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Biomedical subjects

R M Fisher

Publications and source records attributed to R M Fisher.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Postprandial substrate deposition in human forearm and adipose tissues in vivo.

1. Substrate movements in forearm muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue were studied, by measurement of arteriovenous differences and blood flow, in seven normal subjects after an overnight fast and then for 6 h after ingestion of a mixed meal. Overall substrate balances were examined in terms of the flux of gram-atoms of carbon. 2. As found previously, the forearm was approximately in carbon balance (import equal to export) after the overnight fast, whereas adipose tissue was a net exporter of carbon, mainly in the form of non-esterified fatty acids. 3. After the meal, arterialized plasma concentrations of glucose and lactate rose sharply (peak at 60 min), whereas those of non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol fell (nadir at 60-120 min). Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations rose slowly to peak at 240 min;much of this rise was accounted for by a rise in the chylomicron fraction. 4. Both tissues took up glucose at an increased rate after the meal. Release of non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol from adipose tissue was suppressed. Clearance of triacylglycerol by both tissues increased after the meal, but was more marked in adipose tissue, where the fractional extraction of chylomicron-triacylglycerol reached 44% at 240 min. 5. The forearm rapidly became a considerable net importer of carbon, and remained so until 6 h after the meal when it was again in approximate carbon balance. Glucose uptake dominated the forearm carbon balance. Adipose tissue was a net importer of carbon from 30 min until 5 h after the meal and then reverted to net export. Clearance of triacylglycerol carbon made the largest contribution to this positive balance, but towards the end of the study this was increasingly counterbalanced by simultaneous non-esterified fatty acid release.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonic features of pyogenic and amoebic hepatic abscesses.

Pyogenic liver abscesses are not infrequent in some developing countries. Amoebic abscesses may also occur in endemic areas and differentiation may be difficult. The ultrasonic data of proven cases of both conditions were compared and we are now more more confident in predicting the aetiology of these lesions.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Presentation and outcome of 25 cases of Fanconi's anemia.

Twenty-five children with Fanconi's anemia (FA) who attended the Paediatric Haematology Clinic of Red Cross Children's Hospital over the past 20 years were retrospectively reviewed. There was a female predominance with 17 girls and 8 boys in the group. The clinical features and laboratory data are enumerated. An unusually high prevalence of gastrointestinal anomalies (20%) was found. Seventeen children received an adequate trial of androgen therapy and in 12 the initial hemoglobin concentration increased by more than 2 g/dl or return to normal. Most patients subsequently required intermittent courses of androgens but three were able to stop treatment and maintain a normal hemoglobin concentration for from 3.5 to 20 years. Ten patients remain alive, of whom five had less severe hematological problems and did not require any treatment. The mean period of follow-up of the survivors is 8.7 years. Thirteen patients have died, with a mean time of 5.5 years from diagnosis to death. Of the deaths, two were due to malignant disease and one resulted from cerebral hemorrhage. The other 10 children died of confirmed or suspected infections. Treatment options of FA are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

The relationship between prognosis and scintigraphic evidence of bone metastases in neuroblastoma.

The clinical records, scintigrams, radiographic skeletal surveys, and bone marrow aspiration and trephine results of 30 children with neuroblastoma were reviewed to determine the relationship between the result of the scintigram and the clinical outcome of the patient. The nine patients with normal radiographic skeletal surveys and no evidence of bone metastases on scintigraphy are alive and well having been off treatment for between 14 and 83 months. Eleven of the 13 children who had bone metastases on scintigraphy and radiography have died, as have seven of the eight patients who had positive scintigrams and normal radiographs. Scintigraphic evidence of bone metastases is associated with a very poor prognosis irrespective of the results of other investigations.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonic assessment of infectious meningitis.

Real-time ultrasonography was performed, utilising the patent anterior fontanelle, on 82 infants with viral or bacterial meningitis. One third of the cases had normal ultrasonic appearances. The other two thirds demonstrated abnormalities of the subdural space, parenchyma and ventricles. Ventricular dilatation was the commonest abnormality and was present in 57% of the infants; ultrasonic evaluation was used to monitor the progress of treatment of these patients.

Cerebral Ventricles↗
PubMed1983

The effects of enamel wear on the metal-porcelain interface.

This study evaluated the effects of wear of human tooth enamel on the metal-porcelain interface. Failure in the porcelain half of the specimens occurred only in specimens where the metal angle was 60 degrees. There was failure in one of four of the noble metal alloy specimens. With the base metal alloy specimens, in the first group two specimens showed cracks in the preparation stage while the other two showed no sign of cracks either before or after testing. In a second group of four base metal alloy specimens with a 60-degree angle, all four specimens showed cracks in the porcelain after glazing. These specimens were repaired by grinding out the cracks and filling them with porcelain. After wear-testing, all four specimens developed cracks. The data indicate that the acute angle of metal (60 degrees) at the metal-porcelain interface was more conducive to crack formation than were the other two angles tested. Therefore, in the case of a metal-ceramic restoration, with the occlusion on the metal, an acute angle of metal would not be appropriate. Furthermore, under clinical circumstances cracks that occur after glazing, as arose with the last four base metal alloy specimens (60 degrees), probably should not be ground out and refilled with porcelain. The results of this study indicate that such a practice in a clinical situation could lead to eventual fracture of the porcelain. The porcelain half of the specimens had a deeper and wider wear track than its metal counterpart, which indicated that the porcelain is less resistant than the metal to wear by enamel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1983

The use of radionuclides in the investigation of conjoined twins.

Three sets of thoraco-omphalopagous conjoined twins were investigated. The clinical findings indicated a complex shared heart in two sets, and separate cardiovascular systems in the other. These assessments were confirmed by dynamic imaging after bolus injection of Tc-99m(Sn)colloid or Tc-99m millimicrospheres. Static images were then used to establish the configurations of the shared livers. The results of these studies were in keeping with the angiographic and autopsy findings in the two sets with complex cardiac anomalies and with the surgical findings during successful separation of the third set.

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMed1982

Oxalosis of bone.

Skeletal survey in an 8-year-old girl with primary hyperoxaluria and in chronic renal failure revealed wide translucent metaphyseal bands and defects at the ends of the long bones. Similar disordered bone growth was seen as rims of rarefaction around the large epiphyses, the patella and the tarsal bones. Bone density was generally increased. The translucent metaphyseal bands were separated from the diaphyses by an irregular line of increased bone density. Biopsy of a bone defect showed massive deposition of oxalate crystals indicative of advanced oxalosis of bone.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1978

The early development of the human skeleton: a radiographic study of fetuses impregnated with silver nitrate.

The use of a silver nitrate impregnation technique and radiography for delineation of the bones of the developing skeleton is not widely known. Using this method, a study of skeleton development was undertaken over a three-year period and special attention was paid to 20 fetuses under the age of 16 weeks. The dates at which ossification in cartilage occurred and the sequence of bone development were noted. Although the technique may be used to delineate skeletal dysplasias in the stillborn, it is best suited to fetuses aged 9--20 weeks. It may become possible to show the earliest age at which bone dysplasias affect the skeleton though this is speculative at the moment.

Bone Development↗
PubMed1976

Limb defects in the amniotic band syndrome.

The clinical and radiological findings seen in three babies born with characteristic limb defects are presented. These defects are thought to be due to intrauterine amniotic constricting bands rather than an endogenous developmental defect in the foetus. The theory of formation of bands is discussed.

Amnion↗
PubMed1976

Biliary ascariasis in children.

The ascaris is a common human parasite and has a world wide distribution. In areas where it is endemic, biliary complications are common. In our locality it occurs mainly in children, presenting with upper abdominal colicky pain usually without jaundice. We have analyzed the positive roentgenological findings of 67 cases which presented in one year. The findings on cholangiography are diagnostic. The worm is seen as a linear translucent filling defect in a dilated common bile duct. Usually it is only faintly outlined by thin tram lines and occasionally there may not be excretion of the contrast material. The attention of radiologists is brought to this condition and the appearances of ascariasis infestation of the intestines are also noted.

Age Factors↗