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Biomedical subjects

R M Doran

Publications and source records attributed to R M Doran.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Aicardi syndrome.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1994

Use of pulse oximetry to monitor venous saturation during extracorporeal life support.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of two different pulse oximeters to display continuous venous oxygen saturation through an extracorporeal bypass circuit with a degree of accuracy comparable to direct in-line oximetry. DESIGN: Prospective, comparison study of pulse oximeters (test oximeter 1 or test oximeter 2) and an in-line oximeter (test oximeter 3). SETTING: A tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Sixty-five consecutive neonates with severe cardiorespiratory failure undergoing extracorporeal life support. INTERVENTIONS: The accuracy of the oximeters was determined by simultaneously comparing the saturation displayed by the pulse oximeters (test oximeters 1 and 2) and/or the in-line oximeter (test oximeter 3) with the measured fractional venous oxygen saturation obtained at regular intervals from the extracorporeal circuit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Venous oxygen saturation was the criterion standard used to determine accuracy. Bias was defined as the mean difference between observed pulse oximeter or in-line oximeter values and the measured venous oxygen saturation. Mean biases were calculated for venous oxygen saturation measurements between 55% and 99% at intervals of 10%. Precision (the standard deviation of the bias) was calculated for low (55% to 75%), medium (76% to 81%), and high (82% to 99%) venous oxygen saturation values. A total of 983 venous oxygen saturation measurements were made and compared with simultaneous oximeter readings from test oximeter 1 (n = 600), test oximeter 2 (n = 478), and test oximeter 3 (n = 587). RESULTS: Test oximeter 1 was the most precise instrument at each level of venous oxygen saturation (SD, 4.0 to 4.8). Test oximeter 3 demonstrated the most consistent mean bias (range, 8), but was the most inaccurate oximeter across all levels of venous oxygen saturation. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to its known clinical usefulness, pulse oximetry may serve as an adequate substitute for in-line oximetry during extracorporeal life support.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1992

Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in a patient with AIDS.

A male patient is described with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who developed chronic keratoconjunctivitis and chronic sinusitis due to infection with the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Diagnosis was confirmed by electron microscopic examination of conjunctival epithelial cells and nasal polypectomy specimens. Treatment with propamidine isethionate 0.1% (Brolene) eye drops six times daily led to a prompt resolution of the keratoconjunctivitis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Preferential looking in the mentally handicapped.

We have assessed the feasibility of Preferential Looking (PL), using Teller Acuity Cards, for the estimation of binocular and monocular visual acuities in a group of mentally handicapped adults. Our results show the comparison between grating and recognition acuities, inter-observer variation, success rate, time taken and the sensitivity of this method in identifying monocular visual deficit in this group of subjects. The reasons for success or failure with PL methods in relation to criteria for mental handicap are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Preferential looking in clinical practice: a year's experience.

Preferential Looking (PL) is now a well established laboratory method of measuring visual acuity in preverbal children. We have evaluated the feasibility of its routine use in clinical practice. We present our methods and results obtained in 80 normal children and 36 children with visual disorder and discuss the problems encountered in applying this test.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

The use of computerized contrast sensitivity, Arden gratings and low contrast letter charts in the assessment of amblyopia.

Contrast sensitivity measured with an electronic display was compared with Arden gratings and low contrast letter charts in normal and amblyopic children and adults. The low contrast letter charts and the Arden gratings used in the conventional manner revealed no additional information over that obtained by conventional Snellen acuity. However, the interocular differences found with each plate of the Arden gratings compared favourably with the computerized CSF. With the addition of an extra plate to test at a higher spatial frequency, the Arden gratings would be a useful technique for monitoring amblyopia therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Assessment of vision in amblyopia.

This paper presents a brief review of clinical methods of assessment of vision in amblyopic infants and children. The problems encountered in this context include attention and motivation of the patient, and reliability and standardisation of method. Various solutions are examined and the relevance of the newer techniques of acuity estimation by preferential looking (PL), visual evoked cortical potentials (VECP) and psychophysical tests of contrast sensitivity is discussed.

Amblyopia↗
PubMed1984

Posterior capsulotomy and retinal detachment following extracapsular lens surgery.

A retrospective analysis of the results of extracapsular cataract surgery with and without implant is presented. Surgery was performed by a group of consultants and registrars from 1975 to 1982, and minimum patient follow-up was 12 months (mean 26.2 months). The incidence of postoperative capsulotomy was 14.3%, but the need for this procedure declines, becoming negligible after 3.5 years. Of 242 eligible eyes, aphakic retinal detachment occurred in only one.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Disciform macular degeneration in young adults.

We describe cases of haemorrhagic disciform macular detachment occurring in young adults in association with multifocal disease at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The cause of the original focal lesions is unknown. Our cases demonstrate a variable and unpredictable clinical course in which the disciform response may develop rapidly.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Indirect choroidal tears at the posterior pole: a fluorescein angiographic and perimetric study.

Retinal fluorescein angiographic and visual field studies were performed on 10 patients who had developed indireect choroidal tears, these procedures being repeated at intervals until the retinal disturbances stabilised. Fluorographic investigations revealed that a transient breakdown of the choroidoretinal barrier to fluorescein dye could be detected in cases investigated within 4 days of injury, and also that the late complication of neovascularisation, producing a serous maculopathy, may resolve and good central vision be retained without recourse to photocoagulation therapy. Patients who had visual field examinations performed within a few days of trauma were noted to have dense central scotomata, but some recovery occurred in most cases, although to a variable degree. Field defects away from fixation corresponded to an extent with areas of post-traumatic pigmentary retinopathy, but in some portions of retina with normal background appearances sensitivity was also noted to be reduced. Scotomata corresponding specifically to choroidal tears or nerve fibre bundle defects were not recorded. Improvement of visual acuity may be expected, except in cases where a choroidal tear has involved the fovea or progressive choroidal neovascularisation led to permanent macular damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Chorioretinitis sclopetaria.

Chorioretinitis sclopetaria occurs as a result of missiles penetrating into the orbit and grazing, but not perforating, the sclera. Localized destruction of both the retina and choroid develops adjacent to the impact site and these structures are subsequently replaced by a connective tissue response. Extensive damage is produced in the retinal circulation, which is not confined to the zones containing connective tissue plaques. Residual field defects are found to relate more closely to areas of retinal capillary non-filling than to the while scarred areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Secondary exotropia: a retrospective analysis of matched cases.

Secondary exotropia, that is exotropia following surgery for esotropia, remains frustratingly common, even among experienced strabismologists. In this study, we have compared a group of secondary exotropia cases with a matched group of cases of residual esotropia. Of the factors analyzed, only the presence of an A- or V-pattern preoperatively (P = .0077), the presence of limited postoperative adduction (P < .001), and postoperative binocular function (P = .0073) identified the secondary exotropes. The presence of reduced adduction postoperatively in subjects with secondary exotropia was a poor prognostic sign with 11 of the 13 cases requiring further surgery for poor cosmesis. The authors suggest two subclassifications of secondary exotropia.

Child↗