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Biomedical subjects

R Lang

Publications and source records attributed to R Lang.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Alveolysis in adolescents: prevalence and correlation with the DMF index, the OHI-S index and the PM index according to sex, age and occupation (Geneva 1970-1972)].

A randomized sample of 1392 girls and boys, 16 to 20 years old and living in the canton of Geneva have been studied through their own history, clinically and radiologically in 1970-72 during an epidemiological and socio-economical study. The rate of alveolar bone resorption (radiographic method of Marshall-Day and Shourie, with Schei grid), the degree of gingival inflammation (PM index), the oral health (OHI-S index) and the carious frequency (DMFS index) have been determined. For the same sample, an indication of the duration of caries prevention through fluoride tablets, the frequency of daily toothbrushing and the dento-facial anomalies (Angle classes) were known. Through statistical analysis, it was shown that the mean rate of alveolar resorption was 0.85 (standard deviation 1,99) for the whole sample, that 24,16% of the subjects had a zero rate, 90% of the children having a rate of no more than 3,74 and that the maximum observed rate was 20. On the other hand, this bone resorption rate was statistically significantly correlated with the PM index and the OHI-S index. However no significant correlation has been shown between alveolar resorption and the other oral characteristics such as carious attack, toothbrushing, duration of caries prevention, dento-facial anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Cystometric investigations of neurogenic bladder-dysfunction in children (author's transl)].

Clinical and cystometrical studies were performed in 48 patients with myelomeningocele. From the clinical point of view four of the patients were completely continent. Fiften patients showed a so called "social continence" with periods of continence lasting for more than two hours (40%). Cystomanometric evaluations, however, revealed that there was a complete continence only in one of the 48 patients. Twenty-one patients showed a spastic or reflex bladder (44%), twentysix (54%) an adynamic bladder. The so called "social continence" could be observed as well in spastic-as in adynamic bladders. The most important parameters to realize neurogenic disturbances of micturition is the dyssynergia of the contraction of the detrusor muscle and the relaxation of the external vesical sphincter. Considering this, Stark's classification of adynamic and spastic bladders according to amplitude of the contractions of the detrusor muscle is helpful only in combination with the cystometrical and myographical datas of the bladder outlet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[The importance of changes in whole-body balance of sodium and noradrenaline in essential hypertension (author's transl)].

In 22 patients with essential hypertension plasma levels and urine excretions of sodium and noradrenaline were studied before, during and after long-term beta-blockade with pindolol. The relation between mean blood pressure and the quotient of sodium-/noradrenaline-excretion changed during treatment (placebo r=-0.34; pindolol r=+0.31). During placebo there existed a significant (p is less than 0.03) correlation between blood pressure and sodium-excretion which disappeared during beta-blockade. No correlation between blood pressure and noradrenaline was seen during placebo, whereas during beta-blockade a significant (p is less than 0.003) correlation was observed. In contrast to the placebo period there was a significant positive correlation between sodium- and noradrenaline-excretion during long-term treatment with pindolol. It is concluded that whole-body balance of sodium and noradrenaline is an important factor in essential hypertension.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

[A field study with the combination of Pindolol and Clopamid in antihpertensive therapy (author's transl)].

In a field study comprising 678 patients with arterial hypertension efficacy and tolerance of the stable combination VKB 105 consisting of 10 mg Pindolol (Visken) and 5 mg Clopamid (Brinaldix) were investigated. Treatment with 1--2 tablets of VKB per day resulted in a successful therapy in 94% of all patients corresponding on the average to a reduction in blood pressure to 145/85 mm Hg within 14 days. In mean arterial pressures ranging between 120 and 170 mm Hg a positive linear relationship between the individual initial value and the hypotensive effect of the combination could be observed. A controlled omission trial disclosed qualitatively the respective contribution to the effect of the two components Pindolol and Clopamid. With a systematic case control of the serum potassium under the combined therapy with VKB 105 and during a monotherapy with Clopamid and antihypokalaemic effect of Pindolol could be demonstrated diminishing the tendency for potassium loss. The result revealed a far-reaching potassium neutrality of diuresis-depending stimulation of renin by the beta-receptor blocker. In 61 patients altogether subjective side-effects could be recorded, such as vertigo (5%), palpitations (2.8%), fatigue (2%), insomina (1.9%), nausea (1.7%) and vomiting (0.8%). Laboratory controls gave no indication for clinically relevant changes.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Mammalian spot test with moxnidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole.

Moxnidazole [3-(5-nitrol-1-methyl-2-imidazolyl)-methyleneamino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone, HCl], known to be mutagenic in microbial tests and Drosophila, induced genetic alterations in somatic cells of mice. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) served as positive control.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Strategies for detecting heritable translocations in male mice by fertility testing.

Data from a heritable translocation test were analysed to estimate the best rule for classification of F1 males in normals or partially sterile translocation carriers according to litter size or numbers of live and dead implants per mating. Six rules were compared for classification with up to three litter sizes per F1 male observed. The results indicate that a translocation rate of 2%, or at best of 1%, can be detected with reasonable cost.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Heritable translocation test and dominant-lethal assay in mice with methyl methanesulfonate.

A dominant-lethal test and a heritable translocation test were performed with methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) at 40 mg/kg by treating the sensitive periods of post-meiotic spermatogenesis i.e. spermatozoa and spermatids. In the dominant-lethal test 25 to 60% dominant-lethal mutations were obtained depending on the mating intervals. In the heritable translocation test 11% sterile and partially sterile F1 males were observed in 250 offspring of the MMS group. All of the 14 partially sterile and 6 of the 14 sterile F1 males were demonstrated to be translocation carriers. Fertility of the partial steriles was about 40% of normal fertility. The translocation frequencies in the primary spermatocytes of the partially sterile F1 males varied between 2 and 99%. Transmission of partial sterility and translocations was confirmed in the F2 generation. There were no partially sterile or sterile males among the 245 controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of long-term calcitonin therapy on the clinical course of osteogenesis imperfecta.

10 children with osteogenesis imperfecta, 4 with "tarda" and 6 with "congenita" varieties of the disease, were treated with salmon calcitonin (SCT) for intervals ranging from 14 to 35 months. Responses to SCT therapy in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta tarda were characterized by an apparent decreased fracture incidence in three, a fall in either alkaline or acid phosphatase, and a rate of increase in forearm bone mass which was greater than that observed in an untreated "tarda" population. The chemical response SCT therapy varied in children with osteogenesis imperfecta congenita, only one demonstrating a decrease in both acid phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline. Three others responded with a rise in acid phosphatase, two of whom also demonstrated a fall in urinary hydroxyproline; in two other "congenita" patients urinary hydroxyproline was actually higher after SCT treatment and acid phosphatase relatively unchanged. Alkaline phosphatase was normal in all "congenita" patients before and following the SCT treatment interval. These varied biochemical responses were associated with temporary increments in bone mass early in the treatment course, although in bone mass early in the treatment course, although one "congenita" patient with the largest calciuric response to SCT and an increase in hydroxyproline excretion demonstrated progressive increments in skeletal mineral content during a 14-month treatment interval. In both "tarda" and "congenita" subjects, parathyroid hormone was unchanged by chronic SCT treatment; SCT-antibodies were detectable although biological responsivity to SCT persisted.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

[Immunosuppressive treatment of Behçet's disease (author's transl)].

Report on the results of immunsuppressive therapy in 6 patients with Behçet's disease. A combined regimen of azathioprine and cortisone improved the course of the disease and diminished the number of recidives. In order to prevent irreversible damage to the eye early immunosuppressive therapy is advocated. Because of possible side-effects of azathioprine the necessity of further treatment should be reevaluated after several months without symptoms and then gradually terminated.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1977

[Functional bucco-dental restoration cost for adolescents aged 16 to 20 in the Geneva resident population (survey 1970-72). I. -- Description of estimates (author's transl)].

In 1970/72, a random sample of 1392 adolescents of the population irrespective of nationality and sex has been drawn, using computer equipment, from the Geneva (Switzerland) resident population, ages 16 to 20 years. The sampling fraction was 13%. These adolescents were interviewed for case history, and then underwent clinical, radiological and photographic examination by a medically trained team including a dentist and a dental hygienist. The sampling had been designed so as to avoid selection regarding the adolescents' sex and occupation (student/apprentice/young labourer) or the parents' socio-professional category. Comprehensive epidemiological data concerning the main dental and periodontal diseases are thus recorded to allow estimation of the individual cost for a complete functional restoration of the dentition and the periodontium (orthodontic treatments not included). The estimating arithmetic is performed on the computer by means of an original program worked out especially for cost estimation referring to an approved list of fees for medico-dental treatments. The first part of the article, as published below, reports the relative frequency distributions of estimated cost depending on age, sex and occupation separately as well as jointly. Moreover, these distributions are summarized by their basic descriptive statistics (medians, quartiles, ranges, extreme values, etc.). At first sight, it seems that by and large the median cost is higher for boys than for girls, and that there is evidence for an increasing trend with respect to age; young labourers rank somehow between students and apprentices. The data seem to exhibit a decreasing trend of median cost as regards ascending socio-professional category. Besides this trend is maintained when duration of caries prophylaxy by means of fluorine tablets intake is accounted for. Average number of daily tooth brushings also positively correlates with median cost, whereas the latter does not seem to depend very closely on time elapsed since the latest appointment with the adolescent's dentist. In another connection, the present paper indicates the overall cost (as well as cost for certain treatment subgroups) estimated for the sample on the one hand, for the whole population on the other hand.

Adolescent↗