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Biomedical subjects

R L Gilmore

Publications and source records attributed to R L Gilmore.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of clinical infrared laser on superficial radial nerve conduction.

The purposes of this study were to demonstrate the effects of infrared laser radiation on the sensory nerve conduction of a specified peripheral nerve in man and determine temperature changes in the tissue surrounding the treated nerve. Twenty healthy adults were divided into three groups: control (n = 5); experimental (n = 10), infrared laser radiation at 20 sec/cm2; and experimental (n = 5), infrared laser radiation treatment at 120 sec/cm2. Antidromic sensory nerve conduction studies were performed on the superficial radial nerve of each subject's right forearm. The infrared laser radiation was applied at a fixed intensity for five 1-cm2 segments. Latency, amplitude, and temperature measurements were recorded pretest; posttest; and posttest intervals of 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes. An analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine the data. No significant change was noted in the distal sensory latency or amplitude of the evoked sensory potential in either experimental or control groups as a result of the applications of the infrared laser radiation treatment. This study demonstrates that infrared laser used at clinically applied intensities does not alter conduction of sensory nerves nor does it elevate the subcutaneous temperature.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Verapamil-induced changes in central conduction in patients with multiple sclerosis.

The electrophysiological characteristics of demyelinated axons are sensitive to changes in plasma calcium concentration. This study investigated the effect of verapamil, a calcium antagonist drug, on brainstem auditory, visual, and somatosensory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis patients. Eight clinically stable patients with abnormal visual and/or brainstem auditory evoked potentials and four normal volunteers were studied. During intravenous infusions of verapamil (mean plasma concentration = 130.0 +/- 56.4 ng/ml), the latencies of peaks III and V were shortened (p less than 0.05) in multiple sclerosis patients with abnormally prolonged BAEPs. The I-III (delta = 0.08 ms), III-V (delta = 0.46 ms), and I-V (delta = 0.53 ms) interpeak intervals, and the P100 latency (delta = 10.15 ms) of the visual evoked potential were similarly affected in these patients. In contrast, normal evoked potentials of both multiple sclerosis patients and control subjects were not altered compared to baseline recordings obtained 24 hours earlier. Intravenous verapamil, therefore, alters the BAEPs and VEPs of some multiple sclerosis patients with demyelinated auditory and visual pathways by shortening pathologically prolonged latencies toward normal. The present study suggests pharmacological manipulation of calcium-dependent processes, possibly at the level of the demyelinated axon, can acutely facilitate central conduction of electrical impulses in some patients with clinically stable multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Features of the geriatric EEG: age-dependent incidence of POSTS.

Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep (POSTS) are well recognized as a normal electroencephalographic phenomenon in young to middle-aged persons, but little comment has been made concerning their occurrence in geriatric age groups. This study encompassing 365 electroencephalograms, showing POSTS among patients aged 22 to 86 years, demonstrates that the presence of POSTS is not an age limited occurrence, but extends over a wide age range into the later decades of life. Though the incidence of POSTS declined with advancing age, the diminution was not striking until after age 70. POSTS appeared only in normal and mildly abnormal EEGs. POSTS did not occur in markedly abnormal EEGs, and thus they resemble other features of normal sleep including sleep spindles and K-complexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Brain biopsy in cases of neonatal herpes simplex encephalitis.

Neonatal herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) can represent a difficult diagnostic problem when it occurs without concomitant mucocutaneus lesions and usually requires brain biopsy for diagnosis. Asymptomatic for the initial 2 to 4 weeks of life, the three infants we describe with localized HSE came to medical attention only because they developed persistent seizures and other nonspecific symptoms. Lumbar spinal fluid obtained from these children at clinical presentation showed an encephalitic pattern. Radionuclide brain scans revealed focal uptake of isotope in a variety of cortical areas, and electroencephalograms (EEGs) demonstrated repetitive, high amplitude, polyphasic sharp waves arising from analogous regions. Computed tomography (CT) showed nonspecific ill-defined areas of low density or contrast enhancement that did not correlate well with radionuclide, EEG, or clinical findings in two neonates. No infant had predominant temporal lobe involvement. Because these data suggested a multifocal, encephalitic process, all three infants underwent brain biopsy. A widespread infiltration of leukocytes and macrophages was observed in each specimen, and abundant intranuclear inclusions were present. Electron microscopy revealed abundant herpesvirus particles, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) was subsequently isolated from each sample. From our observations and our review of the literature, we propose the following criteria as indications for brain biopsy: Brain biopsy is warranted to rule out HSE when a neonate presents with seizures, cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear pleocytosis with a negative gram stain, and focal, cortical disease on EEG and radionuclide scan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

Spontaneous Escherichia coli K1 meningitis in an adult.

We have described a 47-year-old white woman who had spontaneous E coli K1 meningitis after acquiring an E coli K1 urinary tract infection with associated sepsis. The patient's symptoms consisted only of severe headache, fever, and malaise. She had no meningeal or focal neurologic signs, and the CSF did not contain white blood cells. Evidence of meningitis included elevated opening pressure on lumbar puncture, positive CSF culture, and small ventricles on CT scan.

Antigens↗
PubMed1981

Speech arrest in partial seizures: evidence of an associated language disorder.

Recurrent episodes of speech arrest were observed in a man as the primary manifestation of a partial seizure disorder. To determine whether speech arrest was associated with a language disorder, the Syntactic Comprehension test was administered during and after speech arrest. This test does not depend upon speech production, but evaluates ability to comprehend sentences in which meaning depends on syntactic relationships. Using this test, we were able to show that speech arrest was associated with a language disturbance.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intracranial hemorrhage and focal seizures secondary to use of L-asparaginase during induction therapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

L-Asparaginase is commonly used for induction therapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia of childhood. Severe clinical bleeding secondary to clotting dysfunction has not been previously reported. We observed intracranial hemorrhagic infarcts with focal seizures and hemiparesis associated with clotting abnormalities, including severe hypofibrinogenemia, probably the result of L-asparaginase administered during induction therapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Afibrinogenemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Seizures in a fetal lamb after cocaine exposure: a case report.

We report the chance observation of two generalized seizures in a fetal lamb that received cocaine. Cocaine was infused intravenously into a 138-day-old fetus while electrocortical (ECoG), electroocular (EOG), and neck electromyographic (EMG) activity were recorded. Fetal rapid eye movement (REM) and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep were disrupted during the cocaine exposure and returned to a normal pattern after infusions were stopped. Seventy-two hours later, however, we recorded generalized seizures with ECoG spike and spike wave activity.

Animals↗