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Biomedical subjects

R M Quencer

Publications and source records attributed to R M Quencer.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Morning glory syndrome. A functional analysis including fluorescein angiography, ultrasonography, and computerized tomography.

The Morning Glory syndrome (MGS) is a congenital optic nerve anomaly that has received scant attention since first described by Handmann in 1929. We studied ten eyes and eight patients displaying variations of the syndrome. We found that the syndrome may be bilateral, hereditary, and associated with other congenital anomalies. When bilateral, visual function was only moderately disturbed. The anomaly is usually limited to the eye, and the retrobulbar nerve and brain appear normal, as documented by ultrasound and computed tomography. Surprisingly, increasing fibrovascular tissue produces traction on the disc substance and vasculature, vitreous, macula, and peripapillary retina. These findings may place these patients within a spectrum of congenital optic nerve anomalies ranging from staphylomata to posterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography and ultrasound in the evaluation of orbital infection and pseudotumor.

Twenty patients with orbital inflammatory processes were examined with high-resolution computed tomography (CT) and 14 of them were also evaluated with ultrasound (US). In eight cases of orbital infection, six abscesses were localized by CT; US contributed no significant additional information. The 12 cases of orbital pseudotumor could be classified into four forms by CT. US added specificity to the CT findings, especially in the tumefactive form. In all eight cases of pseudotumor where US was performed, low-reflective echoes were characteristically seen. In addition, edema in the retrobulbar fascia (four cases) was continuous with fluid along the optic nerve sheath (three cases) and muscle enlargement was identified in six cases. These US features were found to be important in the differential diagnosis of intra-orbital masses.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

Maturation of normal primate white matter: computed tomographic correlation.

Five infant baboons were examined with computed tomography (CT) during the first year of their lives to determine the rate and degree of normal white matter maturation in frontal, occipital, and parietal areas. The increase in CT numbers with age was correlated with gross and histologic specimens. Two phases of maturation were identified: a rapid phase (first 8-12 weeks) and a gradual phase (after 12 weeks). Frontal white matter was the most immature in the immediate postnatal period but it became equal in attenuation to the other regions by 4 weeks of age. Knowledge of white matter maturation rates may be particularly useful in cases of neonatal hypoxia/ischemia where zones of periventricular hypodensity are identified. The failure of such regions to follow a normal rate of maturation may indicate damage to the white matter and have significant prognostic implications.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Periodic alternating skew deviation.

A 78-year-old hypertensive woman suddenly developed blurred vision, followed shortly by dizziness, difficulty walking with a tendency to veer to the left, and vertical diplopia. Examination 3 weeks later revealed a unique neuro-ophthalmologic motility pattern, which may be described as periodic alternating skew deviation. This previously unreported motility disturbance was associated with downbeat nystagmus in our patient, and a focal lesion at the level of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal was demonstrated on computed tomography. The spectrum of physiologically related motility patterns--including periodic alternating nystagmus, cyclic oculomotor paralysis, see-saw nystagmus, periodic alternating gaze deviation, "ping-pong" gaze, and intermittent aperiodic alternating skew deviation--has been considered and is helpful in topical neuro-ophthalmologic diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Maturation of normal primate cerebral tissue: preliminary results of a computed tomographic-anatomic correlation.

Preliminary results of experimental cerebral computed tomography densitometric studies in newborn primates (baboon) indicate that (a) at birth the white matter of the frontal lobe is hypodense compared to the white matter of the parietal and occipital areas, (b) the white matter becomes increasingly dense with age, and (c) at 1 year of age the white matter in the frontal, parietal, and occipital areas of the brain becomes nearly equal in density. The ongoing myelinization process is considered to be one of the critical factors in these developmental changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Needle aspiration of intramedullary and intradural extramedullary masses of the spinal canal.

Ten intramedullary and two intradural extramedullary masses of the spinal canal were evaluated with 16 separate needle aspirations. Cord fluctuance at air myelography and/or low density within the cord on computed tomography determined the level of aspiration. The condition of two patients with cystic neoplasms and one with syringohydromyelia improved after fluid removal. Endomyelography demonstrated the extent of eight intramedullary cavities. In syringohydromyelia, this information was used in determining the surgical approach. Aspiration and tissue biopsy enabled successful diagnosis of two cases of intradural extramedullary masses of unknown etiology. Needle aspiration yields valuable diagnostic information and is safe when proper guidelines are followed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Improved technique for cervical metrizamide myelography.

Introduction of metrizamide into the lumbar subarachnoid space with the patient in a prone 15-20 degree head-down position improves delivery of contrast material for cervical myelography. Excellent visualization of the spinal cord and nerve roots has resulted using this technique.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

The occult tethered conus syndrome in the adult.

Twelve adults presented with tethered conus syndrome which had gone undiagnosed throughout childhood. Seven patients had had surgery directed toward the presenting symptoms or cutaneous abnormalities because the true underlying pathology was not appreciated. Although plain radiographs of the lumbosacral spine were abnormal, it was myelography that established the diagnosis. Computed tomography was performed in 4 cases and optimally showed the point of tethering, the nature and extent of the tethering masses, and the course of the intradural bands.

Adult↗