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Biomedical subjects

R L Greene

Publications and source records attributed to R L Greene.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Recency and suffix effects in serial recall of musical stimuli.

Auditory presentation of verbal items leads to larger recency effects in recall than visual presentation. This enhanced recency can be eliminated if a stimulus suffix (an irrelevant sound) follows the last item. Four experiments tested the hypothesis that recency and suffix effects in serial recall result from a speech-specific process. It was demonstrated that serial recall of musical notes played on a piano exhibited substantial recency effects. These recency effects were reduced when the list items were followed by either a piano chord or the word start. However, a white-noise suffix had no effect on recency. This pattern of data is consistent with current work on auditory perception and places constraints on theories of recency and suffix effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Students' perception of actual, trivial, and inaccurate personality feedback.

Examined the ability of college students at two levels of defensiveness to discriminate among three types of personality feedback: actual personality feedback based on the student's test scores, trivial feedback which is generally true of all students, and inaccurate feedback which was the exact opposite of the student's actual test scores. The students could reliably discriminate the three types of feedback on the dimensions of uniqueness, usefulness, accuracy, and as a source of new information about themselves. The results are discussed in the context of the Barnum literature to the effect that students can offer valid perceptions of personality descriptions of themselves.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Discriminating between alcoholic and nonalcoholic blacks and whites on the MMPI.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of race (black, white) on the MMPI performance of alcoholic and nonalcoholic inpatients. Subjects were 73 (27 black, 46 white) male alcoholic inpatients and 73 (27 black, 46 white) male nonalcoholic psychiatric inpatients. While black and white alcoholics failed to differ on the MMPI, white alcoholics presented as less disturbed and black alcoholics as less defensive and distressed, compared to their respective nonalcoholic counterparts. Furthermore, only white alcoholics were accurately identified by the MMPI 2-4/4-2 high-point pair combination and only white alcoholics achieved more high-point pairs containing Scale 4 relative to nonalcoholic controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Factor structure of the overcontrolled-hostility scale of the MMPI.

Conducted a factor analysis of the 31-item Overcontrolled-Hostility (O-H) scale in a sample of 200 incarcerated male prisoners. Five major factors were derived: Absence of Manifest Symptomatology, Denial, Chronic Hostility, Persistent Dreaming, and Social Compliance. Subscales comprised of high-loading items (greater than or equal to .30) were constructed for each factor, and the personality correlates of each were determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The relationship between the Overcontrolled-Hostility Scale and the MMPI 4--3 high-point pair.

Investigated the relationship between the MMPI 4--3 high-point pair and the Overcontrolled-Hostility (O-H) scale in three different populations. Ss were assigned to the 4--3 condition based on the following two criteria: (1) Scales 3 (HY) and 4 (PD) greater than or equal to T-score of 65; (2) Scale 4 (PD) greater than Scale 3 (HY) greater than or equal to all other clinical scales. In the prison sample (N = 200), inmates who achieved the 4--3 high-point pair were found to earn significantly higher scores on the O-H scale relative to a group of age-matched controls. These results were cross-validated successfully in a sample of psychology clinic outpatients (N = 500), where patients were matched on both age and sex. A similar relationship was found between the presence of a 4-3 high-point pair and higher scores on the O-H scale in a state hospital (N = 102) sample, although the results did not reach statistical significance because of the restricted sample size.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Some reflections on "MMPI short forms: a literature review".

Stevens and Reilley (1980) have suggested that recent changes in the methodological approaches for developing short forms of the MMPI make them an expanding and fruitful area of research. Since Stevens and Reilley did not address several important issues in the development and use of Short forms, these issues are reviewed and suggestions are presented for future research with short forms.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

A review of the performance of aged adults on various Wechsler Memory Scale subtests.

The literature reveals that few studies have reported the performance of aged, normal adults on various Wechsler Memory Scale subtests. A marked decline in performance on the Visual Reproduction subtest was observed with increasing age. Both level of education and intelligence seemed to exert a substantial influence on performance on all three subtests reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Response consistency on the MMPI; the TR Index.

The number of inconsistent responses to the repeated items (the TR Index) on the group booklet form of the MMPI provides important information on a person's test-taking behaviour which received scant attention. Normative data from a variety of populations and an optimal cutting score for the TR Index is provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Another look at personal validation.

Students' ability to validate the results from their own psychological tests was examined in two experiments. In Experiment I, sophomore, senior, and graduate students were presented with their actual and inverted profiles from the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) and the Students were asked to select their actual profiles. The senior and graduate students could reliably select their own profiles while the sophomore students could not. In Experiment 2, sophomore students were presented with their actual and inverted profiles from the CPI and the Differential Aptitudes Test (DAT) and the students were asked to select their actual profiles. The students were able to reliably select their actual profiles for both tests. The students were much more likely to select their own DAT profile than CPI profile, and they were more confident in their selection of the actual DAT profile.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

The universality of generalized personality statements.

Researchers for three decades have assumed that generalized personality statements are nearly universally valid. In this study, undergraduate students indicated whether generalized personality statements were "true" or "false" as applied to themselves; then these same students and a group of graduate students estimated the percentage of college students who would answer each generalized statement "true." Only 7 of the 12 commonly-used, generalized personality statements were found to be nearly universally valid among the undergraduates; the other 5 were answered "true" by fewer than two-thirds of the undergraduates. Both groups undergraduates and graduate students were very accurate in estimating the percentage of students who would respond "true" to each statement. Thus, many supposed generalized statements are not nearly universally valid, and students are cognizant of the degree of universality of generalized statements. Results of prior research based on inappropriate assumptions about generalized statements must be viewed cautiously.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Electrodermal measures of attention and effort to stimulus onset and offset for intramodal and intermodal tasks.

Two experiments were designed to assess the relationship between task difficulty and arousal. Electrodermal measures of tonic and phasic arousal to four levels of task difficulty at stimulus onset and offset were studied in college students for intramodal and intermodal tasks. The students were presented for 18 trails with visual-auditory or visual-visual stimuli with either 2.0-, 0.2-, or 0.02-sec difference between stimuli onset or offset, and asked to judge which stimulus came on or went off first or merely to observe the stimuli. Both frequency and amplitude of skin conductance responses reliably differentiated the levels of task difficulty for both the intramodal and the intermodal task. None of the measures of tonic level of arousal was reliable. Electrodermal measures of phasic responses accurately reflected the task demands.

Arousal↗
PubMed1976

Orienting responses as a function of age and task complexity.

Aged-related differences in the elicitation and habituation of orienting responses to the onset and offset of stimuli have been suggested by several authors. Electrodermal and cardiac orienting responses to the onset and offset of a visual stimulus were measured in three age groups (4 yr., 7 yr., and undergraduate). Each S made one of three judgments: non-signal (observe stimulus), content (color of stimulus), and duration (length of time stimulus presented). Few age differences were found in elicitation or habituation of orienting responses to stimulus onset or offset. There was a trend for elicitation of orienting responses to stimulus offset to be age-related, but the failure to find any other age-related changes made this difference somewhat questionable. Instructions as to the judgement to be made by S were the primary determinants of orienting responses to stimulus onset and offset across all age groups.

Adolescent↗