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Biomedical subjects

R L Waters

Publications and source records attributed to R L Waters.

114 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Upper extremity surgery in stroke patients.

Surgical procedures are performed on the nonfunctional upper extremity following stroke to correct spastic flexion contractures that cause pain or prevent adequate hygiene. In the upper extremity surgical procedures are most commonly performed to improve extension at the wrist, fingers or thumb. If the deformity is primarily due to spasticity rather than fixed myostatic contracture, anesthetic block of the median and/or ulnar nerve preoperatively enables the surgeon to determine that extension will be improved after the appropriate flexor tendons are lengthened. Careful presurgical evaluation of motor sensory function enables the surgeon to predictably select those patients who will benefit from surgery.

Arm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electromyographic analysis of equinovarus following stroke.

The pattern of muscle activity was determined in 40 hemiplegic stroke patients with equinus, equinovarus or varus deformities. Although the exact pattern of muscle activity varied with each patient, the following general conclusions are possible. Premature firing of the triceps surae due to release of primitive locomotor control mechanisms and a hyperactive stretch response during limb loading are important causes of equinus. Prolonged firing of the tibialis anterior during stance and inactivity of the peroneus brevis are the principal factors responsible for varus.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical correction of gait abnormalities following stroke.

Lower extremity abnormalities in stroke patients can be reliably improved by surgery. Surgical treatment is most frequently recommended for patients with: equinovarus; toe curling; excessive hip and knee flexion; limb scissoring. Unless the patient's disability is so severe he cannot walk, the operation is performed not before 6 and preferably not until 9 months after sroke.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Posterior deltoid-to-triceps transfer in quadriplegia.

Provided that the patient selection criteria, surgical procedure, and postoperative care recommended by Moberg are strictly observed, the posterior deltoid-to-triceps transfer is an excellent surgical procedure for improving the level of function of the C5 or C6 quadriplegic. Before surgery, patients should be thoroughly counseled in realistic expectations, the possible functional results, and the long period of time required to attain the goals of surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗