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Biomedical subjects

R L Strub

Publications and source records attributed to R L Strub.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Frontal lobe syndrome in a patient with bilateral globus pallidus lesions.

This article describes a patient who experienced the rapid onset of an irreversible behavioral change while vacationing in La Paz, Bolivia (altitude, 4070 m). The only lesions demonstrated on a magnetic resonance imaging scan were bilateral hemorrhages in the globus pallidus. The behavior change was characterized by apathy and lack of motivation, features commonly associated with bilateral frontal lobe disease. This case is a further demonstration of how subcortical lesions can produce behavioral syndromes that are clinically indistinguishable from classic cortical syndromes. It is cases such as this that show how a strict localizationist concept of behavioral function is too restrictive and how it is necessary to consider a wide network of neuronal interconnections when explaining the mechanism of a dissolution of complex higher functions.

Behavior↗
PubMed1987

Anomalous dominance in sibling stutterers: evidence from CT scan asymmetries, dichotic listening, neuropsychological testing, and handedness.

Two left-handed siblings with developmental stuttering are comprehensively described. The methods of study included speech and language evaluation, neurological and neuropsychological examinations, dichotic listening, auditory evoked responses, electroencephalogram, and CT scan asymmetry measurements. The data from each sibling showed evidence of anomalous cerebral dominance on many of the variables investigated. The CT scan measurements showed atypical asymmetries, especially in the occipital regions. These findings support the theory that stuttering may be related to anomalous cerebral dominance, both on functional as well as structural bases. Implications of anomalous dominance and the resultant effect of hemispheric rivalry on speech fluency are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Memory assessment using the Strub-Black Mental Status Examination and the Wechsler Memory Scale.

A systematic mental status exam often can differentiate accurately patients with organic brain disease from normal persons and those with functional disorders. The present study attempts to validate the memory portion of the Strub-Black Mental Status Exam by comparing it to the Wechsler Memory Scale. Twenty-five brain-damaged and 25 routine medical patients were given Form I of the Wechsler Memory Scale and the memory portion of the Strub-Black Mental Status Exam at their hospital bedside. Results indicate significant differences in almost all scores between the brain-damaged and normal groups on both the Wechsler Memory Scale and Mental Status exam; the Mental Status Exam differentiated between groups at a higher level of significance of ANOVA and ANCOVA comparisons of total memory scores, as well as several subtests. In these samples, age, more than education, was an important factor that affected memory test performance. The Mental Status Examination appears valid for the differentiation of clinical samples and for the documentation of specific aspects of memory dysfunction in individual brain-damaged patients. This study represents a beginning step in providing normative data on components of the Strub-Black mental status examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term effects of focal, cortical injuries upon articulation and discrimination performance.

Residual, long-term effects of cortical injuries upon speech production are rarely examined. In this study, we examined the articulation and discrimination abilities in twelve subjects who received focal, cortical injuries in Vietnam during 1968-1971. The subjects were divided into two groups based upon the hemisphere (right or left) of lesion. Data revealed the left-hemisphere injured group produced a greater number of articulation and discrimination errors than the right-hemisphere injured group. Articulation errors occurred more often than discrimination errors in both groups. However, a feature analysis revealed the left-hemisphere injured group made predominantly combination errors and the right-hemisphere injured group made predominantly place errors. Taken overall, the data suggest the left-hemisphere injured group may experience residual difficulties with the encoding of phonological units while the right-hemisphere injured group appears to have residual problems that may be related to the spatial correlates of speech.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The clinical utility of reproduction drawing tests with low IQ patients.

Bedside mental status testing in low IQ, poorly educated patients is often difficult. These patients, who comprise a significant proportion of the population served by major inner city public hospitals, have a limited ability to perform adequately on many higher cortical function tests. Because of this, it is often difficult to accurately differentiate between an organic brain syndrome and the effect of depressed intelligence in these patients. Copying line drawings and other constructional tasks are a very important element in a complete mental status examination, as they are frequently failed by patients with organic brain disease. The applicability of drawing tasks in the low IQ patient is an important issue; this study demonstrates that selected drawings can be effectively utilized to identify brain dysfunction in this low IQ population.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1976

Constructional apraxia in patients with discrete missile wounds of the brain.

Sixty patients with missile wounds confined to one of the four quadrants of the brain were investigated. All patients had neurosurgical verification of the limits of their lesions. The incidence and severity of constructional apraxia was studied using the WAIS Block Design and Object Assembly subtests, and the Bender Gestalt Test. A uniformly significant caudality effect was obtained with more posteriorly localized lesions resulting in more severe constructional apraxia. A significant laterality effect was obtained on two of three criterion measures with uniformly inferior performance by patients with right hemisphere lesions. The magnitude of the laterality effect, however, was less than that of the caudality effect for all criterion variables. The degree of severity of constructional apraxia in patients with right posterior lesions was uniformly greater than that of patients with other quadrant loci. The incidence of constructional apraxia in the four quadrants varied as expected with the left anterior lesion sample showing very little evidence of constructional apraxia, while the right posterior sample showed a high incidence of such deficits. The absolute incidence of significant constructional apraxia in all samples was suprisingly low. This finding might be partially accounted for by the age and general good health of the subjects studied, the relative absence of general cognitive impairment in the majority of subjects, and the discrete nature of the lesions.

Adolescent↗