrix) and iopamidol (B-15,000), on platelet aggregation and secretion responses were studied. All three agents inhibited platelet responses during stimulation with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine, and collagen. Platelet function was inhibited by iothalamate at concentrations of 11 mg iodine/ml and above, and by the newer agents at concentrations above 30 mg iodine/ml. Addition of exogenous calcium decreased the iothalamate-induced inhibition of aggregation but did not improve dense granule secretion. There was no consistent effect of exogenous calcium on platelet inhibition by iopamidol and ioxaglate. These studies indicate that the newer agents inhibit platelet function less than iothalamate does, and that chelation of Ca2+ may not be the major mechanism of platelet inhibition by contrast agents.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1985

Magnetic resonance imaging in hemosiderosis.

The case of a patient with iron deposition disease is presented to illustrate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of this entity. The image characteristics of MRI are discussed and the results are compared with those of computer tomography (CT). The importance of a decrease in T2 relaxation time as the determinant parameter for signal intensity in MRI of the liver in such patients is emphasized.

Female↗
PubMed1985

CT evaluation of the retroperitoneal vasculature.

A review of the computed angiotomographic appearances of retroperitoneal vessels in health and disease is offered. Normal anatomy and congenital anomalies is emphasized so that normal variants of arterial and venous anatomy does not lead to a mistaken diagnosis of adenopathy and incorrect staging of a particular neoplasm. The role of CT in analyzing caval and renal invasion by renal cell carcinoma and in providing important information about aortic disease and its sequela is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Chest radiograph in lymphomatoid granulomatosis: comparison with Wegener granulomatosis.

A form of angiitis and granulomatosis principally involving the lung was identified as a variant form of Wegener granulomatosis only 15 years ago. Recent experience indicates that the most common form of pulmonary angiitis and granulomatosis is lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Chest radiographs of 16 patients with this condition were reviewed and the findings compared with those of Wegener granulomatosis. The frequency and distribution of nodular masses, cavitation, and migratory lesions were similar in the two disorders, but reticulonodular infiltrates occurred only in lymphomatoid granulomatosis. The study suggests that lymphomatoid granulomatosis and Wegener granulomatosis occasionally can be distinguished by radiographic criteria. Although radiologic patterns will suggest the diagnosis of pulmonary angiitis and granulomatosis, the specific diagnosis of lymphomatoid granulomatosis must rely on clinical, immunologic, and pathologic evidence. Accurate differentiation is essential since treatment of Wegener granulomatosis with cyclophosphamide is highly effective while treatment of lymphomatoid granulomatosis is infrequently successful.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The misplaced thoracic venous catheter: detailed anatomical consideration.

When interpreting routine radiographs following thoracic venous catheterization, a thorough knowledge of normal venous anatomy is necessary to prevent potential complications of central venous catheter misplacement. In the following report, we review the thoracic venous anatomy and show examples of azygous, superior intercostal, internal mammary, inferior thyroid, pericardiophrenic, and left superior vena cava catheterizations, as well as the more common venous catheter misplacements. The use of both frontal and lateral radiographs for catheter localization is discussed in detail.

Azygos Vein↗
PubMed1984

The radiology of thoracic malignant mesothelioma.

Formerly considered to be rare, primary malignant mesothelioma of the pleura has become a frequently diagnosed tumor during the last 30 years because of a more specific diagnostic criteria and because of its relationship with asbestos exposure. The radiologic findings associated with malignant mesothelioma of the pleura are not patho- neumonic but are characteristic and include a unilateral pleural effusion, unilateral pleural thickening, rib destruction and infra diaphragmatic spread, pulmonary nodules and masses and in distant metastases. These findings are in addition to the associated changes related to asbestos exposure. A review of the clinical records and radiographs of 26 patients with proven malignant mesothelioma studied at our institution serves as the basis for this review. The differential diagnosis radiologic findings and the relationship between these changes and the pathology clinical picture and the prognosis in this important disease entity is discussed.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1983

The radiology of cardiac pacemakers.

Electronic control of the heart rate and rhythm has proven useful in a variety of patients. However, pacemaker technology provides a new source of complications for the patient. Though such complications are primarily the responsibility of the cardiologist and the thoracic surgeon, the radiologist can be helpful in diagnosing a number of complications associated with these devices. Plain film radiology, fluoroscopy, and ultrasound are valuable resources in the management of patients with cardiac pacemakers.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1982

Rib destruction: a neglected finding in malignant mesothelioma.

Malignant mesothelioma is extensively described in the radiological literature, but the incidence and importance of rib destruction has not been emphasised. In this communication, four patients with extensive mesothelioma and contiguous rib destruction are described. They represent 12% of the collected series of 36 patients. The differential diagnosis of a pleural mass with rib destruction is discussed.

Aged↗