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Biomedical subjects

R M Burde

Publications and source records attributed to R M Burde.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical evidence for C3bi involvement in Graves ophthalmopathy.

PURPOSE: To determine by immunohistochemical methods if components of the complement system are present in Graves ophthalmopathy extraocular and periocular tissues compared with non-Graves ophthalmopathy ocular tissues, and, if so, whether a qualitative difference exists. METHODS: Orbital muscle, periorbital muscle, and adipose tissue from 10 Graves ophthalmopathy patients were studied with in situ assays using monoclonal antibodies for C3bi and C5b-9 (the terminal attack complex) complement components. Extraocular muscle, periocular muscle, and adipose tissue from 12 patients treated for unrelated orbital disorders were used as controls. RESULTS: All nine Graves extraocular and periocular muscle tissues exhibited C3bi positive staining in an intense, localized oval- to spindle-shaped reaction that appeared to represent cells on a diffuse staining background of the endomysial and perimysial connective tissues with no staining of the muscle fibers themselves. Some reactivity was seen in 6 of the 12 control muscles, but this was much less intense than that of Graves ocular muscle tissue. Only two Graves muscle samples stained minimally with the monoclonal antibody for the C5b-9 terminal attack complex while none of the control muscle samples demonstrated reactivity. Orbital fat from Graves and control patients did not demonstrate any reactivity for C3bi or C5b-9. CONCLUSION: C3bi and not C5b-9 (the terminal attack complex) is present in Graves ophthalmopathy extraocular and periocular tissues in a qualitatively greater way than in control non-Graves ophthalmopathy ocular tissue. Consequently, C3bi may contribute to the pathophysiology of Graves ophthalmopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Visual recovery in two patients after intravenous methylprednisolone treatment of central retinal artery occlusion secondary to giant-cell arteritis.

Two patients with central retinal artery occlusions secondary to biopsy-proven giant-cell arteritis lost visual acuity to no light perception but recovered to baseline acuity after treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone at a dose of 15 to 30 mg/kg/day. The potential advantages and theoretical basis of early and aggressive treatment with large-dose intravenous corticosteroids in arteritic central retinal artery occlusion are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical evidence for IgA1 involvement in Graves ophthalmopathy.

Orbital muscle, adipose tissues, and periorbital muscle from 11 patients with Graves ophthalmopathy were studied with in situ assays using monoclonal antibodies for IgA1, IgA2, IgM, and IgG. Tissue biopsies were taken from varied extraocular muscles and orbital sites. All cases were from patients with severe disease or disease of long duration. Control specimens of extraocular muscle tissues were obtained from nine patients treated for unrelated orbital disorders. Only connective tissue associated with the extraorbital muscles and periorbital muscles showed any reactivity. Of the muscle tissue obtained from patients with Graves disease all exhibited IgA1 positive staining of the endomysium and perimysium, without staining of the muscle fibers themselves. Parallel sections of orbital muscles reacted with anti-IgA2 or anti-IgM antibody failed to demonstrate staining. Control extraocular muscle tissue did not stain with anti-IgM and one control muscle of seven reacted minimally with anti-IgA2. Some reactivity with anti-IgA1 was seen in four of the seven control muscles but this was qualitatively much less than that of muscle tissue from patients with Graves disease. Monoclonal anti-IgG did not stain tissue from the six Graves specimens and three control specimens tested.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

[Pseudotumor cerebri, clinical parameters and therapeutic modalities].

Pseudotumor cerebri is a central nervous disorder with elevated intracranial pressure that is most common among young obese women. It presents with headache, transient visual obscurations and loss of central vision. Papilledema and visual field defects are frequent. Acetazolamid can be used for treatment. If medical treatment is not successful, optic nerve sheath decompression is recommended. Three patients were treated medically and there were treated surgically. Both methods stabilized or improved visual fields and central vision.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1990

Progressive visual field defects in patients with intracranial arteriovenous malformations.

Two men, aged 59 and 36 years, had large, intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Both patients developed severe, bilateral visual loss secondary to unrecognized chronic papilledema. Lumbar puncture disclosed increased intracranial pressure. Neuroimaging disclosed only vascular malformations. The patients were treated by embolization of the vascular malformations and ventriculoperitoneal shunting procedures. The malformation of one patient was excised.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Optic neuropathy and central nervous system disease secondary to Sjögren's syndrome in a child.

The authors describe a 10-year-old girl in whom optic neuropathy and central nervous system (CNS) disease developed in association with primary Sjögren's syndrome. There was angiographic evidence of cerebral vasculitis and multiple infarcts present on neuroimaging. Results of parotid biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid, and serologic analyses showed abnormalities that were consistent with the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Although the patient had optic disc pallor on initial evaluation, her color vision and acuity improved with immunosuppressive therapy, as did her other neurologic symptoms. The authors believe this represents the first reported case of optic neuropathy and CNS disease associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome in the pediatric population. The possibility of improvement in visual function with early institution of immunosuppressive therapy makes prompt diagnosis essential.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Yellow forelock--a new neuro-ophthalmological sign.

We examined a middle-aged man with a prominent yellow forelock who complained of loss of vision in both eyes. He smoked his pipe avidly and drank a little Bourbon whisky daily. The nicotine content of the forelock (21.7 ng/mg) was 10 times that of the hair on his occiput (2.23 ng/mg). A yellow forelock when associated with isolated painless visual loss suggests tobacco amblyopia.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1990

Visual loss following intranasal anesthetic injection.

Four patients had visual loss after nasal surgery. There was one instance each of branch retinal artery occlusion, central retinal artery occlusion, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. The postulated mechanism is vasospasm. The submucosal injection, under pressure, of an anesthetic with epinephrine is deemed to be causative.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Parasympathetic nuclei.

A series of experiments in monkeys using the fluorescent tracer substances Fast Blue and Nuclear yellow as well as wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase injected into the ciliary ganglion has demonstrated labeling in 3 distinct regions of the mesencephalon: (1) anterior median nucleus; (2) Edinger-Westphal nucleus; and (3) the nucleus of Perlia. Further it was shown that the caudal extent of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus reaches the level of the central caudal nucleus of the somatic complex and that the lateral visceral column divided into a major and accessory column at the junction of the middle and posterior one-third of the somatic complex.

Amidines↗
PubMed1989

Acute oculomotor nerve palsy in childhood. Is arteriography necessary?

In the past, angiography was performed in all patients as part of the initial workup for isolated oculomotor paralysis, except patients older than 40 years with pupillary sparing. The pupil-sparing group was not subjected to angiography because of a low probability of cerebral aneurysm. It is believed that the case reported here constitutes the lower age limit (14 years) for documented, isolated oculomotor paralysis due to aneurysm. It is recommended that an angiogram not be a necessary part of the workup of patients 10 years old or younger.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Amaurosis fugax. An overview.

Amaurosis fugax is an all-inclusive term for all forms of transient visual loss. Clinically, it can be divided into four identifiable symptom complexes, each with its underlying pathoetiology: embolic, hypoperfusion, angiospasm, and unknown.

Blindness↗
PubMed1989

Breakdown of the blood--aqueous barrier in the rabbit eye by infrared radiation.

Breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier was produced by infrared radiation (IR) at a heat flux from 24 to 44 J/cm2 in pigmented, but not in albino rabbits. Blood-aqueous barrier breakdown was inhibited by indomethacin and ketamine/xylazine anesthesia mixtures, but not by [D-Trp2,D-Pro7,9]-substance P. The degree of blood-aqueous barrier breakdown could be controlled by IR flux. Two models for accurate determination of the heat flux are presented.

Albinism↗
PubMed1988

Direct parasympathetic pathway to the eye: revisited.

Intraocular injections of wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase appeared to confirm previous experimental and clinical data supporting the existence of a direct, non-synapsing, parasympathetic pathway from the mesencephalon to the eye. Quantitative and qualitative differences between the two pathways were noted. The intraocular injection of the fluorescent dyes Fast blue and Nuclear yellow failed to provide mesencephalic labeling. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Amidines↗