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Biomedical subjects

R Lahtinen

Publications and source records attributed to R Lahtinen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Abnormalities of chromosome 13 in myelofibrosis.

19 patients with myelofibrosis, primary or following polycythaemia vera were studied cytogenetically. Bone marrow cells, unstimulated and stimulated cells from peripheral blood were investigated. 7 patients were found to have clonal aberrations, 3 of whom had a structural rearrangement of chromosome 13. In 2 additional cases single mitoses with 13q- were found. Reviewing the files on patients previously studied in our laboratory, 2 more patients with 13q- markers were noted. Both had had haematologic disorders in which fibrosis of the bone marrow can be found, but this feature could not be evaluated retrospectively, because no biopsies had been taken. Our data and those found in the literature suggest that rearrangements of 13q12----q22 are often associated with myelofibrosis, both in its primary form or following polycythaemia vera.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Increased bone marrow blood flow in polycythemia vera.

Bone marrow blood flow was measured in polycythemia vera, in compensatory and in relative polycythemia with a 133Xe washout method. In the treated polycythemia vera bone marrow blood flow was significantly increased compared with the age-matched controls. The fraction of blood flow entering the bone and flowing through the hematopoietic marrow was markedly increased in both the untreated and the treated polycythemia vera. Although the number of observations in compensatory and relative polycythemia was small, the results suggest that bone marrow blood flow is not markedly increased in these diseases. The results also suggest that in older patients the simple 133Xe method may support the diagnosis of polycythemia vera.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cerebral blood flow in polycythaemia vera.

Haematological variables, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cardiac index were investigated in 14 patients with polycythaemia vera undergoing venesections. The most important determinant of the CBF was the age of the patients (r = 0.52, p less than 0.05). CBF improved after venesection in the patients in whom the blood volume removed by venesections was over 1000 ml (from 28 to 34 ml/100 g/min; p less than 0.005) and in elderly patients with very low initial CBF (less than or equal to 25 ml/100 g/min) at the haematocrit levels higher than 0.45 (p less than 0.02). Venesections did not change cardiac index. It is suggested that the importance of the haematocrit level as a regulator of CBF increases with age.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

The Finnish leukaemia group: levamisole in maintenance therapy of acute myeloid leukemia in adults.

The Finnish Leukaemia Group has carried out a randomized, multicenter trial to study the effect of levamisole on the remission maintained with 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate in acute myeloid leukaemia in adults. Levamisole was given on 3 consecutive days every 2 weeks. Twenty-five patients received only chemotherapy, while 26 patients received levamisole as well. The patients receiving levamisole showed significantly better remission duration than those given only chemotherapy (P = 0.033, Mantel's summary chi 2-text). There are four long term survivors in the levamisole group versus none in the chemotherapy group. The remissions have lasted 48-75 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Intraosseous fat in 133Xe bone circulation measurements.

The amount of intraosseous fat in the proximal femur is exponentially dependent on a coefficient that has been formulated from the bone attenuation curve using 241Am bone mineral absorptiometry of the distal radius in the same subject. The coefficient enables estimation of the 133Xe partition coefficient between blood and nonhematopoietic tissues of bone. Bone circulation can then be measured in the proximal femur in diseases that affect the whole skeleton.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Non-invasive evaluation of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in man.

Measurements of radionuclide first-pass left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEFrn) were carried out in 37 patients receiving doxorubicin and/or daunorubicin treatment for their malignant disease. The validity of the systolic time intervals (STI) and echocardiography (ECHO) in the detection of left ventricular dysfunction was evaluated using LVEFrn as reference method. LVEFrn showed a significant decrease in left ventricular function with cumulative anthracycline doses inpatients with and without previous clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. A multiple regression analysis showed that the impairment in LVEFrn was significantly correlated with the cumulative anthracycline dose, patient's age and previous cardiovascular disease. In five patients (one without previous cardiac disease, one with coronary artery disease, three with hypertension) the drug had to be withdrawn due to signs or symptoms of cardiac dysfunction. The sensitivity and the specificity of STI and ECHO in the detection of left ventricular dysfunction remained rather low as compared with the results by LVEFrn.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Bone and bone-marrow blood flow in chronic granulocytic leukemia and primary myelofibrosis.

Blood flow in hematopoietic bone marrow and in nonhematopoietic bone has been measured with a Xe-133 washout method in 20 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and in seven with primary myelofibrosis. Age-matched healthy persons served as controls. Bone-marrow blood flow in CGL was dependent upon the phase of the disease. In the metamorphosis phase, bone-marrow blood flow was high compared with that in the well-controlled phase. Apart from the initial phase, the mean values for bone blood flow in CGL were increased compared with the values of the healthy controls. In myelofibrosis the bone blood flow was also increased. Bone-marrow blood flow in these diseases was dependent upon the cellularity of bone marrow as measured morphometrically.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The partition coefficients of 133Xe between human blood and bone.

The partition coefficients of 133Xe between blood and haematopoietic bone marrow and homogenised bone have been determined in vitro. The partition coefficient lambda 1 corresponding to haematopoietic marrow was 0.95 ml g-1 while that corresponding to homogenised bone was a function of age, lambda 2 = 3.11 + 0.049(age)(ml g-1). These data can be used for calculating regional blood flow in healthy human femur by means of a simple 133Xe radionuclide method.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1981

The 5q- chromosome in preleukaemia and acute leukaemia.

13 patients with the 5q- chromosome are described. In 6 patients the 5q- chromosome was the sole aberration. 10 patients had preleukaemia, 1 a preleukaemia-like syndrome after treatment of polycythaemia vera, a 2 acute myeloid leukaemia. The prognosis was especially poor in terms of survival in preleukaemic patients with 3 or more affected chromosomes: none of these 6 patients survived for more than 6 months. In 4 patients the haematological picture resembled 'the 5q- syndrome'. In the long arm of chromosome No 5 deletions of 3 different kinds were detected. They were named according to the size of the 5q- marker: the short type (10 patients), the intermediate type (1 patient) and the long type (2 patients). There was no clear correlation between the clinical picture and the type of deletion. While the break points cannot always be exactly defined, our data and those reviewed from the literature suggest that the loss of a segment of regions 5q2 or 5q3 is common to all or most deletions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Sideroblasts and haemosiderin in thyrotoxicosis.

Bone marrow sideroblasts and haemosiderin were studied in 19 thyrotoxic patients before therapy and in the euthyroid state. The proportion of sideroblasts and the amount of haemosiderin were significantly higher in the hyperthyroid than in the euthyroid phase. Pathological sideroblasts with coarse perinuclear iron granules were found before therapy but not in the euthyroid phase. It is concluded that during thyrotoxicosis the supply of iron into erythroblasts is greater than the amount used for haemoglobin synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Bone and bone marrow blood flow in blastic crisis of chronic granulocytic leukaemia.

A 133Xe washout method has been used for measuring changes of blood flow in the proximal femur of a patient with the blastic crisis of chronic granulocytic leukaemia. In the hyperplastic phase the blood flow was highly increased and over three times greater than in the hypoplastic phase of the disease and over thirteen times greater than the value in normal bone. The bone circulation and especially the first component of the two-exponential bone washout curves appeared to reflect cell proliferation and neoplastic activity of the whole bone marrow. The method may provide clinically important information in the follow-up of selected haematological diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Neuroleukemia].

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Adult↗