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Biomedical subjects

R Lal

Publications and source records attributed to R Lal.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of DDT on cell population growth, cell division, and DNA synthesis in Stylonychia notophora (Stokes).

The effect of DDT on growth and DNA synthesis in Stylonychia notophora was investigated. DDT at a concentration of one ppm did not alter the cell population growth and the morphology of the organisms. However, 50 and 100 ppm DDT inhibited growth and cell division. Continuous treatment of the organisms with 100 ppm DDT produced several nuclear abnormalities. Cells treated with 100 ppm DDT in G1 did not enter S-phase while DNA synthesis was blocked in those cells treated in S-phase.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1978

Cellulolytic activity of some soil fungi.

The cellulolytic activity of some soil fungi isolated from soil and decomposing pieces of plant material was observed to depend upon the genera of fungi, the nature of substrate and the temperature. The cellulase produced in the presence of cellulose powder was active against CMC and vice versa.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Substance abuse in children and adolescents.

Consumption of licit and illicit substances has increased all over the world and the age of initiation of abuse is progressively falling. The common drugs of abuse amongst children and adolescents in India are tobacco and alcohol. Use of illicit drugs like cannabis and heroin have also been reported. A high prevalence of drug use and even intravenous use among street children and working children is a matter of concern. Although initiation to drug use usually occurs during adolescence, the adolescent drug users are seldom seen in various treatment centres. Thus community based programmes are beneficial for prevention and treatment of substance abuse among children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary continence following posterior urethral valves treatment.

This retrospective study discusses the incidence of symptomatic voiding dysfunction, the etiological factors and the changes with age and with increasing duration of follow up in 67 boys treated for posterior urethral valves and followed up for a period ranging from 1-21 years. Twenty three of the 67 patients (34.3%) had symptomatic voiding dysfunction; the commonest symptom being nocturnal enuresis with diurnal urgency and frequency. Data in this study suggests a definite decrease in the incidence of urinary incontinence as the patient grows older or as the duration of follow up after valve fulguration increases. A Tc-99m DRCG based uroflowmetry was available in 31 of the 67 patients at the time of this review and evidence of detrusor dysfunction was identified in 9 of the 31 patients on the basis of uroflowmetry. Of significance was the detection of detrusor dysfunction on uroflowmetry in 3 patients with a history of normal urinary control and urinary stream with persistent post treatment hydroureteronephrosis eventually culminating into renal failure. Imipramine therapy was given to 10 of the 17 patients with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency and nocturnal enuresis with a significantly symptomatic improvement in 9 of these patients. Urinary incontinence, detrusor dysfunction and its effect on the upper tracts and renal function is a significant determinant of the long term outcome of the boys treated for posterior urethral valves and this paper emphasises on the need to carefully evaluate and treat this aspect of all valve patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute toxicity study of the oil from Azadirachta indica seed (neem oil).

The seed oil of Azadirachta indica (neem oil) is well known for its medicinal properties in the indigenous Indian system of medicine. Its acute toxicity was documented in rats and rabbits by the oral route. Dose-related pharmacotoxic symptoms were noted along with a number of biochemical and histopathological indices of toxicity. The 24-h LD50 was established as 14 ml/kg in rats and 24 ml/kg in rabbits. Prior to death, animals of both species exhibited comparable pharmacotoxic symptoms in order and severity, with lungs and central nervous system as the target organs of toxicity. Edible mustard seed oil (80 ml/kg) was tested in the same manner to document the degree to which the physical characteristics of an oil could contribute to the oral toxicity of neem oil.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Soil organic carbon pools and sequestration rates in reclaimed minesoils in Ohio.

A chronosequence of reclaimed minelands under two land uses was studied to determine the potential of minesoil reclamation to sequester carbon (C). Effects of four treatments, consisting of pasture and forest with and without topsoil application, were assessed on temporal changes in soil C pool. The control sites were a 70-yr-old marginal agricultural land under pasture and a 65-yr-old reclaimed forest land. The soil organic carbon (SOC) pool of pasture treatment with topsoil application increased from 9.2 to 55.4 Mg ha(-1) after 25 yr for the 0- to 15-cm depth and from 7.8 to 37.8 Mg ha(-1) for the 15- to 30-cm depth. The rate of SOC sequestration in the pasture treatment ranged from 0.5 to 3.1 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) for the 0- to 15-cm depth, and from 0.4 to 1.9 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) for the 15- to 30-cm depth over the 25-yr period. The SOC pool of forest treatment with topsoil application increased from 14 to 48.4 Mg ha(-1) in 21 yr for the 0- to 15-cm depth, and from 8.4 to 14.5 Mg ha(-1) for the 15- to 30-cm depth. The rate of SOC sequestration in the forest treatment ranged from 0.7 to 2.3 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) for the 0- to 15-cm depth and from 0.3 to 0.4 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) for the 15- to 30-cm depth over the 21-yr period. The pasture and forest treatments without topsoil application were a minimum of 30 yr old and hence, the SOC pools were almost constant ranging between 60 and 70 Mg ha(-1) for the 0- to 15-cm depth and 30 and 40 Mg ha(-1) for the 15- to 30-cm depth.

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predominance of HIV-1 subtype A and D infections in Uganda.

To better characterize the virus isolates associated with the HIV-1 epidemic in Uganda, 100 specimens from HIV-1-infected persons were randomly selected from each of two periods from late 1994 to late 1997. The 200 specimens were classified into HIV-1 subtypes by sequence- based phylogenetic analysis of the envelope (env) gp41 region; 98 (49%) were classified as env subtype A, 96 (48%) as D, 5 (2.5%) as C, and 1 was not classified as a known env subtype. Demographic characteristics of persons infected with the two principal HIV-1 subtypes, A and D, were very similar, and the proportion of either subtype did not differ significantly between early and later periods. Our systematic characterization of the HIV-1 epidemic in Uganda over an almost 3-year period documented that the distribution and degree of genetic diversity of the HIV subtypes A and D are very similar and did not change appreciably over that time.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗