Biomedical subjects

R Liu

Publications and source records attributed to R Liu.

382 records · Page 22Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Confronting actual practice with practice guidelines in oncology.

Improving health care quality requires the availability of data to identify and eliminate unnecessary variations in the care process. Variations can be caused by an ineffective implementation of research findings or by obstacles to the translation of research into clinical practice. The analysis of current patterns of care by the use of routine data from electronic patient records or clinical registries may help highlight these deficiencies in actual care. The growing infrastructure of information technologies and the knowledge about clinically relevant variations of routine practice may help us understand the mechanisms that are impeding the translation of research into practice. There is a need to scrutinize these variations of practice and the barriers to guideline implementation. We think that an understanding and open discussion of such reasons may help, to continuously improve the quality of patient care. This process facilitates efforts and strategies to implement evidence-based medicine in the daily routine.

Data Collection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The accuracy center of a eukaryotic ribosome.

Mutations in yeast ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNAs have been shown to affect translational fidelity. These mutations include: proteins homologous to Escherichia coli's S4, S5, and S12; a eukaryote specific ribosomal protein; yeast ribosomal rRNA alterations at positions corresponding to 517, 912, and 1054 in 16S E. coli rRNA and to 2658 in the sarcin-ricin domain of 23S E. coli rRNA. Overall there appears to be a remarkable conservation of the accuracy center throughout evolution.

Fungal Proteins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rat fibroblasts transfected with the human 70-kDa heat shock gene exhibit altered translation and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha phosphorylation following heat shock.

Heat shock inhibits translation in a wide variety of cells. After heating, eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha (eIF-2 alpha) becomes phosphorylated which prevents the binding of Met-tRNA to the 40s ribosomal subunit inhibiting initiation of translation. Thermotolerant cells demonstrate resistance to inhibition of translation by additional heating suggesting that heat shock proteins may help to maintain translational integrity following thermal stress. Here we have examined the effects of increased intracellular levels of hsp70 protein on translation and eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation using rat fibroblasts stably transfected with a cloned human hsp70 gene. We observed a decrease in the rate of translational inhibition following heat shock in both hsp70-transfected and thermotolerant cells. Upon recovery at 37 degrees C, both hsp70-transfected and thermotolerant cells exhibit a faster rate of translational recovery. Utilizing slab gel isoelectric focusing coupled with immunoblotting we demonstrate that 45 degrees C heat shock leads to a rapid 4-5-fold increase in eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation, with little difference seen between control cells and hsp70-transfected cells. However, dephosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha occurs faster in the hsp70-transfected cells. These results suggest that hsp70 may play a role in facilitating the dephosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha as well as reversing the inhibition of translation following heat shock.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of manidipine and delapril on serum lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a randomized trial with one-year follow-up.

Forty-five patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were randomly assigned to receive 10 to 40 mg of manidipine HCl or 15 to 60 mg of delapril daily for 12 months. In the manidipine-treated group were 13 women and 5 men (mean age, 48.2 years) and in the delapril-treated group 11 women and 11 men (mean age, 53.7 years). Blood samples were taken at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of treatment and again at 2 months after treatment discontinuation. Significant reductions in blood pressure were observed in both treatment groups. The reduction in diastolic blood pressure was significantly greater in the manidipine-treated patients than in the delapril-treated patients; no significant between-groups differences in systolic blood pressure were noted. Heart rate increased significantly in the manidipine group. No changes in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were noted during or after treatment. In the manidipine group, a small but significant decrease in apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and an increase in lipoprotein(a) were found at 6 months and a significant increase in apo A-II and apo E at 12 months; in the delapril group a significant decrease in apo A-I was found at 6 months. The results indicate that both manidipine and delapril are lipid-neutral antihypertensive drugs, since neither drug greatly affected serum lipid metabolism.

Adult↗