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Biomedical subjects

R M Lerner

Publications and source records attributed to R M Lerner.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Attenuation of ultrasound: magnitude and frequency dependence for tissue characterization.

Backscattered ultrasonic waveforms from selected regions of the liver were collected from B-scans of 11 male patients ranging from 13 to 41 years of age and analyzed to determine local values of both the magnitude and frequency dependence of attenuation. Processing was based on frequency domain analysis and also incorporated precise corrections for time-varying gain, nonlinear amplifier compression, and beam diffraction, which would otherwise degrade accuracy. The results demonstrate that (a) consistent and reproducible measurements of attenuation from one scan to the next are possible within a given patient, and (b) frequency dependence can deviate significantly from the linear relationship between frequency and attenuation commonly assumed for soft tissue. Based on the accuracy of the overall analysis and the reproducibility of the results, the authors suggest that a multivariate approach to clinical tissue characterization using both the magnitude and frequency dependence of ultrasonic attenuation may be possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Splenic abscess: percutaneous drainage.

Experience with percutaneous drainage in four cases of splenic abscess is presented. Percutaneous drainage and antibiotics were curative in three of four cases. The one case not adequately treated by antibiotics and percutaneous drainage was also complicated by ascites and multilocular collections. Percutaneous drainage in this case did not adversely affect subsequent curative surgery. Percutaneous catheter drainage of splenic abscess under radiologic guidance can be a safe, effective treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

Human development and intervention in childhood psychopathology.

Changes sought by interventionists can be influenced by the classes of changes labeled "development." We argue there are several features of the child's developing physical, psychological, and behavioral characteristics that suggest the sorts of interventions that may be efficacious and the ones that may be less efficient or counterproductive. Illustrations are drawn from the literatures pertinent to such topics as systematic desensitization, cognitive-behavioral self-control therapy, interventions for social isolates, and parent training programs, and involve preventive as well as remedial/therapeutic interventions. The combined efforts of developmentalists and interventionists may contribute to clarifying one of the major issues in human development today, that of constancy and change over the life course.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1976

Physical attractiveness, physical effectiveness, and self-concept in late adolescents.

The differential role of various body attitudes in predicting the self-concepts of late adolescents (124 males and 218 females), enrolled in introductory psychology courses, was assessed. Subjects rated 24 body characteristics in terms of 1) how physically attractive they assumed these parts of their bodies were, and 2) how physically effective they assumed them to be; subjects also responded to a short self-concept scale. In accordance with the theory of Erikson (1968) and of McCandless (1970), it was expected that attractiveness attitudes should contribute more to the self-concepts of females than should effectiveness attitudes, while a reverse pattern of interrelatedness was expected for males. Results indicated a higher correspondence between what are seen as attractive body parts and what are viewed as effective body components for males than for females. Moreover, findings from step-wise multiple regression analyses of each sex group's ratings of the body parts for attractiveness and effectiveness, respectively, each with the criterion variable constituting mean self-concept score, were consistent with expectations. For females, the multiple correlation between attractiveness ratings and self-concept was greater than the multiple correlation between effectiveness ratings and self-concept, and more attractiveness variables than effectiveness variables were significant predictors of self-concept. The converse of these findings were obtained with the males' data. The relevance of these results for theories of personality development were discussed.

Adolescent↗