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Biomedical subjects

R Lahti

Publications and source records attributed to R Lahti.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pattern recognition in radiographs of excised air-inflated human lungs. IV Emphysema alone and with other common lesions.

To evaluate at autopsy the radiographic pattern of emphysema alone and with alveolar oedema, haemorrhage or pneumonia in excised air-inflated lungs the distribution of these findings in 89 lungs was determined histologically on 441 sections sampled systematically. Pathologic-radiologic correlations were studied on the basis of 58 sections from 30 lung selected to represent most clearly the features in question. In mild centrilobular emphysema (CLE) the number and calibre of small blood vessels was often reduced. Small translucencies could appear. In moderate CLE vascular changes were always visible and unevenly distributed translucencies in most cases. Some lungs looked slightly rounded. In severe CLE the number of blood vessels was greatly reduced, they were displayed between extensive tissue defects, and the lung looked always rounded. Only mild panlobular emphysema occurred in the material. This was difficult to distinguish radiologically but could show up as a coarse reticular background with a reduced number of blood vessels, and the lung could look rounded. Paracicatricial emphysema appeared as translucent areas around scars. Simultaneous alveolar processes often obscured the blood vessel changes of CLE and could accentuate or hide the tissue defect translucencies. The same alveolar processes were more unevenly distributed in emphysematous than in non-emphysematous lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Aeration sensitizes Streptococcus faecalis to hydroxyurea.

Hydroxyurea in up to 60 mM concentration did not inhibit growth or DNA synthesis in nonaerated cultures of Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 8043. In contrast, in cultures aerated by shaking already 1 mM hydroxyurea decreased the rate of net DNA synthesis and in higher concentrations of the drug the growth of the total cell mass also slowed down and the number of cells per chain increased from 1-2 to 10. The differential rate of DNA synthesis, but not the growth of the total cell mass, could be restored almost to the control level by adding thymidine to the medium. Thus there are at least two targets for hydroxyurea in the cells of S. faecalis grown in aerated cultures.

Air↗
PubMed1979

Post-mortem inflation, radiography, and fixation of human lungs. A method for radiological and pathological correlations and morphometric studies.

A method is described for correlative radiological and pathological studies of the lung post mortem, including radiography after air inflation, fixation with formalin-polyethylene glycol-alcohol solution, air drying and systematic histological sampling of lung tissue. For morphometric studies the total lung capacity during life is determined from radiograms and compared with the volume of the excised lung after fixation. The method is simple, relatively inexpensive, and with some experience gives good results both in radiography and histology. With this method the test lungs seemed to assume during fixation a fairly constant volume, a little higher than functional residual capacity.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of ultrasound and roentgen examination of biliary tract.

The relative merits of gray-scale ultrasound and roentgen examinations of biliary tract diseases have been compared. Sonography was able to give a definite diagnosis in 74 of 95 roentgenologically unclear cases, and roentgen examination gave a diagnosis in 70 out of 105 cases unclear at sonography.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Lipids in the pulmonary circulation after fatal trauma. A postmortem study.

Lipids in the pulmonary circulation were determined biochemically and histologically in seven patients (group A) who died following multiple blunt trauma and in five patients (group B) who died of some other traumatic or nontraumatic cause. Autopsy was performed on average 4.5 hours after death. Blood samples were collected from the right ventricle (RV) and the left atrium (LA). The vasculature of the left lung was perfused in a retrograde direction. The inferior lobe of the right non-perfused lung was examined histologically. Intravascular pulmonary fat was observed in 4/6 cases in group A and in 1/5 cases in group B. No intravascular fat was observed in the tissue samples of brain, liver or kidney. The concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) in blood from RV was higher than in blood from LA both in group A (P is less than 0.01) and in group B (P is less than 0.05). The considerable difference in concentrations of FFA between RV and LA and the low concentration of FFA in the lung perfusate may be due to some kind of "fixation" of FFA in the lung tissue, possibly connected with the aetiological factors of the fat embolism syndrome (FES).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Family studies of ocular manifestations in arthritis.

To determine the hereditary and clinical patterns, nine patients from three families with different systemic and ocular rheumatoid diseases were examined ophthalmologically and medically. Three types of HLA-B27 associated anterior uveitis were seen. While HLA-B27 linked genes predispose the carrier to acute anterior uveitis (AAU) frequently recurring or chronic anterior uveitis may develop if an immune-complex disease such as Rheumatoid arthritis coexists. Hereditary factors may dispose patients to rheumatoid episcleritis, scleritis and keratitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Acute anterior uveitis and HLA-B27 in families.

To determine the hereditary pattern of acute anterior uveitis (AAU) 12 families with 2 cases of AAU in each family were given a routine eye examination which included serological determination of HLA antigens. Members of four families underwent x-ray examination of the lumbosacral spine. Of the 23 cases with AAU examined, 19 had the antigen B27. The genes determining B27 and a2 were inherited together in 14 instances and the gene determining Cwl in 10 of these 14. The lymphocytes of the HLA identical siblings of the three families studied by the mixed lymphocyte culture test did not react against each other. Sacroilities was seen in 62.5% of cases with familial AAU and in 58.6% of their relatives. It is concluded that HLA-B27 is linked with genes predisposing the carrier to familial AAU, which is closely related to the rheumatic group of diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Blood lipid changes in musculoskeletal trauma of the rabbit.

After multiple long bone fractures, signs of excessive fat transport were observed in rabbits. Staining of albumen in the lipoprotein electrophoresis suggests an increased free fatty acid mobilisation. During the five day experimental period the beta lipoproteins increased while the alpha1 lipoproteins decreased. On the second post-traumatic day, the proportion of pre- beta lipoproteins increased simultaneously with a four-fold increase in plasma triglycerides. Some increase in cholesterol was also observed. An augmented de novo synthesis of fat is proposed as an explanation for part of the increased post-traumatic lipid transport. The changes were compared with a simultaneous occurrence of fat in the lung and kidney.

Animals↗