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Biomedical subjects

R M Glass

Publications and source records attributed to R M Glass.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Subject-own-control design in evaluating clinical antidepressant effects.

This study tested the use of a subject-own-control, multiple crossover design for evaluating the clinical effects of an established tricyclic antidepressant drug, imipramine. Although significant physiological and cognitive performance effects were demonstrated, only one clinical measure, target symptom change rated by the patients, showed a statistically significant drug-placebo difference. This result is in considerable contrast to the sensitivity of similar designs in detecting the clinical effects of antianxiety drugs in studies employing less than 20 patients. Crossover designs appear to be most successful when the treated condition is continuous, rather than episodic, and the treatment effects have a rapid onset and offset.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in depressed patients.

Plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was determined for 28 patients with a major affective disorder (Research Diagnostic Criteria) and 34 controls with no current, past, or family history of a psychiatric disorder. Plasma DBH activity was higher among patients (24.6 IU +/- 25.4 IU) than controls (14.5 IU +/- 8.9 IU), and subjects with plasma DBH activity greater than 25 IU were more common among patients. Unemployment and never marrying were associated with plasma DBH activity greater than 25 IU. Finally, referred patients (n = 9) had higher DBH activity (41.8 IU +/- 37.2 IU) than those responding to newspaper advertisements (n = 19, 16.5 IU +/- 11.5 IU) although these groups differed on no other variable including past history of treatment. We conclude that high plasma DBH activity may represent a vulnerability factor for depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cognitive dysfunction and imipramine in outpatient depressive.

A group of moderately depressed, nonpsychotic outpatients had impaired performance on a short-term item-recognition memory task (compared with a group of matched normal controls) without evidence of impaired speed or attention on two simpler tasks. Compared with placebo, treatment with imipramine hydrochloride in a multiple crossover design using three-week treatment periods led to improved performance on the memory task without either clinically apparent improvement in depression or significantly improved performance on the other task rather than a specific impairment of short-term memory, but the data do support the presence of cognitive dysfunction in depression, even in ambulatory patients without substantial impairments of attention or motor functioning. The results also indicate that antidepressant drugs can produce improvement in cognitive function, possibly as a forerunner of clinical improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A single dose study of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid.

The effects of single oral doses of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, were studied in four anxious volunteer subjects. Each subject had two exposures to placebo and three dose levels of nabilone at 1 week intervals in a single blind balanced Latin square design after the nabilone dose range was determined by each subject's response to a test dose. The Profile of Mood States (POMS), a self-rating adjective checklist, was used as the quantitative measure of subjective effects. The subjects performed a continuous avoidance procedure. High doses (4 or 5 mg) of nabilone produced orthostatic hypotension. Small dose-related increases in heart rate also occurred. Despite the occurrence of highly significant levels of subjective sedation, there were no significant effects of nabilone on behavior maintained by the continuous avoidance procedure. Two of these subjects experienced an anti-anxiety effect from low (1 or 2 mg) nabilone doses, but there was no statistically significant effect on the mean POMS anxiety factor for the group as a whole. In a follow-up experiment, four other anxious subjects received comparatively lower doses of nabilone. In these subjects there were no important effects on blood pressure or heart rate, and also no anti-anxiety effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Psychiatric screening in a medical clinic. An evaluation of a self-report inventory.

A self-report symptom inventory, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist, was used as a screening test for psychiatric disorder in a group of 82 new patients in a university hospital outpatient medical clinic, and the results were compared with interviewer diagnoses. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the group was high (83%). Both parametric (discriminant function analysis) and nonparametric (contingency table) methods produced screening results from the patient self-ratings that were statistically significant but of limited accuracy in separating psychiatrically ill from well patients. Comparison of patient and interviewer ratings of symptoms indicated substantial agreement, suggesting that the screening accuracy of the symptom inventory is limited by the absence of historical and observational data.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

A comparative study of the proteins of rat plasma, liver and hepatoma by agarose immunoelectrophoresis.

A convenient and selective microtechnique, agarose immunoelectrophoresis, was applied to a comparison of the antigens in rat liver and plasma, and in primary hepatoma induced in male Fischer strain rats with N-2-fluorenylacetamide or N-hydroxy-N-2-fluorenylacetamide. Of the many soluble proteins antigenic in this system, 3 were singled out for detailed study. The albumin in liver and hepatoma had a higher mobility than that in plasma. Extraction of the soluble fraction of rat liver with ether, or treatment with absorbing charcoal, yielded an albumin band with a mobility identical to that in plasma, suggesting that liver albumin carries absorbed molecules with electronegative charges. The transferrin arc from liver, plasma and hepatoma had identical mobility. One protein with low mobility was present in higher concentration in the soluble liver fraction of male than of female rats, but it was reduced in hepatoma of male rats. The "h(2)" proteins of liver were found in the cathodic region as 5 arcs, some of which were reduced, while others were not detectable in hepatoma.

Absorption↗