Thrombocytopenia occurred in 11.6% of 43 patients prospectively randomized to receive either bovine lung or porcine mucosal heparin. Four patients received bovine heparin and developed mild to moderate thrombocytopenia after eight to twelve days which resolved when therapy was stopped in one to six days. One patient received porcine heparin and developed mild thrombocytopenia after four days. The thrombocytopenia resolved in one day in spite of continued heparin therapy. Serial blood samples from the five thrombocytopenic patients were studied for their in vitro effect upon normal platelets. These samples induced a high release of serotonin from normal platelets or caused normal platelets to aggregate in the presence of additional heparin. Release or aggregation coincided with or occurred shortly after nadir platelet counts were reached and returned toward normal following cessation of heparin. Our data constitute the first prospective study of heparin induced thrombocytopenia in which serial blood samples were studied before, during and following the onset of thrombocytopenia. They strongly support the presence of a heparin dependent co-factor, presumably an antibody, as the cause for thrombocytopenia.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Antigenic relatedness of Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli with rat tissues and human erythrocytes.

The cross-reactions of rat kidney with P. mirabilis and E. coli, and of rat urinary bladder with P. mirabilis were established by precipitation, agglutination and immunofluorescence methods. One of the cross-reactive bacterial components was the lipopolysaccharide. Human erythrocytes of Blood-groups A, O and AB were agglutinated by antisera to P. mirabilis and E. coli. The role of antigenic relatedness in urinary tract infections is discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1980

Marek's disease in the Punjab.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Entrapped urinary bladder: complication of pelvic trauma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Functional asplenia in Sezary syndrome.

A case of functional asplenia revealed by radiocolloid scanning is reported in a patient suffering from Sezary syndrome, a lymphoma of cutaneous origin. Heavy, diffuse sinusoidal infiltration of the spleen by the Sezary cells appears to be responsible for the functional asplenia in this case.

Humans↗

PubMed1980

Relative roles of radionuclide scanning and radiographic imaging in eosinophilic granuloma.

Twenty-four skeletal lesions were studied in seven patients with eosinophilic granuloma by radiographic skeletal surveys and radionuclide bone imaging. The radiographs detected 22 (92%) of these lesions and missed only two, whereas the scintiscans identified only 16 (67%) of these lesions, and missed eight. Radiographic skeletal survey and radionuclide bone imaging are complementary procedures in detecting bone lesions in bone marrow disorders, including eosinophilic granuloma. Use of either method alone is fraught with the danger of missing bone lesions of eosinophilic granuloma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Morphine dependence and dopaminergic activity: tests of circling responses in rats with unilateral nigral lesions.

1 Rats with unilateral electrolytic lesions involving both parts of the substantia nigra show dose-related, ipsilateral circling responses to apomorphine which are stable over time. 2 In non-tolerant rats, morphine (up to 10 mg/kg) does not elicit any circling behaviour but as tolerance develops to morphine, initially 10 mg/kg daily and then 100 ng/kg daily for about 4 months, the rats show a progressive tendency to walk more towards the side of the lesion. This behaviour is qualitatively different from apomorphine-induced circling. 3 When apomorphine (0 to 1.0 mg/kg) and morphine (10 or 100 mg/kg) are tested together, the total amounts of 'circling' are increased in an additive manner. However, after 22 h withdrawal from morphine there is a more marked increase in apomorphine-induced circling which is related to the level of dependence. 4 It is suggested that the sensitivity of striatal dopamine receptors is not altered by morphine dependence and that the increased response to apomorphine in abstinence probably reflects changes in the modulating actions of other neurotransmitter systems in the striatum.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Candidacidal activity of mouse macrophages in vitro.

Mouse peritoneal macrophages were infected in vitro with Candida albicans, and the phagocytic and candidacidal activities were estimated by microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained cells. Activated macrophages obtained from either BCG-vaccinated animals or by in vitro exposure of normal macrophages to phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphokines exhibited higher phagocytic and candidacidal activities than did normal macrophages. However, activated macrophages obtained by in vitro exposure of macrophages to candida-induced lymphokines exhibited the highest phagocytic and candidacidal activities. The incorporation of immune mouse serum into the culture medium also enhanced the phagocytic and candidacidal activities of the normal macrophages but failed to improve the function of the activated macrophages. These results suggest that both activated macrophages and antibodies may be required for controlling candida infections in mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Multiple sclerosing haemangiomas of the lung.

A case of mulitple sclerosing haemangiomas of the lung is described from a 40-year-old woman, who presented with haemoptysis. A chest X-ray revealed multiple circumscribed coin lesions in both lungs. A right upper lobectomy was done for diagnosis. The patient has remained well for 2 years after surgery. Multiplicity of tumour masses of pulmonary sclerosing haemangiomas is extremely rare and, although benign, may pose a great diagnostic problem.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Enterohepatic physiology of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

After intravenous administration of radiolabeled 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to rats, approximately 25% of the administered radioactivity appeared in the bile within 24 h. Instillation of the biliary radioactivity into the duodena of other rats was followed by recovery of 15% of the radioactivity in newly secreted bile within 24 h. The process by which products of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were excreted in bile was not saturable in the dose range tested (0.275-650 ng). The metabolites of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 present in bile were found to be much more polar than 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and were resolved into three fractions on high performance liquid chromatography. 60% of the radioactivity present in bile was retained selectively by DEAE-cellulose; the radioactive material could be eluted from the gel at a low pH or at high salt concentrations. When bile containing the radiolabeled metabolites was incubated at 37 degrees C and pH 5 with beta-glucuronidase, there was an increase in the amount of radioactivity comigrating with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Treatment of the products of radiolabeled 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in bile with diazomethane, an agent which converts acids into methyl esters, transformed one of the metabolites into a less polar compound. These results demonstrate that there is a quantitatively important enterophepatic circulation of the products of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Production, degradation, and circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in health and in chronic glucocorticoid excess.

The decreased intestinal absorption of calcium and accelerated bone loss associated with chronic glucocorticoid excess may be mediated by changes in vitamin D metabolism, leading to decreased availability of circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. This hypothesis was examined in 14 patients with either endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoid excess. Analysis of paired serum samples (mean +/- SE) in 13 patients during euglucocorticoidism and during hyperglucocorticoidism showed that glucocorticoid excess resulted in small decreases of plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentrations (22 +/- 2- 18 +/- 2 ng/ml; P < 0.05) but no significant changes in plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (32 +/- 8- 23 +/- 6 pg/ml) or serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (21 +/- 2- 18 +/- 2 muleq/ml). Additionally, we studied plasma kinetics of [3H]1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 after intravenous bolus administration in 10 hyperglucocorticoid patients and in 14 normal controls. Assessment with a three-compartment model showed no significant abnormalities in production rates (hyperglucocorticoid patients 1.2 +/- 0.3 micrograms/d, controls 1.5 +/- 0.2 micrograms/d) or metabolic clearance rates (hyperglucocorticoid patients, 18 +/- 2%; controls, 14 +/- 2%) or feces (hyperglucocorticoid patients, 60 +/- 9%, controls, 54 +/- 6%). We conclude that glucocorticoid excess does not effect plasma levels, production, or degradation of 1,25(OH)2D in humans. Thus, other mechanisms must be postulated to explain satisfactorily the abnormalities of bone structure and intestinal calcium absorption that may occur after chronic glucocorticoid therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Role of vitamin D glucosiduronate in calcium homeostasis.

Evidence has been presented suggesting the presence of vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) glucosiduronate in rat bile. To evaluate the role of vitamin D glucosiduronates in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, we synthesized vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate and tested its biological activity in calcium- and vitamin D-deficient rats. After the intravenous administration of vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate to rats maintained on a low calcium diet, there was an increase in duodenal calcium transport and an increase in serum calcium. Vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate, however, was less active than equimolar amounts of vitamin D(3). At doses of less than 0.65-1 nmol per rat, the conjugate exhibited no activity. When vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate was administered to vitamin D-deficient rats, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was detected in the serum; the increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was less than that observed after the administration of an equimolar amount of vitamin D(3). Vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate showed no detectable activity in the induction of calcium binding protein in chick embryonic duodena, a system in which no endogenous steroid beta-glucuronidase activity is detectable. These data demonstrate that vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate is biologically active in vivo and that the observed activity is due to hydrolysis of the conjugate to vitamin D(3). As vitamin D(3) 3beta-glucosiduronate is excreted in the bile of rats, it is possible that this conjugate is reutilized in vivo after hydrolysis to free vitamin D(3). These results suggest the existence of a mechanism for reutilization of the biliary products of vitamin D(3).

Animals↗