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Biomedical subjects

R L Reddick

Publications and source records attributed to R L Reddick.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Pediatric thyroid cancer.

A review was undertaken of the clinical, gross, and microscopic features of thyroid carcinoma in all patients younger than 21 years of age seen at North Carolina Memorial Hospital from 1952 to 1987 (N = 32). These patients had papillary carcinoma, well-differentiated follicular carcinoma with Hürthle cell change, medullary carcinoma, and an unclassifiable aggressive malignancy. In spite of the presence of lymph node metastases at diagnosis in more half the patients with papillary carcinoma, the prognosis of pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma appears to be excellent with treatment by surgical debulking and hormonal thyroid suppression. Flow cytometric study of 26 cases showed tumor aneuploidy in 8 of 21 papillary carcinomas and 2 of 3 follicular carcinomas. Aneuploidy did not, however, correlate with clinical outcome in this group of pediatric patients, who were followed for 1 to 29 years. Analysis of multiple tissue blocks of tumor does appear to increase the probability of identifying aneuploid populations.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

In situ and infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the male breast.

An 82-year-old man presented with a right breast mass. Histologic examination of an excisional biopsy showed lobular in situ and infiltrating carcinoma. The patient was phenotypically male and had fathered children. There was no history of predisposing factors to breast lesions, such as drug use or gynecomastia. In our review, this is the first case of lobular in situ and infiltrating carcinoma of the male breast in a phenotypic and apparently genotypic male.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Thrombotic thrombocytopenia with von Willebrand factor deficiency induced by botrocetin. An animal model.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenia with severe von Willebrand factor (vWF) depletion was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of botrocetin, a Bothrops factor requiring vWF for platelet aggregation. The vWF deficiency state with thrombocytopenia was produced in 12 animals by single or multiple injections of botrocetin. Single botrocetin injection (450 units/kg) reduced plasma vWF activity to less than 0.01 mu/ml for 24 hours and less than 0.2 units/ml up to 72 hours. During this period, multimeric analysis of plasma vWF:Ag revealed loss of intermediate and high molecular weight forms. A moderate reduction in vWF:Ag (Laurell) and FVIII:C was observed. Bleeding time remained prolonged during the deficiency state. Recovery of plasma vWF and platelet count occurred in 4 to 5 days. Multiple botrocetin injections (450 units/kg/injection) at 48-hour intervals produced a sustained severe vWF depletion (less than 0.2 units/ml) for 1 week. On the 8th day, vWF and platelet count had recovered to preinjection levels. Recovery was associated with the appearance of increased levels of very high molecular weight multimers of vWF:Ag in the plasma. After each botrocetin administration (single or repeat), a transient thrombocytopenia developed which was most severe at 1 to 5 hours postinjection. Another group of 10 animals was given a single botrocetin injection and specimens of lung, liver, kidney, and spleen were obtained at varying time intervals postinjection. Transmission electron micrographs of the lung and spleen 2 hours after botrocetin administration showed platelet aggregates and platelet microthrombi in the lung and spleen. The platelet thrombi in the lung had disappeared within 24 hours, and in the spleen by 48 hours. Liver sinusoids and kidney glomeruli were free of thrombi. A comparison is made of the thrombocytopenia and the ultrastructure of the platelet microthrombi induced by botrocetin with that of other agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas presenting as gastric carcinoma: clinicopathologic and ultrastructural findings.

The clinicopathologic and ultrastructural features of a sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas presenting initially as gastric carcinoma are described. By light microscopy, the tumor contained cellular patterns similar to those present in tumors of mesenchymal origin. Spindle cell areas arranged in a storiform pattern were present. Ultrastructurally, bundles of cytoplasmic microfilaments were present in the cell cytoplasm and were similar in distribution to those found on fine structural examination in tumors of mesenchymal origin. Rows of desmosomes were found between cells supporting an epithelial origin for this tumor. Following initial therapy, metastatic tumor produced polypoid lesions in the small intestine resulting in recurrent small bowel intussuceptions. Our findings indicate that sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas, by both light and ultrastructural examination, is a heterogenous tumor at the cellular level and may be a cause of repeated intussuception when intraluminal compromise occurs.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the fallopian tube. A clinicopathologic case report with verification of the diagnosis by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies.

A middle-aged woman presented with a pelvic mass. Pathologic examination of the resected specimen revealed a primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the left fallopian tube. Special studies supported the concept of the neoplastic cells differentiating along two major pathways, squamous cell carcinoma and mucin-producing adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Stromal proliferations of the breast: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical evaluation of cystosarcoma phyllodes, juvenile fibroadenoma, and fibroadenoma.

The stromal cells of three cystosarcoma phyllodes, five typical fibroadenomas, and one juvenile fibroadenoma were studied by light and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical staining for the S-100 protein also was performed on tissues from each of the three categories. On ultrastructural examination, cells comprising the three varieties of lesions were similar. Cells with fibroblastic features predominated in all cases. Myoid differentiation was present in two cases, one of cystosarcoma and one of fibroadenoma. Junctional complexes were present in the cystosarcomas but not in the fibroadenomas. Basal lamina was focally present around stromal cells in the cystosarcoma phyllodes but was not evident around cells of the typical fibroadenomas or the juvenile fibroadenoma. Stromal cells of the fibroadenomas and the cystosarcoma phyllodes did not stain for S-100 protein. The results support the hypothesis that the proliferating cells in all three tumor categories are similar and have features of fibroblasts. The lack of staining for S-100 protein would suggest an origin different from the myoepithelia. The latter conclusion, however, must be interpreted with a degree of reservation as we have shown that not all myoepithelial cells stain with certain monoclonal antibodies directed against the alpha and beta chain of S-100 protein.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1987

Prevention of occlusive coronary artery thrombosis by a murine monoclonal antibody to porcine von Willebrand factor.

A murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) against porcine von Willebrand factor (vWF) induced an antithrombotic state in normal pigs. Thrombosis was induced by a standard procedure of stenosis and mechanical injury of the artery. The mAb was an IgG1 kappa that inhibited vWF-induced platelet aggregation at a titer of 1:6250 and bound to immobilized vWF at a maximal dilution of 1:512,000. The antibody did not affect two other vWF functions, platelet adhesion and binding of coagulant factor VIII (factor VIII:C). The antithrombotic state was characterized by a prolonged bleeding time and lack of plasma vWF activity, but with near-normal levels of factor VIII:C and von Willebrand antigen. The circulating Ag.mAb complex demonstrated a multimeric distribution comparable to that of native plasma vWF. Three groups of pigs were studied: group A consisted of nine untreated animals, eight of which developed occlusive coronary thrombosis; group B, four treated animals with a long bleeding time, none of which developed occlusive thrombosis; and group C, two animals with preexisting thrombosis treated with mAb, in which stable blood flow was reestablished. Morphologically, the group B animals showed adherent platelets covering the injured intima but no thrombosis. This mAb is an antithrombotic agent that prevents platelet thrombosis without affecting intrinsic platelet function.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Angiosarcoma of the uterus: a light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study.

A 71-year-old woman who presented with severe vaginal bleeding was found to have a uterine angiosarcoma after total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies that showed positive staining of tumor cells for factor VIII-related antigen and by ultrastructural studies revealing vasoformative structures surrounded by a thin basal lamina. Primary vascular tumors of the uterus are rare. The existence of malignant vascular neoplasms of the uterus has been questioned, and at most nine previously reported cases have been generally accepted as valid examples of uterine angiosarcoma. Based on those cases, the prognosis of uterine angiosarcoma is poor. Our studies demonstrate that angiosarcoma does occur in the uterus. Our patient is presently alive with recurrent disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The epithelial origin of a stromal cell population in adenocarcinoma of the rat prostate.

Dunning R3327-H rat prostate adenocarcinoma cells, when grown in syngeneic (Copenhagen) rats or nude mice, produce tumors with prominent hypercellular stroma. The authors have previously demonstrated the presence of anomalous steroid-sensitive cells in both the epithelium and stromal compartments of this model system. In order to better understand the histogenesis of these cells, the authors studied samples of the tumor which were radiolabeled overnight with tritiated dihydrotestosterone (3H-DHT). Frozen sections of the tissues were thaw-mounted onto autoradiographic emulsion-coated slides to permit silver grain identification in association with nuclei of androgen-sensitive cells. Surprisingly, numerous silver grains were found to be associated with nuclei of large cells within the stroma. Therefore, these cells were termed "epithelioid" pending confirmation of their origin. To further define these cells and their relationship to the surrounding matrix, autoradiograms have now been examined immunohistochemically with antibodies directed against the basement membrane glycoprotein, laminin, as well as antibodies specific for intermediate cytoskeletal filaments. Following identification of acinar basement membranes, epithelioid cells were identifiable both in the stroma and in the acinar epithelial cell layer. Histochemical staining with acid phosphatase, a marker for prostatic epithelium, was performed and shown to be present in acinar epithelial cells as well as in epithelioid cells. Additionally, fluorescence-activated cell sorting was employed to characterize the DNA content of cell types within the H tumor. Epithelioid cells were found to be in highest concentration in an aneuploid peak with a ploidy of approximately 6N. The autoradiographic, immunohistochemical, cytometric, and ultramicroscopic studies suggest that 1) epithelioid cells are epithelial derived stromal cells; 2) these epithelioid cells arise by pathologic division of aneuploid neoplastic precursor cells of approximately 3N ploidy, which are found within the prostatic epithelium; and 3) the resulting 6N cells degrade the basement membrane locally, invade the stroma, and populate it. Here, they can be distinguished from fibroblasts by their size, acid phosphatase activity, and hormone receptor content. Thus, the term "epithelioid" is inappropriate; and these cells should be regarded simply as large neoplastic epithelial (LNE) cells. The presence of this cell type suggests that this tumor subline represents a useful naturally occurring model for the study of the initial stages of neoplastic transformation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine with oncocytic change.

We describe a 53-year-old woman who was found to have a large, ulcerated duodenal mass that on histologic examination was determined to be an epithelioid leiomyosarcoma and on ultrastructural studies contained a prominent component of cells with oncocytic change. To our knowledge, the findings in this case are unique, and on review of the literature, no similar cases of oncocytic change in smooth-muscle neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract were found.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules in childhood and adolescence.

Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) in children and adolescents (under age 18) are unusual but are not as rare as earlier reports suggested. These lesions have a significantly different biologic potential than similar lesions in older patients. In the younger age group there is a more rapid progression toward toxicity and a higher incidence of thyroid carcinoma. Our experience with 12 patients is combined with those previously reported for identification of a total of 61 children and adolescents with AFTNs, of whom 53 have undergone operation. Hyperthyroidism was present in 15 patients (24.6%), and in six patients (11.3%) the AFTN was due to a well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Surgical treatment is advisable for all children and adolescents with AFTNs because of the risks of hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma. Surgical excision (lobectomy is preferred) results in rapid restoration of a euthyroid state for the toxic AFTN and allows histopathologic diagnosis. Therapy with radioiodine is not advisable for treatment of AFTNs in this age group. Thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression should be used for all patients with a diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Observations on the microvascular repair process after confluent argon laser photocoagulation.

We observed the repair process of the choriocapillaris after confluent argon laser retinal photocoagulation in the domestic cat with a plastic injection-corrosion technique coupled with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Confluent photocoagulation was applied to the area of the retinal tapetum, creating two kinds of lesions: one consisted of five confluent burns and the other of 20 confluent burns. Specimens were prepared at 1, 30, and 60 days. Occlusion of the choriocapillaris was noted regardless of the length of time after photocoagulation. The only sign of repair was noted at 60 days when the choriocapillaris located at the edge of the lesion showed a uniform rearrangement. Transmission electron microscopy revealed severe damage to the endothelial cells, with lack of cell activation and permanent capillary closure in the vessels of the lesion proper.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Juxtadrenal schwannoma: verification of the diagnosis by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies.

Solitary schwannomas arising in the juxtadrenal region are exceedingly rare. A middle-aged woman with a confusing clinical course was found to have a solid periadrenal mass, which was surgically excised. The gross and light microscopic appearance of the tumor was suggestive but not diagnostic of this entity. However, electron microscopic evaluation of the neoplasm revealed prominent basal lamina and interdigitating cellular processes characteristic of a schwannoma. The diagnosis of schwannoma was further supported by the demonstration of S-100 protein, type IV (basement membrane) collagen, and laminin immunoreactivity by immunohistochemical techniques. The use of these special studies to arrive at the diagnosis in this case and in the larger context in the diagnosis of rare adrenal and periadrenal tumors of uncertain origin is fully discussed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Progesterone secreting Sertoli cell tumor of the ovary.

A 33-year-old woman presenting with secondary amenorrhea and galactorrhea was found to have a Sertoli cell tumor of the ovary. The neoplasm also had a sex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT) component. Further investigations revealed that in many respects the patient was endocrinologically pregnant. She had markedly elevated serum estrogen and progesterone levels and the endometrium demonstrated pronounced decidualization, but there was no evidence of actual pregnancy. Estrogen and progesterone were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry to be present in both the Sertoli cell and SCTAT portions of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Squamous metaplasia of the breast. An ultrastructural and immunologic evaluation.

Squamous metaplasia in the breast is rare. This case of an intracystic papilloma of the breast with prominent squamous change was found by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry to contain evidence of squamous differentiation within myoepithelial cells. The findings suggest that squamous metaplasia of the breast may result from myoepithelial cell differentiation in a manner analogous to the development of squamous lesions in the cervix and salivary gland. The possible relationship of this finding to the development of squamous lesions of the breast is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Primary transitional cell carcinoma of the female urethra with features of clear cell adenocarcinoma.

Primary malignant urethral neoplasms are unusual in women. Those of mixed histologic type are so rare as to define adequate documentation. We report the case of an elderly black woman with an urethral carcinoma which had features of a transitional cell carcinoma as well as clear cell adenocarcinoma. The histologic and ultrastructural features are presented and the histogenesis is discussed. Although the patient had both high grade and high stage disease and failed initially after external beam radiation therapy, she is alive and well, without evidence of recurrent disease, 19 months after anterior exenteration.

Adenocarcinoma↗