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Biomedical subjects

R L Moser

Publications and source records attributed to R L Moser.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Integration of factors affecting sow efficiency: a modeling approach.

A dynamic, partially stochastic mathematical model describing the reproductive performance of a sow herd is presented. The model stimulates a herd that averages 17.27 sow days/pig produced, with a mean of 9.06 pigs weaned/litter and 2.327 litters produced/sow each year. Several alternative options are simulated. Of these, the ones that increase the litter size at weaning appear most beneficial in terms of both biological and economic efficiencies.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1985

Response of growing-finishing pigs to decreasing floor space allowance and(or) virginiamycin in diet.

Five hundred forty crossbred pigs were utilized in four trials (10 replications) at two stations to determine the separate and interacting effects of decreasing floor space allowance with or without the addition of virginiamycin to the diet on performance of growing-finishing pigs. Pigs were allowed .37, .33 or .28 m2/pig during the growing phase (23 to 55 kg) and .74, .66, .56 m2/pig during the finishing phase (55 to 100 kg) and fed either a corn-soybean meal control diet or the control diet plus 11 mg of virginiamycin/kg of diet. Floor space allowances were achieved by varying pen size, so the number of pigs and feeder space per pig were constant for all pens. During the growing phase, daily gain (P less than .01) daily feed intake (P less than .05) and feed conversion ratio (P less than .05) decreased as floor space allowance decreased. During the finishing phase and for the total test period, daily gain (P less than .01) and feed conversion ratio (P less than .05) were reduced but daily feed intake was not affected (P greater than .05) by restricted floor space allowance. The addition of virginiamycin to the diet had no effect on pig performance. The virginiamycin X floor space allowance interaction was not significant, suggesting that pigs fed a diet with or without virginiamycin responded similarly to restricted floor space allowance. The data suggest that the addition of virginiamycin to the diet was ineffective in overcoming the decrease in performance of growing-finishing pigs caused by crowded conditions.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1982

Necrotizing arteritis and spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Sjögren syndrome.

A 37-year-old woman with primary Sjögren syndrome developed mixed cryoglobulinemia and systemic vasculitis. Subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred as a result of necrotizing anterior spinal arteritis. Although rarely seen in mixed cryoglobulinemia, central nervous system complications have recently been documented in Sjögren syndrome. The patient's serum contained antibodies to the Ro(SSA) cytoplasmic antigen, and these antibodies were concentrated in the cryoglobulin fraction. Anti-Ro(SSA) antibodies are associated with the occurrence of vasculitis in patients with Sjögren syndrome, which suggests that the spinal arteritis and subarachnoid hemorrhage in this patient may have been directly related to the underlying connective tissue disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Usual interstitial pneumonitis in infancy. Clinical and pathologic evaluation.

Interstitial lung disease is uncommon in infancy and childhood, and the long-term clinical and pathologic evolution of this entity in infants has not been published previously. We describe an infant with a steroid-sensitive chronic interstitial pneumonitis for which the clinical and histopathologic progression of the disease are presented. A family history of interstitial pneumonitis consistent with an autosomal dominant trait was present, and Pneumocystis carinii were found in the lung biopsy specimen.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Immune complex myositis associated with viral hepatitis.

Sarcolemmal osmiophilic deposits were demonstrated by electron microscopy in the striated muscle of a patient who developed viral hepatitis associated myositis. HBsAg, IgG, and C3 were found in the same location, suggesting that the deposits represent immune complexes and the primary cause of myositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of dietary lactose on gain, feed conversion, blood, bone and intestinal parameters in postweaning rats and swine.

Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of lactose on performance, bone integrity and certain blood constituents in postweaning rats and swine. The effect of lactose on calcium and phosphorus and percentage ash content of the small intestine was also determined. In both trials, average daily gains were not influenced by the feeding of diets containing 30% lactose. Feed conversion was depressed in both rats and pigs when 30% lactose was fed. Transitory diarrhea was observed in rats fed 30% lactose, but not in swine. In the rat trial, no significant differences due to treatment were observed for serum Ca of P, but a linear increase (P < .01) in alkaline phosphatase was observed as lactose increased in the diet. Analysis of blood constituents from multiple bleedings during the pig trial showed that in the first 2 weeks, alkaline phosphatase was increased (P < .01) in pigs fed lactose and slightly decreased in those not fed lactose. Lactose affected the change in serum Ca for 0 to 10 weeks (P < .05) as indicated by a marked reduction in serum Ca of pigs not fed lactose and a slight increase for those fed lactoss. Serum calcium decreased in the absence of lactose but increased in the presence of lactose (P < .05) in pigs fed .4% Ca diets. In both trials, breaking strength parameters (peak force and stress) were not affected by dietary lactose. Bones from pigs fed no lactose had a higher stress to strain ratio (P < .05) than those from pigs fed lactose. In the rat trial, stress to strain ratio was variable across all treatments. Percentage of bone ash increased (P < .01) as lactose increased in the diet. Dietary treatments did not affect the mineral content of specific gut segments.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Lung cancer in chloromethyl ether workers.

During the period from 1948 to 71, some workers in a chemical plant were exposed to chloromethyl ethers in varying degrees and for varying durations. A historical cohort study of 1,446 male production employees from 1960 through 1975 showed both an increased risk of lung cancer as compared to that in the general population among 465 exposed workers and a dose-response relationship. Significantly increased risk occurred only among men with moderate and heavy chemical exposure. Smoking habit could account for some of the cases of lung cancer that developed in men with light chemical exposure and for cases among unexposed workers. Microscopic sections of most of the lung cancers were reviewed, and the results suggested that small-cell carcinoma was a specific response to inhalation of chloromethyl ethers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Participation of nitric oxide in the relaxation of the rat gastric corpus.

Nitric oxide is an important mediator of the relaxation in the rat gastric fundus. The present study investigates the role of NO in the rat gastric corpus in vitro, since the corpus differs from the fundus with regard to its physiological function and its spontaneous motor behaviour. In the presence of guanethidine electrically induced relaxations of circular, mucosa-free corpus strips precontracted with bethanechol were concentration-dependently reduced by the NO-synthase inhibitors L-NG-nitro-arginine (L-NNA) or L-NG-nitro-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME). The D-enantiomers were markedly less active. The inhibitory effect of L-NAME could be prevented by L-arginine. L-NNA and L-NAME, however, did not influence spontaneous motility or the bethanechol-induced contraction. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or sodium nitroprusside also relaxed the muscle strips, but these relaxations were not affected by L-NAME. When the corpus strips were stimulated electrically from baseline, they reacted with a contraction followed by relaxation. L-NNA or L-NAME blocked the relaxatory and enhanced the contractile component. In strips that also reacted with a rebound contraction, it was blunted by L-NAME. These effects of the NO-synthase inhibitors were abolished in the presence of atropine. Apamin increased the electrically induced contraction of the muscle strips. Inhibition of the relaxation together with a further shift to contraction could only be seen when apamin was combined with L-NNA. The inhibitory action of apamin and apamin + L-NNA was not influenced by atropine. The results demonstrate a role of NO in the relaxation of the circular muscle of the rat gastric corpus both at a postsynaptic site and via inhibition of acetylcholine release. The relaxation induced by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide does not involve NO.

Animals↗