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Biomedical subjects

R L Blount

Publications and source records attributed to R L Blount.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Using intermittent reinforcement to program maintenance of verbal/nonverbal correspondence.

We investigated the effects of an intermittent reinforcement procedure on maintenance of verbal/nonverbal correspondence with nutritious snack choices in a day-care setting. Nutritious snack choices were first established using correspondence training procedures in a multiple baseline across three children. Withdrawal of the procedures with one subject led to loss of appropriate responding, suggesting the need for a maintenance strategy. The intermittent reinforcement procedure was implemented in a multiple baseline across subjects. Nutritious snack choices were observed consistently during the intermittent reinforcement condition and the subsequent extinction condition.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1985

Single-subject research designs for optometry.

Single-subject research designs are used extensively in the fields of education and psychology. There are many advantages of these designs over traditional group designs and they appear particularly important for applied research in optometry. An overview of the basic designs is presented. For each type of design, examples are provided that illustrate the application of this methodology to applied optometric research.

Feedback↗
PubMed1984

Teaching a six-year-old girl to swallow pills.

The present study used a modeling and shaping procedure to teach a 6-year-old girl to take pills. During one 45-min session, following instruction and modeling by the experimenter, the subject was presented candy hearts of increasing size, with reinforcers provided for successful swallowing. Maintenance and generalization of treatment effects were reported at home and at school.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Reducing severe diurnal bruxism in two profoundly retarded females.

Several diurnal audible teeth grinding (bruxism) was found to affect 21.5% of a profoundly retarded population. However, no previous research has treated bruxism in retarded individuals. In the current study a multiple baseline across subjects design was used to assess the effectiveness of contingent "icing," brief contingent tactile applications of ice, as a treatment for bruxism. Three 15-minute treatment periods and two 5-minute generalization periods were conducted 5 days per week. One resident displayed a 95% reduction in the percentage of intervals during which bruxism occurred during treatment periods and a 67% reduction during generalization periods. The other resident displayed a 94% reduction in the percentage of intervals during which bruxism occurred during treatment periods and a 53% reduction during generalization periods.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predictors of affective responses of mothers and fathers of children with cancer.

We investigated predictors of affective responses for 125 parents (77 mothers, 48 fathers) of children with various types of cancer who varied in time of diagnosis from newly diagnosed to 13 years following cancer treatment. The primary rationale of the investigation was to determine whether cognitive appraisals, perceived social supports, and caregivers' perceptions of children's behavior would predict affective responses differentially for mothers and fathers. We defined affectivity as self-reported depressive symptoms, and state and trait anxiety symptoms. Parents did not differ on any of the variables, including affective responses, although differential predictors of affective responses were revealed for mothers and fathers. Affiliation-related attributions were associated with affective responses for mothers, and achievement-related attributions and perceived social support were associated with affective responses for fathers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗