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Biomedical subjects

R Lindsay

Publications and source records attributed to R Lindsay.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Prospective double-blind trial of synthetic steroid (Org OD 14) for preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis.

A double-blind trial of Org OD 14, a synthetic steroid with an unusual endocrine profile, was conducted on 100 postmenopausal women; of these, 63 completed two years' treatment (33 Org OD 14; 30 placebo). A dose of 2.5 mg/day successfully prevented bone loss over two years, whereas a significant reduction in bone mineral content occurred in women taking placebo, the rate being comparable to that in earlier studies (p less than 0.01). At the dosage used (2.5 mg/day) Org OD 14 also significantly reduced the severity of menopausal complaints (flushing, sweating, etc). Vabra aspiration curettage in 20 cases 6-18 months after starting active treatment showed no evidence of endometrial hyperplasia, though weak proliferation of the endometrium was seen in three. Org OD 14 may provide a new approach to hormonal prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women without inducing appreciable endometrial stimulation; the potential value of Org OD 14 in osteoporosis and other post-climacteric complaints warrants further investigation.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1980

Effect of a natural and artificial menopause on serum, urinary and erythrocyte magnesium.

1. Serum, urinary and erythrocyte magnesium concentrations were measured in groups of premenopausal, postmenopausal and oophorectomized women. 2. Serum and urinary magnesium were both significantly higher in postmenopausal and oophorectomized women than in the premenopausal group. 3. Oestrogen therapy reduced both serum and urinary magnesium values in oophorectomized women to premenopausal concentrations. 4. Erythrocyte magnesium concentrations were not affected by menstrual status or oestrogen therapy.

Castration↗
PubMed1979

Adrenal steroids and the development of osteoporosis in oophorectomised women.

To explore the possibility that the wide variation in bone loss among oophorectomised women might be due to differences in adrenal androgens or their biosynthetic pathways, 18 women (10 with very fast and 8 with very slow bone loss) were selected. Serum levels of nine adrenal steroids, including the major androgens and cortisol, were measured under basal conditions and after overnight suppression followed by acute corticotropin stimulation. In addition, basal serum oestrone, oestradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, sex-hormone-binding-globulin, corticosteroid binding globulin, and urinary free cortisol were measured. The only significant differences found were that women who lost bone rapidly had significantly higher urinary free-cortisol excretion (p less than 0.001) and a paradoxically diminished cortisol response to corticotropin. These data make it unlikely that endogenous adrenal androgens or oestrogens are a major factor in preventing bone loss after cessation of ovarian function; cortisol by its catabolic effect, however, may be a significant factor in causing osteoporosis.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1979

Bone loss during oestriol therapy in postmenopausal women.

In contrast to all other oestrogens examined thus far oestriol hemisuccinate (12 mg/day) did not prevent bone loss in 28 postmenopausal women. The average bone loss, however, was somewhat less than expected from placebo studies, while the bone loss achieved by a group taking 4-6 mg/day was equal to that achieved by previous placebo groups. To be an effective agent for prevention of post-menopausal osteoporosis oestriol would have to be prescribed in daily doses considerably in excess of 12 mg.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Bone response to termination of oestrogen treatment.

Forty-three oophorectomised patients were reviewed 8 years after their initial attendance at a research clinic investigating the aetiology and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Fifteen patients who had been treated with an oestrogen did not lose a significant amount of bone during the 8 years of therapy. Patients in the placebo-treated control group initially had bone loss of 2.6% per annum, which later fell to an average of 0.75% per annum. Fourteen patients who had been treated with oestrogen for the first 4 years lost no bone, but on withdrawal of oestrogen their bone mineral content fell over the next 4 years at an average rate of 2.5% per annum. 8 years after their initial attendance there was no significant difference between this group and patients who had received placebo for the full 8 years. The result of this study indicates that long-term prevention of bone loss by oestrogens has important medical, social, economic implications.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1978

Serum and urine phosphate during short-term beta-adrenergic blockade in healthy men.

Treatment of 6 healthy adult men with a beta-blocker, timolol, resulted in a rise in serum phosphate which was maintained for the 5 days of therapy. This rise was accompanied by a transient fall in urine phosphate and a rise in the tubular maximum for phosphate reabsorption per unit glomerular filtration rate (TmPO4/GFR). No change in circulating parathyroid hormone or growth hormone could be demonstrated.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Progeston therapy for menstrually related aphthae.

Ten female patients with a history of recurrent aphthous lesions for at least 5 years with the lesions occurring regularly in the latter half at the menstrual cycle were treated with progestogen in the form of an intramuscular depot injection. Medroxyprogesterone acetate and gestronol hexanoate was used. All 10 patients were satisfied with the treatment; the side effects were few.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparative effects of oestrogen and a progestogen on bone loss in postmenopausal women.

1. The value of progestogen therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss was assessed in 30 women, by a preliminary randomized controlled trial of gestronol or mestranol, in comparison with a placebo. 2. When the skeletal response was measured by photon absorptiometry, bone mineral loss was prevented by both the oestrogen and the progestogen. 3. We confirm that mestranol significantly reduced the urinary output of hydroxyproline-containing peptide, but this did not occur during gestronol therapy, suggesting that progestogen has a different action on bone, perhaps stimulating bone formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Radiological determination of changes in bone mineral content.

It is possible to obtain reliable data of changes in bone mineral content using simple radiographic techniques. Methods available include morphometry and densitometry. Of these morphometry of the third metacarpal is most accurate in our hands and cortical width is the most reliable of such morphometric data. Densitometry produces more variable results and shows no advantage over straight measurement of cortical width. The only acceptable alternative method of obtaining information about bone status is photon absorptiometry. Results of these methods are shown in a trial of oestrogen therapy for the prevention of post-menopausal osteoporosis. The data suggest that oestrogens prevent post menopausal bone loss when this is estimated by measurement of cortical width or photonabsorptiometry.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1978

The effect of ovarian sex steroids on bone mineral status in the oöphorectomized rat and in the human.

The effect of oöphorectomy and hormone replacement therapy after oöphorectomy on bone mineral in the femur and vertebra of the rat has been studied. Oöphorectomy resulted in osteoporosis of the femur but not of the seventh caudal vertebra. The administration of a progestogen (ethynodiol diacetate 9 microgram/day) apparently prevented loss of bone mineral content of the femur. This was due to increased periosteal bone formation and widening of the femur. An oestrogen (mestranol 0.9 microgram/day) had no significant effect on the femoral osteoporosis but increased bone mineral content of the vertebra. Combined therapy with oestrogen and progestogen had no effect on any parameter of bone mineral content. The preliminary human study indicated that a progestogen may also be as effective as an oestrogen in prevention of post-menopausal bone loss. There was no evidence of reduction of bone resorption (as indicated by urinary hydroxyproline output) by the progestogen and therefore it is postulated that a progestogen might retard bone loss in the post-menopausal era by stimulating bone formation.

Animals↗