Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R M Khvastunov.
Asbestos dust associated with other factors induces more hazardous effects, than if acting solely. That is seen especially in women whose morbidity grows 1.5-2.0 times higher than in men of the same occupations. Further studies are recommended for better knowledge asbestos dust influence under provocative action of other hazards.
Method of assessment of ecological and hygienic risk is based on complex assessment of environmental pollution, study of its influence on the state of health taking in view of the prenosologic changes in the body, and determination of causal connections in the system "population-environment".
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Experimental study was performed to establish the characteristics of a complex action of noise and heating microclimate on some physiological and psychophysiological indices. The affecting factors were registered on one of the three possible levels: for noise--65, 80, 95 dBA; for temperatures--23 degrees, 28 degrees, 33 degrees C in 90 min. after which the recuperation process was registered for 30 min. Practically healthy male volunteers, aged 19-28, were involved in the study. It was established that the types of the physiological and psychophysiological dynamics' indices differed not only in the chart elements, but also in the characteristics of the factors' interaction, which confirmed inadvisability of using average indices of the functions studied. At all levels, the combination of the factors, their interaction were close to the additive type. This should be taken into account in the standardization procedures.
Assessment was made of the health state of the administrative personnel in a ministry, with an analysis of morbidity based on the data of a year-long outpatient observation of the ministerial officers. Instrumental techniques were used in CVS examinations, and the current health improvement measures, with due account of their effectiveness and performance, were taken into consideration. Substantiated was the applicability of the hemodynamic indices as a criterion of the effectiveness of primary and secondary prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases.
Data on the study of the influence of the combined action of chemicals on the intensity of odour is presented (ethyl alcohol, ammonium solution and acetic acid). It has been established that under the combined action of chemicals on the odour intensity summation and potentiation principles are observed significantly less frequently, that antagonism principles. The technique of the assessment of the odour intensity through the comparison with the odour of the solution of the standard scale was used, which increased the accuracy of estimations compared to that obtained with the help of the commonly used technique.
The article is devoted to the problem of improving the methods of data collection and processing in solving the question of evaluating the health effect of environmental factors. Circumstances are pointed out which hamper the acquisition of reliable and operative data. The ways of improving the effectiveness of computer use are considered.
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According to the results of a complex examination of white-collar workers the data on medical checkups, assessment of the body functional state, mental and physical work capacity, risk factors were used as criteria of their health status. Three levels of health were conditionally determined and individual measures aimed at primary and secondary disease prevention motivated along with their terms and tactics.
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When hardness of water is less than 2.2 mg-eq/l the concentration of arsenic of 0.05 mg/l and aluminum of 0.5 mg/l are regarded as threshold. Subthreshold levels do not exceed 0.01 and 0.1 mg/l, respectively. Silicon concentration of 25 mg/l is absolutely safe when using water with hardness of less than 2.5 mg-eq/l.
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When carrying on miners' follow-up, the results of the assessment of their health state on the basis of the data on the anamnesis, objective examination, morbidity and sanitary and hygienic labor conditions should be taken into account. The analysis of these data is associated with significant time losses of a physician or a group of physicians and does not guarantee against errors in the determination of medical supervision groups of miners. There is suggested an improved logical scheme of data analysis, providing exact determination of medical supervision groups with minimal time losses.
The experiments on the impact of 4 noxious substances (copper, lead, zinc and cadmium salts) were carried out separately and in all possible combinations on 2 pure lines of cell culture. It was found out that a detrimental combined effect grew more slowly than one could expect proceeding from theoretical assumptions. The technique for calculating the maximum effect of the combination of noxious substances was proposed.
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