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Biomedical subjects

R L Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to R L Anderson.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Expression of carbohydrate binding protein 35 in human fibroblasts: comparisons between cells with different proliferative capacities.

Carbohydrate Binding Protein 35 (CBP35) is a galactose-specific lectin found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of mouse 3T3 fibroblasts. In these cultures, the level of expression and nuclear localization of CBP35 was correlated with the proliferative state of the cells. CBP35 is also found in human fibroblasts. We have compared the expression and localization of CBP35 in human fibroblasts of different replicative capacities: young (passage 11), intermediate (passage 19), and old (passage 33) SL66 cells, and fibroblasts derived from a patient with Werner's syndrome. The results indicate that the expression of CBP35 in cells with either age-acquired or congenital replicative deficiencies was unresponsive to serum stimulation, in contrast with that found in young normal human fibroblasts and in 3T3 cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomographic features of nonthyroid extraocular muscle enlargement.

While Graves' disease is the most common cause of enlarged extraocular muscles, other disorders may masquerade as dysthyroid orbitopathy. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of the computed tomographic (CT) scans of 60 patients with nonthyroid enlarged extraocular muscles to establish the differential radiographic features of these disorders. The diseases were classified as primary or local invasion of neoplasm (26%), inflammatory (25%), metastatic tumor (20%), vascular (13%), infection (12%), and acromegaly (3%). The inflammatory cases demonstrated more bilateral involvement (40%) and less involvement of the tendons (47%) than previously appreciated. The relatively high incidence of these features in the inflammatory group is important because both features have been considered pathognomonic for Graves' disease. Primary and metastatic tumors produced a nodular muscle enlargement with sharp borders and frequent bone changes. Certain tumors showed a predilection for certain muscle groups. Vascular cases involved multiple unilateral muscles and usually enlarged the superior ophthalmic vein. Infectious cases usually demonstrated fusiform muscle enlargement with blurred margins, whereas acromegaly caused moderate enlargement of all recti. Although certain diagnosis-specific radiographic patterns are described, no feature is pathognomonic for any disorder.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of thermal responses of human and rodent cells.

A comparison of heat responses of cells from human and rodent tumors indicates the following: (1) human cells appear to be appreciably more heat-resistant than are rodent cells in the range 41-45 degrees C; (2) while rodent cells show a marked increase in sensitivity as the temperature is increased from 42 and 43 degrees C, this change occurs at approximately 44 degrees C or higher for the human lines examined; (3) rodent cells are unable to acquire thermotolerance during exposure to 43 degrees C; the human cells do so readily; (4) decay of tolerance tends to be complete in 72 h in rodent cells; in human cells it may take twice that time. These results may have important implications for the clinical use of hyperthermia.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1989

Serological classification of Xanthomonas maltophilia (Pseudomonas maltophilia) based on heat-stable O antigens.

Twenty-six serotypes of Xanthomonas maltophilia were defined by using 15 antisera described by Hugh and Ryschenkow (R. Hugh and E. Ryschenkow, J. Gen. Microbiol. 26:123-132, 1961) and 11 new antisera. The antisera were prepared by immunizing rabbits with bacterial strains heated at 100 degrees C for 2 h. Twelve antisera required adsorptions with cross-reacting heterologous immunizing strains. We tested 275 clinical and environmental strains of X. maltophilia with 26 antisera by the slide agglutination technique. A total of 259 (94.2%) strains were typeable, with 137 (49.8%) strains agglutinating in three antisera.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical analysis of heat-resistant mouse tumor cell strains: a new member of the HSP70 family.

A series of heat-resistant mutants selected from a murine tumor cell line, RIF-1, display a markedly increased and stable resistance to heat shock. The mutant cell lines were analyzed for differences that may explain their increased resistance. Membrane lipid analysis showed no change in cholesterol content but an increase in the proportion of saturated fatty acids in the phospholipid fraction. Two-dimensional gel analysis revealed a generally increased constitutive synthesis of several major heat shock proteins (HSP), including HSP90, 68, 60, and 28. In addition, a new protein in the 70-kilodalton region is present in the resistant lines. The new protein has a lower isoelectric point than the constitutive HSP70 does, is only weakly induced by heat shock, and is immunologically cross-reactive with other members of the HSP70 family. After heat shock, the mutants display increases in HSP similar to those seen in the wild-type cells and they develop further transient tolerance to heat. Analysis of these mutants may help in understanding the function of HSP, both in normal growth and after heat shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Isolating the impact of psychiatric consultations in the general hospital: psychiatric comorbidities and nursing intensity.

The amount of nursing services represents a substantial portion of the total cost of hospital treatment of medical/surgical patients. Patients receiving psychiatric consultations were compared to matched patients (DRG and LOS) who did not receive psychiatric services on the intensity of their nursing service needs. These two groups were then compared on the measure of nursing intensity before and after the timing of the consultation. Those who received a consultation had significantly lower intensity scores prior to seeing the psychiatrist. Although patients receiving psychiatric consultations did not show a significantly greater reduction in nursing acuity relative to their baseline levels than did the matched control patients, the amount of time the psychiatrist spent with consultation patients was positively related with the change in nursing intensity post-consultation.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1989

Psychosocial services for AIDS patients in the general hospital.

Ninety consecutive non-repeating hospital admissions of patients with AIDS were studied. The rates of psychosocial service utilization were quite high for consultation psychiatry (24.4%), social work (42.2%), and home care (discharge planning) nursing (24.4%). The presence of psychiatric co-morbidities and social needs were associated with increased length of stay. In addition, psychiatric co-morbidities were associated with increased charges for pharmacy and laboratory.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Unicanalicular stent for nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

The authors describe a method for silicone intubation of a single patent canaliculus associated with a nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Although bicanalicular intubation is always preferable when possible, unicanalicular stenting is necessary when only one canaliculus is patent. A chief advantage of this technique is that the lacrimal stent is inaccessible to the child and thus cannot be accidentally pulled out.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Acute visual loss due to a calcified optic nerve glioma.

Optic nerve gliomas are slow-growing tumours most commonly seen in children under 10 years of age. Rapidly progressive proptosis and rapid visual deterioration are uncommon but may occur owing to accumulation of mucoid material, necrosis or hemorrhage. We describe a patient with an optic nerve glioma who manifested sudden proptosis and blindness caused by hemorrhage within the optic nerve sheath. The visual acuity returned to 20/25 after surgical decompression of the nerve and high-dose steroid therapy. Histopathological examination was required to establish the diagnosis of optic nerve glioma with extensive calcification. Optic nerve decompression or short-term high-dose steroid therapy, or both, may be helpful in recovering visual function in selected patients with optic nerve gliomas who have acute visual loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Malignant lesions of the eyelid.

Malignant tumors of the eyelid and ocular adnexa are often detected during routine examinations. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common of these tumors, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. Sebaceous gland carcinoma and malignant melanoma are seen less frequently. Malignant eyelid tumors may mimic a number of benign conditions. Early diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, and biopsy of the lesion is often necessary.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Intractable orbicularis myokymia: treatment alternatives.

Orbicularis myokymia frequently occurs in young, otherwise health individuals. The intermittent muscle fasciculations are transient and generally disappear with time. If the myokymia is persistent or progressive, neurologic assessment and investigation may be necessary. Muscle relaxants, botulinum-A toxin, and surgical myectomy are methods of treatment that only occasionally need to be considered. We present limited orbicularis myectomy and botulinum-A toxin injections as efficacious treatments in five selected intractable cases of orbicularis myokymia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Fetal tissue sampling. The San Francisco experience with 190 pregnancies.

Prenatal diagnosis of genetic defects was done using fetal blood sampling in 167 at-risk pregnancies, by fetal skin biopsy in 15 pregnancies, and by fetal liver biopsy in 8 pregnancies. Fetal blood sampling was done by fetoscopy through January 1985 and by sonographically directed percutaneous umbilical blood sampling since then. In our series, cytogenetics has become the major indication for fetal blood sampling, increasing from 6% of the cases with fetoscopy to 48% with umbilical blood sampling. Fetoscopy provided pure fetal blood in 61% of cases while umbilical blood sampling provided pure fetal blood 97% of the time. The corrected risk of fetal demise after percutaneous umbilical fetal blood sampling was 2% and after fetoscopy was 4%.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Merkel cell tumor of the eyelid: a review and report of an unusual case.

We describe a case of a Merkel cell tumor of the eyelid that manifested as a recurrent chalazion. This tumor had the classic characteristics of a Merkel cell neoplasm by light microscopy. Electron microscopy showed dense-core neurosecretory granules and perinuclear microfilaments consistent with the diagnosis. Because a Merkel cell tumor may manifest as a chalazion, pathologic evaluation of all atypical chalazia is essential. Merkel cell tumors are malignant, and they must be treated aggressively to minimize recurrence or metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Dacryocystectomy for the treatment of dacryocystitis patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.

We evaluated a woman with Wegener's granulomatosis who was experiencing recurrent dacryocystitis. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction had been present for many years and epiphora was not a significant concern. Our experience with the development of nasalcutaneous fistulas following dacryocystorhinostomy in several patients with Wegner's granulomatosis led us to perform a dacryocystectomy. The functional result was good, and there were no problems with wound healing. Dacryocystectomy should be considered as an alternative to dacryocystorhinostomy for dacryocystitis in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and similar disorders in whom epiphora is not a major complaint.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dysthyroid optic neuropathy without extraocular muscle involvement.

We present three atypical cases of dysthyroid optic neuropathy. The unique feature was progressive visual field loss with normal-sized or minimally enlarged extraocular muscles. Other atypical findings included optic nerves that appeared to be linearly on stretch with only moderate proptosis, good ocular motility, and only mildly reduced central visual acuity and color vision despite severe field loss. These cases responded rapidly to decompressive surgery after failing high-dose corticosteroid therapy. While marked enlargement of the extraocular muscles with apical optic nerve compression has been documented to cause dysthyroid optic neuropathy, another etiology such as short optic nerves on stretch appears to be at work in these atypical cases. Although extraocular muscle enlargement is the most important diagnostic feature and indicator of the severity of Graves' ophthalmology, our atypical cases demonstrate that this sign alone is an inadequate basis for diagnosis and visual prognosis.

Adult↗