[On biorhythm of the organ of vision].
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
R Krause
Publications and source records attributed to R Krause.
A comparison of 10 and 14 days of lansoprazole triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori.
BACKGROUND: Data from large, multicenter, US studies determining the efficacy of triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori are lacking, especially for a treatment duration of less than 14 days. METHODS: Patients with H pylori infection and active duodenal ulcer disease or a history of duodenal ulcer disease within the past year were randomized to receive 30 mg of lansoprazole, 1 g of amoxicillin, and 500 mg of clarithromycin twice daily for 10 or 14 days. The primary efficacy end point was the eradication of H pylori as confirmed by negative histological and culture results at 4 to 6 weeks after the completion of treatment. RESULTS: Of 284 patients enrolled in the study from 46 US sites, 236 met the entry criteria. At 4 to 6 weeks after the end of therapy, H pylori was eradicated in 85% (96/ 113) of the patients receiving 14-day triple therapy and in 84% (103/123) of those receiving 10-day triple therapy by per-protocol analysis (95% confidence interval for treatment group differences, -10.5 to 8.1; P>.05). There was also no significant difference between the 14- and 10-day treatment groups when analyzed by an intent-to-treat analysis of H pylori eradication. A similar proportion of patients in each treatment group reported an adverse event related to therapy (34% [46/136] vs 38% [56/148], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with an active or a recent history of duodenal ulcer, lansoprazole-based triple therapy for 10 or 14 days is highly effective in the eradication of H pylori. The duration of therapy may be reduced from 14 to 10 days without a significant effect on regimen efficacy.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
Gastrosplenic fistula: complication of adenocarcinoma of stomach.
Penetration of the spleen by an adenocarcinoma of the stomach is described in a patient undergoing chemotherapy. The diagnosis was made by computed tomography.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[The transitory bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip].
AIM OF THE STUDY: Since MRI-studies had begun to establish the diagnosis of transitory bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip orthopedic surgeons have tried to integrate this new syndrome into the internationally accepted system of musculoskeletal diseases. Particularly, the relation to non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head and the possibilities in therapy were investigated in our clinical trial. METHODS: Our clinical trial encompassed 106 patients suffering from the transitory bone marrow edema syndrome diagnosed in our department between the years 1985 and 2000. In order to confirm this diagnosis we used the patients' histories, their clinical courses, MRI studies, scintigraphic bone scans, intraosseal pressure measurements, phlebographies, laboratory data, and histologic specimens. One half of our collective positive for transient bone marrow edema of the hip underwent core-decompression surgery (50 patients), the other half (56 patients) was treated conservatively by analgesic medication combined with restriction of weight-bearing in the affected extremity. RESULTS: Patients positive for transitory bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip are middle-aged individuals with a male to female predominance of 60 : 40. This group has no or only few risk factors usually associated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Thus, the missing alcoholic abuse is striking. All patients suffering from transitory bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip recovered completely independent of the therapy we initiated and none of them showed any signs of osteonecrosis. The one half undergoing surgical decompression of the edema by using a 4.5 mm drill experienced an markedly accelerated relief of their clinical symptoms as well as their signal changes on MRI studies. Conventional X-ray pictures and scintigraphic bone scans are not useful for early differentiation between early stages of osteonecrosis and bone marrow edemas. This also accounts for the historical measurements of intraosseal pressure determinations and phlebographies. In contrast to that, MRI studies are effective in early differentiation between osteonecrosis and bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip, especially when contrast medium (gadolinium) is administrated intravenously and fat-suppressed MRI-sequences find use. Beginning osteonecrosis of the femoral head shows a segmental loss of contrast medium, a "double line sign" interface to the intact bone marrow, and only in a few cases they are associated with a huge symptomatic edema. The histologic examination of specimens obtained from 43 patients with transitory bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip revealed no signs of osteonecrosis. CONCLUSION: MRI studies are useful in differentiation between bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in each stage of these two diseases. The thorough differentiation between these two diseases is of extraordinary importance for the clinical work-up of the patients as well as for scientific reasons. The course of primary bone marrow edema is benign as it results in entire recovery. The core decompression surgery offers the chance to shorten the course of the disease.
Adult↗
[Transitory hip osteoporosis in magnetic resonance tomography].
Transient osteoporosis of the hip (a rare clinical picture which was difficult to diagnose up to now) shows a typical signal response in Magnetic Resonance Tomography. This enables diagnosis of the disease in a single investigation. In this way, unnecessary investigations can be avoided and therapeutic consequences can be implemented as soon as possible. Magnetic Resonance Tomography is also the most sensitive technique in order to describe the course of transient osteoporosis of the hip.
Adult↗
Ca++ antagonists and ACAT inhibitors promote cholesterol efflux from macrophages by different mechanisms. I. Characterization of cellular lipid metabolism.
The effects of the slow Ca++ channel blocker, nifedipine, and ACAT inhibitor, octimibate, on the cholesterol metabolism of cholesterol-loaded macrophages were compared. We demonstrated that apolipoprotein A-I containing high density lipoproteins (HDL) bind to specific receptor sites on macrophages, are internalized, take up cholesterol, and are then released from the cells as native lipoproteins. The ACAT inhibitor enhances HDL receptor activity and promotes HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages. In contrast, the Ca++ antagonist increases acetyl LDL-mediated cholesterol influx, abolishes the increase in HDL binding induced by cholesterol accumulation, enhances apo E synthesis, and promotes cholesterol efflux by a mechanism independent of the presence of HDL in the surrounding medium. Concomitantly, a decrease in nucleoside transporter activity, an increase in intracellular ATP hydrolysis, adenosine and cyclic AMP concentration, and a stimulation of the activities of acid and neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase and ACAT indicated that protein kinase A-catalyzed phosphorylation reactions might be involved in the increase in cholesterol efflux. The Ca++ antagonist-induced efflux occurred only with lysosomal-associated cholesterol, while the ACAT inhibitor acted on the formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets. The secreted lipoprotein particles contained 68% unesterified cholesterol and 21% phospholipids, 8% esterified cholesterol, and 3% triglycerides. The phospholipid components were: 72% phosphatidylcholine, 22% sphingomyelin, and 6% phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylethanolamine. We conclude that macrophages release cholesterol in two ways: 1) an HDL-mediated release of unesterified cholesterol increasing upon ACAT inhibition, and 2) an HDL-independent secretion of cholesterol which can be amplified by Ca++ antagonists.
Acetylation↗
UV radiation and cancer prevention: what is the evidence?
The health benefits of sunlight and the risk of skin cancer from UV exposure are still controversial. The literature was analyzed in terms of reviews, controlled and epidemiological studies for the relationships between sunshine exposure and overall cancer mortality, as well as mortality from cancer of the prostate, colon and breast. The residential and/or occupational sun exposure rate seemed to be positively correlated with a lower risk of overall morality due to organ cancer. A normal vitamin D status appeared to be an important precondition, via the local and autocrine synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the target tissues. The vitamin D hormone system is necessary for cell proliferation and differentiation; different types of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism seemed to be associated with cancer cell growth. The health benefits of sunlight appear to outweigh the risk of skin cancer. However, the optimal UV exposure, the target level of circulating vitamin D, and whether vitamin D is the only pathway are still undetermined.
Breast Neoplasms↗
[Immunochemical and biological properties of rapid monoclonal proteins of the IgG class].
Four proteins M class IgG were analysed in detail in view of their more rapid electrophoretic migration in starch gel among most proteins in this class. On the basis of these investigations two protein (from sera 212 and 244) corresponded to subclass IgG-4, one (serum 119) probably to IgG-4 with polyclonal impurities from other subclasses, and the fourth protein (from serum 210) to subclass 3 or 1. Since subclass IgG-4 contains the greatest amount of sialic acid residues of the remaining IgG subclasses finding of more rapid migration of the observed proteins seems to be due to this. A hypothesis has been put forward that if rapidly moving IgG do not belong to subclass 4 then they have, probably, atypically arranged carbohydrate groups, e.g. in Fab fragment. It was found also that the studied proteins M were carried during chromatography with DEAE cellulose only when a buffer with higher concentration of NaCl was used.
Electrophoresis, Paper↗
[Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in oncology (author's transl)].
The role of TPN in oncology is, in spite of favourable reports, not yet settled. Selected undernourished cancer patients are certainly helped by parenteral nutrition during their course of therapy. Their nutritional status becomes better, their endurance to antineoplastic therapy is enhanced with less complications and more important, their "quality of life" is improved. However, the survival time of the patient is not prolonged. Well designed prospective randomised clinical studies will provide a better insight into this problem. The anorexia of cancer patients might be caused by tumor-induced alterations in the metabolism of the host which might be medically altered by serotonin-antagonists.
Anorexia↗
A rapid and simple technique for intestinal anastomoses with a circular stapling instrument.
A recently developed stapling device (EEA, Auto Suture Co., USA), which was initially introduced for the construction of low-lying rectal anastomoses, successfully accomplished end-to-end esophagojejunostomies, end-to-side Roux-en-Y small bowel anastomoses, and end-to-end ileocolonic anastomoses. The different anastomoses were performed in five dogs; there were good results and no complications. This instrument is easy to use, saves times, and creates safe anastomoses. We suggest its wide use in gastrointestinal surgery.
Animals↗
[The influence of anodizing conditions on the activity of urease immobilized to anodized sheet aluminium (author's transl)].
The activity of urease immobilized by adsorption on anodized sheet aluminium strongly depends on the method chosen for preparation of these carriers. If oxalic acid is applied as electrolyte, only the anodizing temperature significantly influences the activity of the preparations. In case of the well-known GS process, however, the activity is not only affected by the temperature, but also by other conditions of anodizing, for example the current density and the electrolyte concentration. For both methods the correlation between the topography of the carrier surfaces and the activity of enzyme immobilized to the surface is described.
Aluminum↗
[New methods for managing substance abuse by the public health office].
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Cause of Death↗
[Correlation of physical and mental emotional course in various psychosomatic disease pictures].
The affective process is described as governing at least three different subsystems, expression, cognition and physiology. Different forms of interconnections between them are considered as substantial for two different psychosomatic subgroups. Patients with colitis ulcerosa should have a deficiency of the experienced and expressed affectivity. In contrast patients with functional psychosomatic disturbances should show signs of inhibition with measurable indicators of the repressed affective impulse. 20 male psychosomatic patients suffering from colitis ulcerosa (10) or functional spine disturbances (10) interacted with healthy same sex subjects unknown to them. 20 healthy subjects served as a control group. The affective behavior was analyzed using EMFACS, an emotional facial action cording system, as well as DES, the differential emotion scale. For patients with ulcerative colitis a significant reduction of facial activity is characteristic. Whereas patients with functional spine disturbances are excessive in the same behavior. The observable reduction is however centered around affective arousal indicators not the primary affects per se. The observable differences between expressed affectivity and the experience did not reach significance mainly, because the great variability of the patients with functional spine disturbances. Clinical impressions are confirmed however not with exactly the phenomena the clinicians thought.
Adult↗