Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Liang

Publications and source records attributed to R Liang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Treatment of de novo acute myeloid leukaemia in Hong Kong: a twenty-year experience (1975 to 1996).

BACKGROUND: Small patient numbers and short follow-up are common in some acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) studies and data on secondary malignancies after treatment of AML are rare. AIMS: To determine the prognostic factors and long-term treatment results. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with de novo AML under the age of 60 over a 20-year period in which two induction therapy regimens: 7:3 (1975-1983) and 7:3:7 (1984-1996) and three consolidation chemotherapy regimens: 5:2 (1975-1983), 5:2:5 (1984-1990) and Ara-C/mitoxantrone (1991-1996) were used. Disease-free (DFS), overall survivals (OS) and prognostic factors were analysed. RESULTS: Two-hundred and two of 276 (73%) patients attained complete remission (CR). The CR rates of 7:3 and 7:3:7 regimens were 70.5% and 74.5% respectively (p=0.92). The median DFS was 12 months and the projected DFS at 10- and 20-years were 23% and 21% respectively. For patients consolidated with 5:2, 5:2:5 and Ara-C/mitoxantrone, the median DFS was 15 m, 12 m and 11 m respectively and the projected ten-year DFS were 27%, 21% and 18% respectively (p=0.2). Ninety per cent of relapses occurred within two years from remission but there were two late relapses at 109 m and 120 m respectively. Young age and FAB M3 subtype were favourable prognostic factors to OS (p=0.04) and DFS (p=0.006) respectively. There was no secondary solid tumour in the long-term survivors. CONCLUSION: Our experience confirmed the efficacy of standard-dose Ara-C/daunorubicin and the prognostic value of age and FAB subtype. Median and projected DFS were similar to western studies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation for cancer patients who are also chronic hepatitis B carriers: a review of the problem.

In places where hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic, it is often necessary to give chemotherapy to or perform bone marrow transplantation for cancer patients who are also chronic HBV carriers. When standard chemotherapy was given to lymphoma patients, elevation of liver transaminases was observed in nearly half of those who were chronic HBV carriers. Ten percent of them became jaundiced, and the overall liver-related mortality was about 5%. There is currently no reliable way to predict the severity of HBV reactivation after chemotherapy. The risk is probably higher when the chemotherapy used is significantly immunosuppressive and the viral load in the liver is high. Different strategies have been used in an attempt to reduce the risk of HBV reactivation after chemotherapy, but they have not been very successful. Further studies will be required to determine the impact of newly available antiviral agents that are active against HBV. Recipients who are carriers of HBV or who receive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive marrow are at increased risk of hepatitis B-related morbidity and mortality after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). There is evidence to suggest that prophylactic use of an active antiviral agent, such as famciclovir, may result in a significant decrease in the incidence and severity of HBV reactivation after BMT. Sustained serologic clearance of chronic HBV infection has also been reported in many HBsAg-positive marrow recipients receiving hepatitis B surface antibody-positive marrow from their allogeneic donors. There seems to be a transfer of both humoral and cellular immunity against HBV from donors to recipients. Further prospective studies are required to define the best approach to manage HBsAg-positive cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or BMT. It is recommended that all cancer patients be checked for their hepatitis B status before receiving chemotherapy or a bone marrow transplant, especially if they reside in or come from endemic areas of HBV infection.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1999

Affinity reagents for cross-linking hemoglobin: bis(phenoxycarbonylethyl)phosphinic acid (BPCEP) and bis(3-nitrophenoxycarbonylethyl)phosphinic acid (BNCEP).

Synthesis and properties of two new macrobiomolecular cross-linking reagents, bis(phenoxycarbonylethyl) phosphinic acid (BPCEP) and bis(3-nitrophenoxycarbonylethyl)phosphinic acid (BNCEP), have been reported. The reagents were successfully employed to cross-link human hemoglobin under oxygenated conditions. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) analyses of the reaction products indicated that the cross-link was intramolecular in nature, and that it was between the two beta subunits of hemoglobin in each case. The products were purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, and the purified material was employed for oxygen-binding assessments. The oxygen equilibrium curve of the cross-linked material, in each case, was right-shifted toward lower oxygen affinity as desired. The sigmoidal shapes of oxygen curves, in each case, suggested retainment of oxygen-binding cooperativity, although considerably lower than that of the native hemoglobin

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1999

Isolated uterine relapse of nasal T/Nk cell lymphoma.

A case of isolated uterine relapse of nasal T/NK cell lymphoma is reported. A 47-year old lady developed menstrual symptoms a year after attaining complete remission from her nasal T/NK cell lymphoma. Endometrial tissue showed characteristic zonal necrosis, angiocentricity and infiltration by lymphoma cells that were positive for both the characteristic immunopheotypic profile of T/NK cell (CD2+, surface CD3-, cytoplasmic CD3 [CD3epsilon]+ and CD56+) and EBER.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1999

Acute myeloid leukemia relapsing as gynecomastia.

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an increasingly common relapse feature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), late in the disease course or post bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Any solid organ can be affected, and there have been a number of reports of GS in breast tissue in female patients. We present a unique case of GS in a male AML patient, presenting as painless gynecomastia immediately before BMT at advanced disease. Aberrant expression of CD56 was found in the relapsed GS tissue but not in the original AML clone. Twelve months after allogeneic BMT, leukemia relapsed again in the same breast, with normal marrow morphology and full donor chimerism. The lesion failed to respond to donor lymphocyte infusion, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and disseminated to other subcutaneous tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Asian Pacific cooperative study of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

The first cooperative study of the Asian Pacific bone marrow transplantation group included 75 patients with early leukemia who received human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling bone marrow transplants and were randomized into granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and control groups. The selected patients were registered from 10 centers in six countries and areas within Asia (Beijing, Taipei, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, and Malaysia). The incidence of grades II-IV acute graft-vs.-host disease was 22.2%, and the 2-year survival rate was 62.7%. The period of protective isolation (27.1-66.7 days), period of hospitalization (38.6-130.5 days), and medical costs for 4 months (US $10,300-US $80,803) varied considerably. Good cooperation, i.e., low rate of protocol violation or rapid and precise presentation of case reports, was obtained.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1999

Inspiration and development of modern medical education in Henan Province.

The medical education in Henan is introduced during the period from Opium War to 1948, with emphasis laid on the developmental course of the highest academic institution, the Medical Department of Hanan Zhongshan University and several high advanced vocational nurse schools, all for western medicine, as well as officially - run Henan Medical School and several privately - run TCM schools, all for TCM, with their establishment and characteristics mentioned. It is also pointed out that this histroy can shed light on the current medical educational reform.

China↗
PubMed1998

No evidence of replication error phenotype in primary gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.

Replication error (RER) phenotype, caused by deficiency of DNA mismatch repair genes and revealed by widespread microsatellite instability, has been detected in subsets of a wide variety of solid tumors, but rarely in lymphomas in general. So far, the involvement of RER phenotype in the pathogenesis of gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type has not been conclusively established. We therefore examined 9 microsatellite loci on 5 chromosomes [D2S123, D3S11, D3S1261, D3S1262, D3S1265, D6S262, D18S559, a CTTT(T) repeat in intron 20 of RBI gene and a CA repeat in p53 locus] in 33 cases of primary gastric MALT lymphoma for evidence of microsatellite instability by polymerase chain reaction using primers end-labeled with [gamma-33P] ATP. Although novel-length allele was observed in 7 of 33 cases (21.2%), none of these 7 cases showed changes in more than one locus. RER phenotype was scored as positive in a case when more than 1 of the 9 examined microsatellite loci showed length alterations. Accordingly, none of the 33 cases had a RER phenotype. This result suggests that the pathogenesis of gastric MALT lymphoma does not involve RER phenotype. It is consistent with the general observations in lymphomas, but is highly in contrast to a previous report showing more than 50% of MALT lymphomas with the RER phenotype.

DNA Ligases↗
PubMed1998

Identification of a potential substrate binding domain in the mammalian peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2 using PEPT1-PEPT2 and PEPT2-PEPT1 chimeras.

The mammalian peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2 are energized by a transmembrane electrochemical H+ gradient and exhibit similar broad substrate specificity. These transporters however differ in their affinity for substrates, PEPT1 being a low-affinity transporter and PEPT2 being a high-affinity transporter. To identify the substrate binding domain in PEPT1 and PEPT2 which is responsible for the differing affinities, we constructed a series of PEPT1-PEPT2 and PEPT2-PEPT1 chimeras using an in vivo restriction site-independent procedure and determined their substrate affinities. A comparison of these kinetic data for different chimeras with those of the wild-type PEPT1 and PEPT2 in conjunction with the specific structural PEPT1/PEPT2 crossover regions in these chimeras has led to the identification of a putative substrate binding site, which is comprised of the transmembrane domains 7, 8 and 9 of the transporters.

Animals↗