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Biomedical subjects

R Lange

Publications and source records attributed to R Lange.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Thrombocytopenic purpura caused by Borrelia burgdorferi?].

In November 1983 a woman born in 1902 was found to have thrombocytopenic purpura with a platelet count of 14,000/microliter. Examination of the sternal marrow resulted in a suspected diagnosis of Werlhof's disease. Platelet counts dropped at times to below 7,000/microliter during immunosuppressive treatment with corticosteroids and azathioprine of three months' duration. When this treatment was discontinued spontaneous remission occurred until July 1984. Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans was diagnosed in August 1987. The IgG antibody titre against Borrelia burgdorferi of 1:2,000 in whole blood and the late manifestation of Lyme disease (chronic acrodermatitis atrophicans) suggest a causal relationship with the previous thrombocytopenic purpura.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Interaction of a spin-labelled cholesterol derivative with the cytochrome P-450scc active site.

The cholesterol analogue 25-doxyl-27-nor-cholesterol (CNO), was found to be a substrate for cytochrome P-450scc. Upon incubation with the cytochrome P-450scc electron transfer system, CNO is transformed to pregnenolone (Km = 33 microM, Vmax = 0.32 min-1). The pregnenolone formation from endogenous cholesterol is strongly inhibited by CNO (50% at 5 microM). It binds tightly to cytochrome P-450scc as evidenced by a reversed type I spectral absorbance change (Kd = 5.9 microM) which is paralleled by a greater hyperfine splitting of the room-temperature CNO ESR spectrum due to an enhanced probe immobilization (Kd = 1.9 microM). This finding is in accord with a rotational correlation time of about 10(-7) s, which is close to the tumbling rate of the protein. At 110 K the CNO-bound cytochrome P-450scc displays the ESR g-values gx = 2.404/2.456, gy = 2.245 and gz = 1.916; these are different from those of cholesterol-liganded cytochrome P-450scc and may thus serve as a marker for cytochrome P-450scc. Our data indicate that the stereospecificity of the cytochrome P-450scc side-chain-cleaving activity is not dependent on the nature of the cholesterol side-chain termination (C25 to C27). The substrate binding site is however rather sensitive to a modification of the side chain. The doxyl ring confers a stronger affinity of the substrate to the enzyme. Upon binding it becomes embedded in the protein matrix, and we estimate that its final position is 0.6-1.0 nm from the heme moiety.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1988

[Intramyometrial PGF2 alpha administration in the control of severe atonic postpartum hemorrhage].

The authors report on five cases of massive atonic uterine haemorrhage which could be influenced neither by repeated application of oxytocin nor by methylergometrin. Intramyometrial application of PGF2 alpha succeeded in inducing a satisfactory uterine tone and stopping the haemorrhage. With regard to own experiences and data from only few publications dealing with the use of prostaglandin in atonic haemorrhage, the authors consider transvaginal intramyometrial application of PGF2 alpha to be an effective method to circumvent an emergency hysterectomy. However, this should occur sufficiently early and in a dose of not less than 1 mg.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1988

Non-melanoma skin cancer occurring in patients treated with PUVA five to ten years after first treatment.

Continued prospective study of the 1,380 patients enrolled in the PUVA study for 10 years after first exposure to PUVA demonstrates a strong association between cumulative exposure to PUVA and an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. For tumors occurring at least 58 months after first treatment, after adjustment for age, sex, and area of residence, we observed that patients with more than 260 treatments had an 11-fold increase in risk compared to patients who had received 160 or fewer treatments during the same interval (P less than 0.01). Comparable increases in relative risk were noted in patients of all skin types, irrespective of prior ionizing radiation exposure. We also noted a modest dose-dependent increase in the risk for the development of basal cell carcinoma for patients who received an excess of 200 treatments compared to those who had received fewer than 160 treatments within the same time period (P less than 0.05). Tumors detected in our cohort exhibit biologic behavior similar to non-melanoma skin cancers associated with sun exposure. Careful monitoring and early detection should limit the morbidity associated with these tumors.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Cardiovascular disease, cancer, and cause of death in patients with psoriasis: 10 years prospective experience in a cohort of 1,380 patients.

After 10 years of prospective study of a cohort of 1,380 patients with psoriasis enrolled in the Photochemotherapy (PUVA) Follow-up Study, our data show that the incidence of death and causes of death were comparable to those expected in the general population. We noted no increase in cardiovascular mortality, but observed that cirrhosis caused more deaths among our cohort than in the general population (Standard Mortality Ratio: 4.7, P less than 0.05). The overall incidence of non-cutaneous cancer was slightly but not significantly elevated in our population (Standard Mortality Ratio = 1.2, P greater than 0.05). In an analysis of individual sites, we observed significant increases in the incidence of colonic cancer and primary neoplasms of the central nervous system. We found no significant increase in the incidence of lymphoma, leukemia, or malignant melanoma within our cohort. Because of the possible long latency time and the low incidence of these malignancies only continued follow-up of this cohort can assure us that PUVA therapy does not substantially alter the risk for the development of these conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cardiac and side effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha in patients with extrasystoles.

In 17 patients with cardiac extrasystoles, prostaglandin (PG) F2a (= alpha) administered intravenously at consecutive infusion rates of 25 to 100 micrograms/min showed the following effects in a dose-dependent manner: prolongation of total electromechanical systole, pre-ejection period, and left ventricular ejection time, indicating a negative inotropic activity, increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and incidence of side effects. An additional 2 patients were excluded from the uniform evaluation because the PGF2a dosage was changed owing to a clear antiarrhythmic action in one and serious side effects in the other. The results supplement clinical-pharmacological findings with PGF2a.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Comparison of 2 simple surgical methods: posterior colpoceliotomy versus laparoscopy--competition or synergism?].

Celiocolpotomy and laparoscopy often have the same indications, such as oviduct sterilization or diagnostical inspection of the inner genital organs. In order to evaluate their significance in comparison, we examined the course of operation as well as postoperative development in 773 cases in our department in which either a celiocolpotomy (CCP n = 441) or laparoscopy (n = 332) had been performed. Both surgical methods were compared regarding indication, intra- and postoperative complications as well as surgical advantages an disadvantages. Concerning severe intraoperative complications and "failures" both methods appeared equivalent. The rate of--mostly bland--postoperative disturbances (urinary tract infection, rises of temperature) was higher in the CCP group. Regarding the results, it seems recommendable not to view both methods in competition, but to apply them synergistically: factors such as parity, obesity, prior operations, necessity to inspect the entire abdominal cavity as well as the probability and possibility to perform successfully under circumvention of laparotomy should be carefully valued in deciding which surgical method to chose.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Surgical treatment of acute conditions of Crohn disease].

A conservative attitude to surgical treatment of Crohn's disease may endanger patients, lives, especially in acute situations. Indications for emergency operation and intraoperative management are subject to special rules. Resection should be minimal but terminated in a marcospically disease-free area. In case of performation, resection is mandatory; mere sewing closed is inadequate. Subtotal colectomy should be performed in cases of toxic megacolon. Abscesses should be drained using a pig-tail catheter; if the abscesses do not heal, surgery is necessary.

Abscess↗
PubMed1988

[Anesthesia in transurethral surgery].

Transurethral resection (TUR) is a surgical operation generally performed in elderly patients, afflicted with polymorbidity and a high risk for anaesthesia. We studied 1351 transurethral resections during the years 1974-1984: 840 of these procedures were done under regional block--spinal as well as epidural--and 511 in general anaesthesia. Results and complications were related to the applied technique of anaesthesia. Considering that especially the very old patients belong to the regional anaesthesia group where general anaesthesia is known to be dangerous, the results of this study confirm definitely that regional anaesthesia is at present the most appropriate technique for TUR surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Interaction of adrenal and pancreatic hormones in the control of hepatic enzymes during development.

In the liver of suckling rats, the synthesis of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase, serine dehydratase, and phosphofructokinase 2 as well as of renal beta-glucosidase is controlled by the circulating concentrations of adrenal and pancreatic hormones. Glucagon is capable of stimulating enzyme synthesis only in the presence of a steroid hormone. Dexamethasone and estradiol have been found to exert a permissive function on the inducibility of the studied enzymes by glucagon. Between the hormones of the adrenal medulla and glucagon antagonistic effects in enzyme induction were observed. Obviously, this antagonism is mediated by the alpha 1-adrenergic signal transferring system. A characteristic age dependence of enzyme induction by dexamethasone has been established. This might be correlated to alterations in the degree of methylation of the respective promoters. The methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine influences significantly the enzyme induction by glucocorticoid hormones.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1987

Lower-extremity compartment syndromes associated with use of pneumatic antishock garments.

Pneumatic antishock garments (PASG) are frequently used to initially support and manage traumatic hypovolemic shock. PASG have been implicated in the development of complicating compartment syndromes of the lower extremities, but cause and effect have not been clearly defined. The present report documents the occurrence of bilateral compartment syndromes in uninjured lower extremities after using PASG and reviews similar reported cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Developmental changes of the alpha-1-adrenergic receptor system in rat liver.

The alpha-1-adrenergic receptor system in liver plasma membranes purified from rats of different ages were quantified by means of the [3H]prazosin binding assay. Maximum binding was found to increase with age. The binding constant, however, does not change significantly. Coupling of the receptor to the nucleotide-binding protein was studied by competitive displacement analysis of [3H]prazosin binding with norepinephrine (NE) in the presence and in the absence of guanyl-5'-yl-imidodiphosphate (GppNHp). GppNHp induced a shift in the NE-displacement curves to lower affinities in membranes of adult rat livers, but not in liver membranes prepared from 12-day-old rats. Computer analysis showed that in the adult liver the displacement curves fit a two site binding model in the absence of GppNHp and in its presence a one site model. In liver membranes of adult rats more than 70% of the alpha-1-receptor population are apparently in the high affinity form, whereas in 12-days old rats the percentage is only 30%. Protease inhibitors were found without effect on the displacement curves. The phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) blocks the stimulation of glycogenolysis by alpha-1-agonists in hepatocytes of adult rats without changing their binding capacity for [3H]prazosin. The liver of newborn rats strongly responds towards exogenous stimulation by alpha-1-agonists.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

The fragile site (16) (q22). I. Induction by AT-specific DNA-ligands and population frequency.

The rare fragile site at 16q22 was experimentally induced in lymphocyte cultures with various AT-specific, non-intercalating DNA-ligands. The optimum conditions for the induction of fra(16)(q22) were determined. The best expression of fra(16)(q22) was found with the aromatic diamidine berenil which is recommended for further studies on this fragile site. The results indicate that fra(16)(q22) is a region with AT-rich, late replicating DNA. The simultaneous treatment of lymphocytes with berenil and aphidicolin (inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha) induces both the rare fra(16)(q22) and the common fra(16)(q23) within the same chromosome. A population study on 350 unselected individuals showed that fra(16)(q22) is the most common of all rare autosomal fragile sites in man. The frequency of individuals heterozygous for fra(16)(q22) is 5.1%, no homozygosity for fra(16)(q22) was detected. Statistical analysis indicates that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to the fragile and non-fragile chromosomes 16.

Base Sequence↗