Biomedical subjects

R Kumashiro

Publications and source records attributed to R Kumashiro.

114 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Prostaglandin Bx in the prevention of stress ulcers in rats.

The effect of Prostaglandin Bx (PGBx) on the development of gastric stress ulceration and bleeding in rats was investigated. The rats were divided into five groups and each rat was injected intravenously with either Saline (control), 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 5 mg, or 25 mg/kg of PGBx, according to group. The rats were then placed in wire conduit cages and placed in a cold room at 4 degrees C for three hours and sacrificed immediately afterwards. Results showed a significant increase in gastric bleeding and ulceration in the groups that received 1 and 5 mg/kg (PGBx) when compared to the control group (p less than 0.01). There was, however, a significant increase in gastric acid output in the group that received 1 mg/kg PGBx when compared to the control group (p less than 0.01). Our results suggest that PGBx, by a mechanism other than the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, maintains the integrity of the gastric mucosa.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The preventative effect of pyridine on stress ulcers: a microvascular and morphological study.

The effect of pyridine in the prevention of cold restraint-induced stress ulcers in rats was investigated. After fasting, rats were administered the appropriate dosage of pyridine and were promptly placed into stress cages for cold room stress. The rats were sacrificed and bleeding, ulceration and vascular patency were examined. At doses of 0.01 mg/kg and 0.20 mg/kg, pyridine significantly decreased the amount of gastric hemorrhage and ulceration (p less than 0.01), as compared with the controls. In addition, microvascular dye, injected after stress, revealed perfused mucosal capillaries in the pyridine group, and occlusion of mucosal capillaries in the control group. These results suggest that the antiplatelet effect of pyridine reduced thrombus formation in the mucosal capillaries with subsequent reduction in mucosal ulceration.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The preventative effect of the antifibrinolytic agents, epsilon-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid, on stress ulcer formation in rats.

The effect of the antifibrinolytic agents, epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (t-AMCHA), on acute gastric ulcers induced by cold restraint stress in rats was studied. Intravenous administration of 500 mg/Kg of EACA and t-AMCHA before exposure to stress significantly reduced the severity of gastric bleeding and ulcer formation (P less than 0.01). These agents did not affect gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. The results indicate that antifibrinolytic agents may be beneficial in the prevention of stress ulcers in man and support the concept that local gastric fibrinolysis may play a role in the pathogenesis of stress ulcers.

Aminocaproates↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Thrombolytic therapy before reconstructive vascular procedures for acute or subacute graft occlusions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of direct intra-arterial Urokinase infusions prior to anticipated adjunctive reconstructive vascular procedures in 16 patients with 24 acutely or subacutely occluded lower extremity grafts (22 femoropopliteal, 2 femorotibial). Complete thrombolysis was achieved angiographically in 18 (75%) of 24 graft occlusions. Neither age, gender, current smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, nor coronary arterial disease were significantly associated with complete thrombolysis. The only significant factor related to complete thrombolysis was the duration of the occlusion prior to lytic treatment (p < 0.05). Adjunctive reconstructive procedures were performed for eleven of 18 cases in which complete thrombolysis was achieved. These included nine percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasties (at eight distal and one proximal anastomotic stenoses) and two bypass operations (femoropopliteal). The remaining seven cases had no adjunctive procedure. These 18 cases were examined for patency rates during nine months of follow-up. Six (54%) of 11 cases with adjunctive reconstructive vascular procedures remained patent, while one (14%) of seven cases with no adjunctive procedure remained patent (p = 0.1). Six (25%) of 24 cases resulted in incomplete thrombolysis. Vascular procedures following these cases included two bypass operations, three amputations and one sympathectomy. This study suggests that complete thrombolysis of acutely occluded grafts might have minimized subsequent reconstructive procedures. Identification of correctable lesions and adjunctive reconstructive procedures performed following complete thrombolysis may be the important factors related to long-term patency.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum in a 62-year-old man: utility of an angiographic technique.

A 62-year-old man with severe anal bleeding was admitted to our ward as an emergency patient. Angiography of the superior mesenteric artery revealed an omphalomesenteric artery. Methylene blue was injected superselectively into the artery through an angiographic catheter at the time of subsequent laparotomy. Blood supply through the artery to the restricted area of the diverticulum could thus be defined in situ.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C after interferon treatment.

To determine whether serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA disappearance after interferon (IFN) treatment prevents development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we evaluated retrospectively the incidence of HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis C. A total of 213 patients were monitored for more than 6 months after completion of IFN treatment. Sixty-three of the 213 patients (29.6%) achieved a complete response (CR) to treatment and 150 (70.4%) had no response (NR). HCC developed in 12 (5.6%), all of whom were NR. Logistic analysis showed age, alpha -fetoprotein, and staging of histological finding before IFN treatment were independent factors to development of HCC. The fact that there was no HCC development from CR provides a basis for IFN treatment in chronic HCV infection.

Adult↗