Three series of trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of monensin on the growth performance of cattle. Twenty-four trials were conducted to evaluate the addition of monensin at 200 mg/d to limited quantities of supplemental concentrate for growing cattle grazing pastures. The pastures ranged from dormant end-of-the-season grasses and crop residues to lush green pastures, and were located in several different states. Pasture plus supplement supported gains of control cattle (without monensin) of .24 to .96 kg, with an average of .56 kg/d. The addition of 200 mg monensin to the supplement increased daily gain in all 24 trials by an average of .09 kg daily (+16.3%). Eleven trials were conducted with monensin and energy supplements fed at .907 kg.- head-1 X d-1 to growing cattle grazing growing, nondormant pastures for an average period of 117 d. Each trial was designed to compare the performance of unsupplemented cattle, cattle fed a supplement and cattle fed a supplement with monensin. Cattle on pasture gained .50 kg daily. Supplement feeding increased average daily gain by .09 kg and the addition of monensin to the supplement further increased gain by .09 kg, for a total increase of .18 kg (34.2%). The efficiencies with which supplemental feed was converted to extra gain (kg supplement/kg gain) for the supplement-only and the monensin treatment groups were 10.1:1 and 5.0:1, respectively. In a series of 12 trials, monensin was added at a level of 33 mg/kg air-dry diet to limited quantities of supplemental feed for cattle fed harvested forages in confinement. All trials compared monensin feeding with a nonmedicated control treatment. Hay was fed in 8 of the 12 trials, fresh-cut green-chop in two trials and ensiled corn stover and ensiled milo stover in one trial each. Monensin reduced feed intake by -3.1%, improved average daily gain by .09 kg (+14.4%) and improved feed efficiency by 15.3%.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1986

Classifying acute leukemia by immunophenotyping: a combined FAB-immunologic classification of AML.

A panel of commercially available monoclonal antibodies and five heteroantisera were used to distinguish and subtype 138 cases of acute leukemia (AL). The immunophenotype was compared with the French-American-British (FAB) classification obtained on the cases. The immunophenotype discriminated acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and recognized cases not distinguished by cytochemistry (22% of cases), mixed lineage phenotypes (13% of cases), and cases with separate populations of lymphoblasts and myeloblasts (one case). Using the immunologic panel and derived criteria to subtype AML, correspondence of the immunophenotype to the FAB subtypes M1, M2, M4, and M5 was possible in greater than 80% of cases. A combined classification of the immunophenotype and FAB morphology/cytochemistry was devised for AML subtyping. It is recommended that immunophenotyping should be done at least in all cases with negative or inconclusive cytochemistry. At present, we suggest that until a "gold standard" for identifying leukemic subtypes is developed, the best method for typing acute leukemia is by using a combination of morphology, cytochemistry and immunophenotyping.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1984

A case for monitoring oxygen in the expiratory limb of the circle.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthesiology↗

PubMed1983

The case for a complete Allen's test.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMed1981

Rumen metabolism and absorption of a 14C-labelled elastomeric copolymer and its value as a roughage substitute for cattle.

Several synthetic elastomeric and plastomeric polymers were tested for suitability as artificial roughages. They were fed to rumenfistulated cattle fed grain only. Several of the polymers were regurgitated, remasticated and reswallowed, and they formed thin strands of intermeshed fiber that produced a large, loosely woven hay-like mass that floated on the rumen contents. An elastomeric polymer consisting of copolymers of 80 to 90% ethylene and 10 to 20% propylene, with a tensile strength at yield of 45.7 kg/cm2, a hardness of 30 units (Shore D hardness scale) and a tensile strength at 300% elongation of 51.0 kg/cm2, was selected for further testing. The copolymer was fed at about 90 g/head daily for 127 days to cattle fed grain only. At slaughter, rumens contained an average of 8.0 kg copolymer (dry basis). Cattle fed the copolymer had healthier rumen papillae and epithelia of the abomasum and small intestines than did control animals fed grain only. Using 14C-labeled copolymer, we found that the copolymer was not degraded by rumen microorganisms or acid-pepsin solution. When 14C-labeled copolymer was fed to milking cows, no 14C activity was found in milk, blood or urine. Upon slaughter, about 100% of the 14C activity was recovered from digesta and feces. We concluded that the copolymer was not absorbed from the digestive tract.

Absorption↗

PubMed1981

Three hollow fiber dialyzers.

Hollow fiber dialyzers with a variety of sizes and performance characteristics are presently available for the dialysis of adult patients. We evaluated three currently available follow fiber adult dialyzers in vitro and in vivo during treatment of adult patients. All three dialyzers, Gambro GF-120H, Gambro GF-120L, and Travenol CF-1211 were well suited for the dialysis of adult patients. By considering the clinical status of the patients and the performance characteristics of the dialyzer (solute removal, ultrafiltration, priming volume, etc.), it is possible to employ the follow fiber dialyzer which most precisely meets the needs of the patient, without increasing risk factors associated with hemodialysis.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

The evaluation and applications of hemodialyzers for pediatric patients.

It is difficult to determine which pediatric hemodialyzer to use in a given clinical situation since there is no comprehensive comparison of pediatric hemodialyzers. We evaluated five currently available disposable pediatric hemodialyzers in vitro and in vivo during treatment of pediatric patients. Two dialyzers, Gambro Mini-Minor and Viva Cell 0.2 are well suited to small pediatric patients weighing less than 10 kg. Three of the dialyzers are well suited to the pediatric patients weighing greater than 10 kg (Gambro Minor, Cordis Dow 0.6, Viva Cell 0.5). By considering the clinical status of the child and the performance characteristics of the dialyzer (solute removal, priming volume, ultrafiltration, etc.) it is possible to employ a hemodialyzer which more precisely meets the needs of the child without increasing risk factors associated with pediatric hemodialysis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

The Lundia Mini-Minor: a disposable dialyzer for hemodialysis of very small patients.

We have in vitro and in vivo tested the new Gambro Lundia Mini-Minor pediatric dialyzer with the 17 micron membrane. By utilizing blood tubing sets of different volumes in conjunction with the Lundia Mini-Minor we feel that this dialyzer is well suited to use in pediatric patients weighing less than 16-23 kg. During the last 4 years, with the development of improved equipment and techniques, it has become increasingly easier to hemodialyze children and infants with end-stage and acute renal failure [1,2]. We have previously reported our experience with hemodialyzers designed especially for children and babies [1-5, 13, 14]. This report concerns our experience with a new disposable pediatric hemodialyzer, the Lundia Mini-Minor, which has been designed for the smaller pediatric patient weighing less than 16 kg.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1975

Effects and complications of high efficiency dialysis.

Two and three Dow Cordis Hollow Fiber and Gambro Lundia artificial kidneys were used for high efficiency dialysis in large patients, intoxications, and for rapid ultrafiltration. BUN clearances of up to 240 ml/min were achieved. One episode of severe neuropathy occurred during high efficiency dialysis, and hypotensive episodes were more common. High efficiency dialysis has certain indications particularly in intoxication cases. However, because of possible side effects more experience is needed before its ultimate place in the treatment of uremia can be ascertained.

Barbiturates↗

PubMed1975