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Biomedical subjects

R L Rodríguez

Publications and source records attributed to R L Rodríguez.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Mood and cognitive changes with deep brain stimulation. What we know and where we should go.

AIM: The aim of this study was to completely review the literature on cognitive and mood changes resulting from deep brain stimulation (DBS), and to examine the factors that might lead to these changes. DBS has been shown to improve motor symptoms in many movement disorders. Despite the widespread use of this technique, there are relatively few well controlled studies describing the potential cognitive, mood and behavioral consequences that may result from DBS. Additionally, the factors that may influence these changes have not been carefully studied. METHODS: A complete survey of the articles exploring the effects of DBS on mood and cognition was performed. Each study identified was examined and categories of factors that may have influenced mood and cognition were noted. These factors included surgical target, number of patients studied, whether procedures were unilateral or bilateral, average age of patients, diagnosis, condition of the DBS during the study (on or off), pre-operative screening tests (e.g., dementia rating scale, mini mental state exam), and changes on mood and cognitive tests (categorized as no change, improved, or worsened). Studies were divided into evidence-based categories. RESULTS: There are many mood and cognitive changes that may result from DBS. Due to methodological limitations of existing studies there are important unanswered questions about cognitive and mood changes resulting from this type of surgery. The predominant amount of data regarding changes in mood and cognition with DBS is level 3 or case based evidence. CONCLUSIONS: There exists a paucity of well-controlled studies addressing the mood and cognitive changes that result from DBS. Carefully performed prospective studies may help us to understand the effects of DBS on mood and cognition.

Affect↗
PubMed2000

Recent progress in capillary electrochromatography.

Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) continues to captivate many separation scientists. A remarkable activity is apparent from the numerous publications in the literature using CEC. A review of the most recent progress in CEC is presented herein, covering an extensive fraction of the literature on CEC published from the year 1997 until the beginning of 2000. Most of the recent developments have concentrated on column technology.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2000

Non-hospital consumption of antibiotics in Spain: 1987-1997.

Spain has one of the highest incidences of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials, possibly linked to drug consumption patterns. Using Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs records, data were obtained on non-hospital sales of antibiotics for the period 1987-1997, and equivalents calculated in weight of active drug ingredient and defined daily doses per 1000 population per day (DDD/1000/day). The number of packages sold declined from 75 million in 1987 to 55 million in 1997. None the less, there was a gradual yet steady rise in consumption in tonnage terms (249 to 275 tonnes). Furthermore, in terms of DDD/1000/day, consumption rose sharply until 1995 and then held steady at 21 DDD/1000/day, a level comparable to the mean for other developed countries. Penicillins were the group to register the highest consumption in Spain, followed-in the latter years of the study-by macrolides, cephalosporins and quinolones. The marked rise in these latter three groups was noteworthy. Despite the decrease in the number of packages sold, antibiotic consumption in Spain has risen. This consumption pattern is different from that of other European countries and might serve to explain differences in the generation of resistance.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗