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Biomedical subjects

R Kuntzman

Publications and source records attributed to R Kuntzman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1972

Destruction of cytochrome P 450 by secobarbital and other barbiturates containing allyl groups.

Administration of certain commonly used barbiturates containing allyl groups, such as secobarbital, allobarbital, or aprobarbital to rats treated chronically with a microsomal enzyme inducer causes a rapid destruction of the liver microsomal hemoprotein that serves as the terminal oxidase for drug metabolism. In contrast, barbiturates without an allyl group do not have this effect. The decrease in this hemoprotein, cytochrome P(450), by the barbiturates containing an allyl group could also be demonstrated in an in vitro liver microsomal system requiring reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. These results suggest that the barbiturates containing an allyl group are converted to a metabolite that leads to the destruction of cytochrome P(450).

Alkenes↗
PubMed1972

Decreased concentration of phenacetin in plasma of cigarette smokers.

The amount of phenacetin in plasma was determined in nine control subjects (nonsmokers) and nine subjects who smoked at least 15 cigarettes per day. The mean plasma concentration of phenacetin at 1, 2, 3(1/2), and 5 hours after its administration was markedly lower in cigarette smokers than in nonsmokers. At 2 hours after the oral administration of 900 milligrams of phenacetin, the plasma concentration (+/- standard error) of unchanged drug was 2.24 +/- 0.73 micrograms per milliliter in the controls and 0.48 +/- 0.28 micrograms per milliliter in the smokers. The rate of excretion in urine of the major metabolite of phenacetin, N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, was the same in both groups. These results indicate for the first time decreased concentrations of a drug in plasma of persons who smoke cigarettes, and the results suggest that the decrease in the amount of Phenacetin in plasma may result from increased metabolism of phenacetin in cigarette smokers.

Acetaminophen↗