Biomedical subjects

R Langs

Publications and source records attributed to R Langs.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Making interpretations and securing the frame: sources of danger for psychotherapists.

The basic sources of anxiety and danger experienced by psychotherapists and psychoanalysts in their work with patients are examined. Psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, since they are on a continuum, will be used interchangeably in this paper. Among the sources of such danger are the therapist's use of the two most basic interventions as required by the therapeutic needs of the patient: interpretations and securing the ground rules or framework of the ideal treatment situation and relationship. It is proposed that the present standards of interpretation and ground rules, as they characterize current psychotherapeutic practice, have been fashioned in significant measure by needs within psychotherapists to defend against their own anxieties related to the emergence and realization of their own madness within the course of a therapeutic interaction with a patient.

Anxiety↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Responses to creativity in psychoanalysts.

A discussion of "Concerning Transference and Countertransference" by Harold Searles, M.D. Searles's study, written and rejected for publication in 1948-49 contains six original contributions to these subjects. They include the definition of determinants of transference in the immediate analytic interaction, the role of projection in transference and its evocation by the analyst, its basis in actual traits of the analyst which are exaggerated, and its expression as an effort to elicit confirmatory responses. Searles also details the fullness of the analyst's participation in the therapeutic interaction and the constructive usage of countertransference reactions. The negative responses to Searles's creativity prompt the thesis that every professional has a wish to both accept and destroy the innovator and his innovations. Factors include envy, a dread of inner turmoil, impingements on countertransference defenses, and deviations in the conditions of training analysts. These reactions are paralleled by refractoriness to the patient's unconscious creativity and efforts to cure the analyst. The manifestations of these hostile reactions and the innovator's responses to them are discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Truth therapy/lie therapy.

In this paper an attempt is made to conceptualize a basic dimension of various psychotherapeutic treatment modalities, especially psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy. The central variable under consideration is the extent to which each endeavors to approach the truth within both patient and therapist as it exists dynamically in terms of their spiraling unconscious communicative interaction. That treatment modality which takes into account every possible dimension of such truths is termed truth therapy. Treatment modalities that make no attempt to arrive at these truths or that deliberately or inadvertently falsify their nature are termed lie or barrier therapies. Extensive consideration is given to truth therapy and the truth system on which it is based. The basis for the need for lie therapies is explored, and lie systems, which may arise from either patient or therapist, or both, are identified. A classification of common types of lie patients and lie therapists (and their main techniques) is offered. The implications of this delineation for our understanding of the dynamic therapies are discussed, and a number of new clinical issues arising from this perspective are addressed.

Communication↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Some communicative properties of the bipersonal field.

This paper delineates three major types of communicative bipersonal fields: Type A, the symbolic field of illusion and play; Type B, the field of action in discharge and projective identification; and Type C, the static field characterized by impenetrable barriers, falsifications, destruction of meaning, and a rupture of the link between patient and therapist or analyst. The development of this conceptualization is traced through a review of the author's prior contributions and the relevant literature. Several illustrative clinical vignettes are presented. A number of major implications of the basic formulation are discussed, including their relevance to individual communicative styles, the nature of contents and defenses in each field, the distinctive interventions required, and the interaction between patient and therapist in each of the three communicative modes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗